RU2370017C1 - Growing medium for cercidium of basidiomycete ganoderma - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, particularly to mushroom cultivation. The growing medium contains grains and conifer scrap. The additional medium contains pine strobile arillus and water with the following ratio, wt %: pine strobile arillus-55-80, conifer scrap-5-15, grains-10-15, water- the rest.

EFFECT: use of the suggested growing medium enables to increase biomass yield and reduce growth period as well as end product cost and extend raw material base of pharmaceutical wood-attacking basidiomycete Ganoderma.

1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and biotechnology, in particular to the cultivation of mushrooms, and can be used in the cultivation of medicinal basidial wood-destroying fungi Ganoderma.

Known nutrient medium for growing mycelium of edible fungi, containing wheat grain, natural zeolite, gypsum, chalk and water. Moreover, the components are contained in the following ratio, wt.%: Wheat grain - 12.0 - 24.0, natural zeolite - 29.1-60.4, gypsum - 1.0-2.0, chalk - 0.4-0 , 8, the rest is water (RF patent No. 20133931, A01G 1 / 04,1994).

However, the known medium is expensive and not adapted for the growth of Ganoderma mushrooms. Many basidiotic wood-destroying fungi have low growth ability on this medium.

A nutrient medium is known for growing oyster mushroom ordinary, containing wastes of conifers (needles, bark, sawdust, shavings, etc.) and a bioorganic additive - a mixture of calcium hydroxide and starch in an equal ratio in the amount of 1.0 - 15% (p. RF No. 2140730, A01G 1/04, 1999).

However, the specified nutrient medium was developed (optimal) for obtaining fruiting bodies of edible basidiomycetes, in particular, honey agarics, but is absolutely not suitable for growing medicinal wood-destroying fungus Ganoderma.

Another disadvantage of this medium is its multicomponent nature.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a nutrient medium for cultivation of mycelium of mushrooms, containing blanched grain, sawdust of conifers and mineral additives. Moreover, the components are contained in the following ratio, wt.%: Blanched grain - 90.0-95.0, sawdust of coniferous trees - 5.0-10.0 and mineral additives - 2.0-3.0 (section of the Russian Federation No. 2148422, A01G 1/04, 1999).

A disadvantage of the known medium is the use of large quantities of grain - expensive food raw materials, which increases the cost of the resulting product.

In addition, the need to blanch grain increases production costs, the introduction of mineral additives is also the cost of production.

In addition, the unsuitability of this medium for growing Ganodenna wood-destroying fungi is also a disadvantage of the known medium.

When creating the invention - a nutrient medium for growing Ganoderma mycelium, the goal was to improve the quality of the nutrient medium by improving its growth properties, as well as reducing the cost of the nutrient medium for the cultivation of medicinal wood-destroying fungi.

The claimed technical result is expressed in an increase in the yield of biomass of Ganoderma fungi, which indicates an improvement in the growth properties of the nutrient medium.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the nutrient medium for the cultivation of mycelium of Ganoderma mushrooms contains grain as well as sawdust of conifers and, in addition, as the main substrate, husk of pine cones and water, in the following ratio, wt.%:

husk of cedar cones 55-80 sawdust of conifers 5-15 corn 10-15 water rest

The technical result is achieved by improving the growth properties of the nutrient medium when cedar cones are used as the main substrate.

Using the husks of cedar cones allows you to increase the biomass of Ganoderma mushrooms without changing its biological properties, because the husk of pine cones is similar to the natural substrate on which the Ganoderma mushroom grows, and contributes to an increase in the rate of its accumulation.

The husks of cedar cones contain an extensive complex of mineral elements: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, copper, zinc. The husk is also rich in phospholipids and lipids, unsaturated fatty acids, triglycerides, essential oils. In addition, it is rich in essential amino acids and vitamins of groups A, B, C, E. All this helps to improve the quality of the nutrient medium, in particular its growth properties, because provides the nutrient medium with the amount of organic and mineral substances, as well as vitamins, necessary for the growth of biomass, and helps to increase the rate of growth of the fungus biomass.

In addition, the use of husk of pine cones for a nutrient medium allows to reduce the cost of the target product, because husk is a waste from the harvesting of wild plants that must be disposed of.

In addition, from the composition of the components of the nutrient medium, unlike the prototype, mineral additives are excluded due to their presence in the husk, which also reduces the cost of the nutrient medium.

The use of grain containing up to 60% starch as a nutrient component allows filling the nutrient medium with carbohydrates, which replenishes the energy component of the fungus biomass.

Sawdust of conifers improves the breeding ground, as improve the structure of the substrate, making it more connected.

The quantitative content of the components in the proposed nutrient medium leads to an improvement in the growth characteristics of the claimed nutrient medium. Going beyond the declared values of the components leads to a deterioration in the growth properties of the nutrient medium.

