RU2369640C1 - Facility for recovery of non-defined emissions from metallurgic installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: facility consists of shelter and aspiration hood made from shields secured on beams of frame. The frame of the aspiration hood is fastened to beams of the shelter frame. Shields on the beams of the aspiration hood frame and on the beams of the shelter frame are movably connected with process gaps of 20-30 mm. The facility is equipped with straps movably attached on shields by pins attached to shields; the straps overlap the said gaps.

EFFECT: raised efficiency of recovery of non-defined emissions from metallurgic installation.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy and can be used to capture fugitive emissions from metallurgical units generated during steelmaking and polluting the environment, in particular to capture fugitive emissions generated during steelmaking in converters.

The closest in combination of features to the claimed invention is a device selected to prototype fugitive emissions from metallurgical units selected as a prototype (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2086661, IPC С21С 5/38, 1997), containing a shelter with an opening for loading materials, over which an aspiration umbrella is fixed . According to the prototype, the shelter of metallurgical units is made in the form of a cap with a frontal opening for loading materials. The suction umbrella is installed at a certain height above the frontal opening of the shelter and is made in the form of a U-shaped arch. The shelter adjoins the gas duct of the process gas treatment system connected to flue gas exhaust pumps to the suction gas treatment system. Means for forming a gas curtain over the front opening are connected to the high-pressure fan. The device is equipped with means for regulating the aerodynamic drag of the gas curtain. The opening of the suction umbrella in the width and length of the opening corresponds to the size of the stream of fugitive emissions. Holes are made in the lateral ends of the umbrella, which are connected to flue gas exhaust pumps into the suction gas cleaning system. At the same time, the means for forming the gas curtain are made in the form of upper and side ducts located along the edges of the U-shaped arch with longitudinal slots directed towards each other, the ends of the ducts are connected to the collector of the discharge side of the high-pressure fan.

The claimed object and the prototype coincide with such essential features: both devices for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units contain a shelter with a frontal opening, over which an aspiration umbrella is fixed.

Analysis of the technical properties of the prototype, due to its features, shows that the receipt of the expected technical result is hindered by such reasons. The known device does not allow for high collection efficiency of fugitive emissions from metallurgical units, in particular from a converter. When steel is smelted, heating of the shelter elements occurs, while heating of the shelter elements rigidly fixed on the frame beams to a high temperature causes their significant deformation. The deformation of the shelter elements is accompanied by warping of the shelter frame, the formation of significant gaps between the shelter elements, in addition, significant overvoltages in the metal lead to separation of the shelter elements from the frame. All this leads to the release of fugitive emissions outside the shelter, which reduces the efficiency of their capture. The location of the suction umbrella at a certain height above the front opening of the shelter also leads to the fact that part of the fugitive emissions falls outside the suction umbrella. In addition, costly repairs are needed to restore shelter integrity.

The claimed invention is based on the technical task of creating such a device for capturing fugitive emissions from metallurgical units, in which improvements by introducing new elements make it possible to use the invention to achieve a technical result consisting in increasing the efficiency of collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units.

The inventive device for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units comprises a shelter with a frontal opening over which an aspiration umbrella is mounted. The shelter frame is made of vertical struts, inclined and horizontal beams with connecting beams. The frame of the suction umbrella is made of beams and mounted on the horizontal shelter beams, while on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella and the beams of the shelter frame installed shields with the possibility of movable connection. Moreover, on the beams connecting the vertical racks of the shelter frame, the shields are installed using brackets fixed to them with fingers covering the beams of the shelter frame with a gap, and on the beams connecting the inclined and horizontal beams of the shelter frame, and shields are installed on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella with holes using studs mounted on shields that are loosely mounted in the holes of the pads. In this case, the adjacent panels are located with technological gaps equal to 20-30 mm. In addition, the device is equipped with overlays, which, using the pins attached to the shields, are movably fixed to the shields with the possibility of overlapping technological gaps between the shields.

In some cases, the implementation of the inventive device for capturing fugitive emissions from metallurgical units is characterized in that the shelter panels in the area exposed to high temperature are made of at least two-layer sheets bonded to each other with a gap using a movable joint.

When using the claimed invention, the achievement of the technical result is achieved, consisting in the free movement of the shields relative to the beams of the shelter frame when heated to a high temperature and to increase the efficiency of collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units.

Between the set of essential features of the claimed invention and the achieved technical result, there is such a causal relationship.

Fastening the suction umbrella to the horizontal shelter beams ensures that the suction umbrella is located in close proximity to the place of fugitive emissions leaving the front opening of the shelter, which, in turn, ensures that the entire volume of fugitive emissions from the metallurgical unit gets into the suction umbrella.

The installation of shields on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella and the beams of the shelter frame with the possibility of movable connection provides free movement of the shields relative to the shelter frame when the shields are deformed when they are heated to high temperature. The movement of the shields, which are freely, rather than rigidly, fixed on the shelter beams, prevents warping of the shelter frame, the occurrence of cracks between the shelter shields, in addition, the separation of the shields from the frame is prevented. The use of the claimed invention when operating metallurgical units allows you to constantly maintain the integrity of the shelter, which, in turn, prevents fugitive emissions from falling outside the shelter - all this improves the efficiency of capture of fugitive emissions.

