RU2377750C2 - Attachment mechanism load stabiliser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of tractor industry and agriculture mechanisation. The stabiliser contains a flexible attachment mechanism dragbar element, lower and upper dragbars, interconnected, and resilient damper elements. The resilient damper elements are represented by springs and hydraulic shock absorbers, connected in parallel into the circuit of the attachment mechanism lower dragbars. The upper ends of the resilient damper elements are connected to the tractor, their lower ends connected to the lower balancers, attached to each other via a shaft. The upper dragbar is connected to the upper balancer.

EFFECT: improved durability of the machine assembly units and its operational efficiency due to reduction of the hook drag force oscillation amplitude during operation of attachment and trailer implements.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of tractor construction and mechanization of agriculture, in particular to a mounted tractor mechanism, can be used in units of the forest industry.

Known attachment device [1], containing lifting levers, braces, upper link and lower link.

The disadvantage is the inability to absorb shock loads on the hook, since the rigidity of the structural elements dampens force fluctuations only to a very small extent.

A device for controlling the loading of a tractor with a flexible element, mounted on the traction of the mounted mechanism [2]. A flexible element is connected to the piston of the air regulator, which connects the source and the bus with a power shift regulator of the gearbox. The regulator allows you to automatically adjust in each gear the air pressure in the intake manifold.

The disadvantages are complexity, the ability to work only with trailed implements when installed on the upper link does not position the implement.

There is also known a device for controlling the traction mode of a tractor with a towed agricultural machine [3], in which the tractor and the agricultural machine are connected by a torque link made in the form of a cylinder, the housing of which is connected to the tractor body, and the spring-loaded piston with the rod is the drawbar of the machine. The piston is kinematically connected to the air pressure regulator in the tires of the agricultural machine, as well as to the spool of the distributor, the control cavity of which is connected via valves to the pump. The valve windings through the contacts fixing the position of the gearbox lever of the tractor are connected to the power source.

The device is not designed to dampen load fluctuations on the mounted mechanism, the ability to work only with trailed implements when installed on the upper link does not position the implement.

The aim of the invention is to increase the durability of the assembly units of the unit and its efficiency by stretching and reducing the amplitudes of the oscillations of the pulling force on the hook when working with mounted implements.

This goal is achieved by installing elastic damping devices on the tractor, which are attached at one end to the tractor and to the lower balancers connected to each other through the shaft, lower links are still attached to the lower balancers, the upper link is attached to the upper balancer. Parallel movement of the upper and lower rods is achieved by connecting the balancers using connecting rods. Raising and lowering the attachment is achieved using lifting levers and braces connected to the lower links. The stiffness of the elastic damping devices is regulated by replacing the springs, depending on what kind of work the tractor is in operation. Damping is controlled by changing the passage section of the channels connecting the upper and lower tanks.

Figure 1 presents the kinematic diagram of a mounted device with a load stabilizer on the hook. Figure 2 presents a drawing of the attachment. Figure 3 presents the assembly unit.

The stabilizer consists of two elastic-damping devices 1, located on the rear axle of the tractor behind the side cover of the tractor axle shaft, which are attached at one end to the tractor and the other to the lower balancers 2, fixed to each other through the shaft 3. Lower rods are also attached to the lower balancers 4, the upper link 5 is attached to the upper balancer 6. The parallel movement of the upper and lower links is achieved by connecting the balancers using connecting rods 7. Raising and lowering the attachment is achieved using a lifting roar guards 8 and braces 9, connected to the lower rods. To prevent damage to the elements of the device during transport operations when descending from the mountain, as well as when reversing, stops 10 are installed, restricting the movement of the lower levers.