The experiments showed that the presence of cedar cone husks in the claimed nutrient medium of less than 55% does not ensure the achievement of the declared result, the biomass increase is lower than the control, i.e. growth properties of the medium are worse than the growth properties of the nutrient control medium.

The increase in the number of husks of cedar cones more than 80% also leads to a decrease in biomass growth (example 5).

The amount of sawdust of coniferous trees and grain, together with the husks of cedar cones, provides the organic and mineral substances necessary for the growth of biomass, as well as vitamins and enzymes.

To verify the growth properties of the obtained nutrient medium, the medium is inoculated with a culture of the fungus Ganoderma and the growth of mycelium is observed.

Observations showed that the proposed nutrient medium in its growth properties is not inferior to the prototype. Moreover, a more active, accelerated build-up of Ganoderma mycelium biomass was observed.

The results of the observations are given in the table.

Table Wednesday Husk cedar cones,% Sawdust of coniferous trees,% Grain,% Biomass,% Example 1 55 fifteen fifteen 103,2 Example 2 65 fifteen fifteen 103.9 Example 3 70 12 12 103,2 Example 4 80 5 10 110.5 Example 5 95 0 0 85.3 Control (prototype) - - - 100.0

According to the table, the use of husks of cedar cones for the nutrient medium in the cultivation of Ganoderma mushrooms can increase biomass growth of more than 10%.

The method of preparation of the nutrient medium is simple, does not require special equipment and reagents. The application of the proposed environment for cultivation Ganoderma can reduce the cost of the target product, as it uses waste from the harvesting of wild plants and the timber industry.

The nutrient medium is prepared as follows.

Take the husk of cedar cones, sawdust of conifers and grain, mix thoroughly and moisturize. The resulting mixture is packaged in a heat-resistant container and sterilized. After cooling, the prepared nutrient medium is inoculated with a Ganoderma fungus culture and fungus mycelium is grown at room temperature.

Examples of specific performance.

Example 1. Take the husk of pine cones in a volume of 55%, sawdust ate in a volume of 15%, oat grain in a volume of 15%, mix thoroughly and moisturize. The resulting mixture is packaged in a heat-resistant container and sterilized in an autoclave at a pressure of 100 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C for 60 minutes. After sterilization, the pH of the mixture is 5.2.

After cooling, the prepared nutrient medium is inoculated with a Ganoderma fungus culture and the fungus mycelium is grown at room temperature and in ambient light.

The weight of mycelium for 3 weeks of cultivation was 20.74 g per 100 g of substrate.

Example 2. The nutrient medium is prepared according to example 1, however, the components are taken in the following ratio: husk of cedar cones - 65%, sawdust of pine - 15%, grain of barley - 15%. The mixture is treated at a vapor pressure of 90 MPa and a temperature of 103 ° C for 45 minutes. After processing the pH of the mixture is 5.0.

After 3 weeks of growth, the biomass weight was 20.88 g per 100 g of substrate.

Example 3. The nutrient medium is prepared according to example 1, however, the components are taken in the following ratio: husk of cedar cones - 70%, sawdust of pine - 12%, oat grain - 12%. The mixture is treated at a vapor pressure of 90 MPa and a temperature of 100 ° C for 60 minutes. After treatment, the pH of the mixture is 5.2.

After 3 weeks of growth, the biomass weight was 21.75 g per 100 g of substrate.

Example 4. The nutrient medium is prepared according to example 1, however, the components are taken in the following ratio: husk of cedar cones - 80%, sawdust of pine - 5%, oat grain - 10%. The mixture is treated at a vapor pressure of 100 MPa and a temperature of 110 ° C for 60 minutes. After processing the pH of the mixture is 5.0.

After 3 weeks of growth, the biomass weight was 22.21 g per 100 g of substrate.

Example 5. The nutrient medium is prepared according to example 1, however, they take only the husk of cedar cones - 95% and moisten with water. After sterilization, the pH of the mixture is 5.0.

After 3 weeks of growth, the biomass weight was - 17.50 g per 100 g of substrate.

Thus, the advantages of the proposed environment in comparison with the known nutrient media are expressed in the ability to more actively increase the biomass of the Ganoderma mycelium.

The use of a nutrient medium for the cultivation of Ganoderma fungus mycelium biomass allows increasing the biomass yield and shortening the cultivation time, as well as reducing the cost of the target product and expanding the raw material base of medicinal basidiotic wood-destroying fungi Ganoderma.

Claims (1)

Nutrient medium for cultivating the mycelium of basidiomycetes Ganoderma, containing grain and sawdust of conifers, characterized in that it additionally contains husk of cedar cones and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
husk of cedar cones 55-80 sawdust of conifers 5-15 corn 10-15 water rest