Installation of shields on the beams connecting the vertical racks of the shelter frame, using brackets fixed on them with fingers covering the beams of the shelter frame with a gap, and on the beams connecting the inclined and horizontal beams of the shelter frame, and on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella on the plates with holes with the use of studs mounted on shields, which are freely installed in the holes of the pads, structurally simply provides free movement of the shields when they are heated to a high temperature relative to the ball ok the frame of the shelter and the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella with the provision of reliable fastening of the shields on these beams.

The arrangement of adjacent shields with technological gaps with a size of 20-30 mm and the equipment of the device with overlays that, using fastened pins, for example, welded to the shields, are movably fixed to the shields with the possibility of overlapping technological gaps between the shields with guarantee that prevents interaction neighboring shields at their maximum non-uniform thermal expansion with ensuring guaranteed overlapping of slots between shields by shields during metal work unit. In addition, the presence of technological gaps between adjacent shields facilitates the installation of shields on the frame of the suction umbrella and on the shelter frame, providing the possibility of a movable connection taking into account regulatory tolerances for the size of the shields in their manufacture.

The location of adjacent boards with each other with technological gaps less than 20 mm determines the mutual sliding of the boards during their uneven heating.

The arrangement of adjacent panels with technological gaps exceeding 30 mm is impractical due to the formation of significant gaps between the panels.

The implementation of shelter panels in the area exposed to high temperature, at least two-layer of sheets fastened together with a gap, using a movable connection provides minimal heating of sheets suspended from the shelter frame. This embodiment allows to reduce the temperature stresses in these sheets, contributes to their minimum thermal expansion and increase the reliability of fastening of boards. In this case, the sheets facing the inside of the shelter are able to expand freely when heated relative to the sheets suspended from the shelter frame, which, in turn, are able to expand freely when heated relative to the shelter frame. In addition, with such a design of the shields, due to the reduction of the secondary thermal radiation from the minimally heated sheets fixed on the shelter frame, the temperature stresses in the frame are reduced, namely, in that area of the shelter that is most exposed to high temperature.

The essence of the claimed device for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 is a General view of a device for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units such as a converter;

- figure 2 - the node And the mounting of vertical panels in figure 1;

- figure 3 is a section along BB in figure 2;

- figure 4 is a section of the suction umbrella on BB in figure 1;

- figure 5 is a section of a two-layer shield with a node for its attachment to the frame according to G-G in figure 1;

- figure 6 is a section of two adjacent panels along BB in figure 1.

The drawings are marked with the following notation:

1 - vertical racks,

2 - inclined beams;

3 - horizontal beams;

4 - beams for attaching vertical panels;

5 - beams for attaching inclined panels;

6 - beams for attaching horizontal panels;

7 - suction umbrella;

8 - vertical shields;

9 - inclined boards;

10 - horizontal boards;

11 - upper longitudinal beams of the frame of the suction umbrella;

12 - horizontal panels of the suction umbrella;

13 - a bracket;

14 - finger;

15 - hairpins;

16 - overlay;

17 - lateral longitudinal beams of the frame of the suction umbrella;

18 - vertical panels of the suction umbrella;

19 - a bracket;

20 - finger;

21 - multilayer shields;

22 - sheet;

23 - sheet;

24 - pin;

25 - distance bushings;

26 - overlay;

27 - overlay;

28 - hairpins;

29 - the puck.

In a specific manufacturing example, a device for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units, such as a converter, comprises a shelter frame consisting of vertical posts 1, inclined beams 2 and horizontal beams 3. Vertical posts 1 are interconnected by beams 4. The inclined beams 2 are interconnected by beams 5. Horizontal beams 3 are interconnected by beams 6. The frame of the suction umbrella 7 is mounted on the horizontal beams 3 of the shelter frame. On the beams of the shelter frame with the possibility of movable connection, vertical shields 8, inclined shields 9 and horizontal shields are installed. On the upper longitudinal beams 11 of the frame of the suction umbrella 7, horizontal shields 12 are mounted with the possibility of movable connection.

On the beams 4 of the shelter frame connecting the vertical uprights 1 of the frame, vertical shields 8 are installed using brackets 13 fixed to them with fingers 14, which with a gap cover the beams 4.

On the beams 5 of the frame connecting the inclined beams 2 of the frame, the inclined shields 9 are installed using pins 15 mounted on the shields and slats 16 freely mounted on the beams 5 with holes in which the pins 15 are freely mounted.

On the beams 6 of the frame connecting the horizontal beams 3 of the frame, the horizontal shields 10 are connected using pins 15 mounted on them and slats 16 freely mounted on the beams 6 with holes in which the pins 15 are freely mounted.

On the lateral longitudinal beams 17 of the frame of the suction umbrella 7, vertical shields 18 are installed using brackets 19 and pins 20 fixed to them with holes for cotter pins.