The elastic-damping device 1 consists of a flexible element in the form of a spring 11, which in a pre-clamped state is located between the upper eye 18, to which the rod 13 is attached, and the lower case 12, which is a cylinder, to the rod 13 is fixed a piston 14, which is located inside a cylinder of the housing, along the housing a channel 16 is drilled connecting the cavities formed above and below the piston 14, a bolt 15, by screwing and unscrewing of which the passage section 19, of the compensation tank 17, in which the liquid accumulates, is adjusted to that does not fit into the space above the piston 14 when the piston moves down, is connected to the channel 16.

на крюке выше установленного в рабочей зоне (Фиг.4)

верхняя 5 и нижние тяги 4 отстают от трактора благодаря ходу балансиров 2 и 6. При этом балансиры 2 и 6 поворачиваются вокруг своей оси, одновременно воздействуют на упруго-демпфирующие устройства 1, установленные по обоим бокам трактора. Пружины 11 под действием усилия сжимаются, накапливая в себе энергию. При уменьшении нагрузки пружина 11 (Фиг.3) возвращает своей энергией балансир 2 и через соединительные штанги 7 балансир 6 в исходное положение. Демпферы, создавая гидравлическое сопротивление перемещению поршня 14, следовательно, и сжатию и разжатию пружины 11, препятствует возникновению колебательного процесса. Это происходит благодаря перетеканию жидкости из нижнего пространства в верхнее через канал 16. Так как шток 13 демпфера занимает некоторый объем, вытесненная из нижнего пространства жидкость больше, чем пространство, образуемое в верхнем, предусмотрена компенсационная емкость 17, в которой накапливается избыток жидкости. Скорость протекания жидкости через канал 16 регулируется болтом 15. При превышении нагрузки в тягах выше установленного значения срабатывает упруго-демпфирующее устройство и обеспечивается сглаживание нагрузки, то есть срезается амплитуда колебаний.The device operates as follows: with a sharp increase in load

on the hook above the installed in the working area (Figure 4)

the upper 5 and lower links 4 are behind the tractor due to the course of the balancers 2 and 6. At the same time, the balancers 2 and 6 rotate around their axis, at the same time act on the elastic-damping devices 1 mounted on both sides of the tractor. The springs 11 under the action of force are compressed, accumulating energy in themselves. When reducing the load, the spring 11 (FIG. 3) returns the balancer 2 with its energy and, through the connecting rods 7, the balancer 6 to its original position. The dampers, creating hydraulic resistance to the movement of the piston 14, and therefore, the compression and expansion of the spring 11, prevents the oscillation process. This is due to the flow of liquid from the lower space to the upper through the channel 16. Since the damper rod 13 occupies a certain volume, the liquid displaced from the lower space is larger than the space formed in the upper one, a compensation tank 17 is provided in which excess liquid accumulates. The speed of fluid flow through the channel 16 is regulated by a bolt 15. When the load in the rods is higher than the set value, an elastic-damping device is activated and the load is smoothed, that is, the oscillation amplitude is cut off.

Information sources

1. Tractors "Belarus" MTZ-80/82. - Minsk: Harvest, 1984, 352 p.

2. AS No. 1364496 of the USSR. Traction control device for tractor with trailed agricultural machine. / Aut. fig. Zimagulov A.Kh., Bulgariev G.G., Zimagulova G.A. Publ. 01/07/08, BI No. 1.

3. AC No. 1273757 of the USSR. Device for controlling the engine load of the tractor / Aut. fig. Zimagulov A.Kh. Publ. 11.30.86, BI. 44.

Claims (2)

1. The load stabilizer of the mounted mechanism, comprising a flexible element of the traction of the mounted mechanism, characterized in that it contains lower and upper rods connected to each other, and elastic damping devices made in the form of springs and hydraulic shock absorbers connected in parallel to the chain of the lower rods of the mounted mechanism, upper the ends of the elastic damping devices are connected to the tractor, and their lower ends are connected to the lower balancers, fixed to each other through the shaft, and the upper link is attached to the upper balancer. 2. The stabilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower balancers are interconnected using connecting rods.

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