In the area of the shelter, which is most exposed to high temperature, the shields 21 are made of two layers of sheets fastened together with a gap and using a movable joint. The shields 21 are made up of sheets 22 facing inward of the shelter and sheets 23 suspended from the shelter frame. The sheets 22 and 23 are fastened together with a gap and using a movable joint formed from pins 24 welded to the sheets 22, spacer sleeves 25 and plates 26.

Adjacent shelter boards, for example, vertical boards 8 (Fig.6), are located in a specific example with a technological gap d, the size of which is 25 mm

The device is equipped with plates 27, which are attached to one of the adjacent panels with pins 28 and washers welded to these pins 29. Holes are made in the plates 27, due to which the studs 28 pass freely, which ensures the movable fastening of the plates 27 when they overlap the specified technological clearances.

A device for capturing fugitive emissions from metallurgical units works like this. For example, when steel is being released, slag is drained from the converter, or cast iron is cast, vertical shields 8, inclined shields 9 and horizontal shelter shields 10, horizontal shields 12 and vertical shields 18 of the suction umbrella are heated. During thermal expansion of the vertical shields 8 in the horizontal direction, the brackets 13 move along the beams 4 of the shelter frame. The expansion of the vertical shields 8 in the vertical direction is compensated by the gaps between the brackets 13 with the fingers 14 and the beams 4 and the gaps between adjacent shields. During thermal expansion, inclined shields 9 and horizontal shelter shields 10 move freely on the studs 15 with overlays 16 freely mounted on the beams 5 and 6 of the shelter frame. During thermal expansion, the horizontal shields 12 of the suction umbrella 7 move freely on the studs 15 with pads 16 freely mounted on the upper longitudinal beams 11 of the frame of the suction umbrella. With the thermal expansion of the vertical shields 18 of the suction umbrella 7 in the horizontal direction, the brackets 19 move along the lateral longitudinal beams 17 of the frame of the suction umbrella 7. The expansion of the vertical shields 18 in the vertical direction is compensated by the gaps between the brackets 19 with the fingers 20 and the beams 17 and the gaps between adjacent shields.

In the area of the shelter, which is most exposed to high temperature, where the shields 21 are made of two layers, the sheets 22, facing the depth of the shelter, expand freely when heated, moving together with the pins 24 and plates 26 relative to the sheets 23 suspended from the shelter frame. In turn, the sheets 23 expand freely when heated relative to the shelter frame, moving together with the studs 15 and plates 16 relative to the beams 6 of the shelter frame. At the same time, due to the reduction of secondary thermal radiation from the minimally heated sheets 23, protected by the sheets 22, the temperature stresses that could lead to the deformation of the frame, namely in the area of the shelter that is most exposed to high temperature, are significantly reduced.

The presence of technological gaps (d = 25 mm) between adjacent shields, for example between vertical shields 8 (Fig.6), provides additional free movement of shields relative to the beams on which they are fixed (for example, beams 4 of the shelter frame), and prevents interaction neighboring shields at their maximum thermal expansion with ensuring guaranteed overlap by movably fixed plates 27 technological gaps between the shields with their uneven thermal expansion.

Thus, during the operation of the metallurgical unit, all shelter shields and the suction umbrella freely move relative to the beams on which they are fixed, which prevents the deformation of the shields under the influence of high temperature, which, in turn, prevents the shelter frame from warping, significant gaps between shelter shields and separation of shields from the shelter frame. All this ensures the preservation of the integrity of the shelter and prevents the release of fugitive emissions beyond the shelter, which, in turn, increases the efficiency of their capture during operation of metallurgical units. In addition, the location of the suction umbrella directly above the front opening of the shelter also prevents fugitive emissions from leaving the boundaries of the suction umbrella. It should also be noted that for such a design of a device for collecting fugitive emissions from metallurgical units, there is no need for expensive repair robots to restore the integrity of the shelter.

Claims (2)

1. A device for capturing fugitive emissions from metallurgical units, containing a shelter with a frontal opening, over which an aspiration umbrella is fixed, characterized in that the shelter frame is made of vertical posts, inclined and horizontal beams with connecting beams, the aspiration umbrella frame is made of beams and fixed on the horizontal beams of the shelter frame, while on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella and the beams of the shelter frame installed shields with the possibility of movable connection, and on Alcoves connecting the vertical racks of the shelter frame, the shields are installed using brackets attached to them with fingers covering the beams of the shelter frame with a gap, and on the beams connecting the inclined and horizontal beams of the shelter frame, and shields on the covers with holes are installed on the beams of the frame of the suction umbrella using studs mounted on the shields that are freely installed in the holes of the pads, the adjacent shields being arranged with technological gaps of 20-30 mm, and the device satisfied with the overlays, which using studs attached to the shields are movably fixed to the shields with the possibility of overlapping technological gaps between adjacent shields. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelter panels in the area exposed to high temperature are made of at least two-layer sheets of sheets fastened together with a gap using a movable joint.

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