RU2369424C1 - Mass transfer contact device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: mass transfer contact device comprises housing, inclined plate arranged on support ring or grate and branch pipes to pour fluid from upper plate onto lower one. There are several inclined plates on aforesaid support ring or grate and furnished with common system to feed fluid onto each plate, common system to receive fluid from the plates and to discharge fluid from the upper plate onto lower one. One plate is arranged at the center of support grate, while the remaining plates are mounted coaxially relative to central one. Layer of each plate consists of carcass and adapter fixed to the carcass. The latter is made up of rods or plates arranged at preset distance between them, while the adapter represents a spiral band, or circular plates located at preset distance between themselves and parallel to horizontal plane of support ring of grate. Rod or plate inclination angle is taken to vary from 110 to 160 degrees. The number of inclined plates is taken to be at least two, while the number of layers in each plate varies from one to two.

EFFECT: increased mass transfer surface, higher efficiency.

Description

The invention relates to contact devices of mass transfer apparatuses intended for direct contact of steam or gas and liquid phases in the processes of rectification, distillation, absorption, desorption, as well as other heat and mass transfer processes in oil and gas processing, chemistry, energy and other industries.

Known patent RU 2081657, B01D 3/26, 06/20/97, in which a contact plate for vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus, comprising a contact pipe mounted on a plate web with a multi-slot swirler inside and a chipper above it, which is equipped with an inner and an outer cylinder located coaxially to the contact pipe installed with a gap to the plate cloth. The lower cut of the outer cylinder of the chipper is located above the liquid level on the plate, and in the annular space between the outer cylinder of the chipper and the contact pipe, a contact nozzle with end caps that are closely adjacent to the walls is installed. The contact nozzle is made in the form of a spiral spiral tape, or in the form of radially arranged plates or a horizontally located catalyst layer.

The disadvantage of this contact plate and common to all horizontal plates, where the vapor or gas flow passes through the liquid layer, is a high hydraulic resistance.

Closest to the proposed invention is a mass transfer contact device (patent RU 2271848 C1, 20.03.02006), comprising a housing, an inclined plate, a device for draining the liquid from the upper plate to the lower one, the inclined plate consisting of several parallel layers with notches placed on the support ring at a given distance between each other. The angle between the horizontal plane of the support ring and the outer side of the outer layer of the plate is taken in the range from 90 to 160 °, the liquid merging from the upper plate to the lower one enters the plate layer that is first in contact with the steam or gas stream, and the steam or gas stream passes through the layers of the plate in series, while the number of layers in the plate is taken at least three.

The disadvantages of this mass transfer device are as follows:

- This device can work efficiently only at gas or steam flow rates 2-3 times higher compared to devices with horizontal plates, with a decrease in gas flow velocity or fluctuations in fluid flow, the mass transfer efficiency decreases sharply.

- The efficiency of mass transfer depends on the diameter of the housing of the mass transfer contact device and with an increase in the diameter of the housing more than 1 m, the efficiency of mass transfer decreases.

The purpose of the invention is the development of a mass transfer device that is able to work effectively with load fluctuations in the gas and liquid phases and with different diameters of the housing of the mass transfer contact device.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the mass transfer contact device comprises a housing, an inclined plate placed on the support ring or grate, and nozzles for draining the liquid from the upper plate to the lower one.

On the support ring or lattice there are several inclined plates having a common fluid supply system for each plate, a common fluid reception system from the plates and draining the liquid from the upper plates to the lower ones. In this case, one plate is placed in the center of the support grid, and all subsequent ring plates are placed coaxially relative to the central plate.

The layer of each plate consists of a frame and a nozzle mounted on the frame. The frame consists of rods or plates placed at a predetermined distance between each other, and the nozzle is made in the form of a spiral spiral tape or in the form of ring plates installed at a predetermined distance between themselves parallel to the horizontal plane of the support ring or lattice.

The angle of inclination of the rods or plates on the side of the attachment of the nozzle between the horizontal plane of the support ring or lattice is accepted in the range from 110 to 160 °. The number of inclined plates placed on the support ring or lattice is taken at least two, and the plate consists of one to two parallel layers.

Due to the use of the above technical solutions, the mass transfer contact device will have the following advantages over the prototype:

- The use of several plates instead of one plate, of which one is central, and the rest are circular, coaxial with respect to the central plate, allows to increase the mass transfer surface by at least 1.5 times.

- The use as a nozzle of a spiral spiral tape, or annular plates parallel to the plane of the support ring or lattice, additionally increases the mass transfer surface by 1.5-2 times, and therefore the mass transfer efficiency.

- The number of layers in the plates by increasing the efficiency of mass transfer is reduced to two or one, depending on the requirements of a particular process.

- The scope of application is expanding, since the mass transfer contact device can work effectively with significant fluctuations in the load of gas and liquid.

- The efficiency of the device does not depend on the diameter of the housing.

- The adopted shape of the plates and their coaxial placement relative to the central plate provides the maximum increase in the mass transfer surface.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 shows a front view of a mass transfer contact device containing one Central inclined and two annular inclined plates placed coaxially relative to the Central plate.

The angle of inclination of the rods or plates of the frame from the attachment side of the nozzle between the horizontal plane of the support ring or lattice adopted 120 °.

Figure 2 shows a sectional front view aa of figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a part of the frame of the first layer of the Central plate without nozzles.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a part of the frame of the first layer of the annular inclined plate without a nozzle.

Figure 5, 6, 7, 8 shows various profiles (sections) of a screw or ring nozzle, mounted on a core or plate of the frame.

Mass transfer contact device (figure 1, 2) consists of a housing 1, a support ring 3 ₂ and a support grid 3 ₁ , on which three inclined plates are placed; one central inclined plate and two annular plates mounted coaxially with respect to the central plate.

Each plate consists of two layers. The layer of each plate consists of a frame in the form of rods 4 ₁ ; 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ ; 4 ₄ ; 4 ₅ ; 4 ₆ and, accordingly, nozzles 5 ₁ ; 5 ₂ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₄ ; 5 ₅ ; 5 ₆ , made in the form of a spiral screw tape, or in the form of annular plates parallel to the horizontal plane of the support ring 3 ₂ or lattice 3 ₁ . The angle of inclination of the frame rods from the attachment side of the nozzle between the horizontal plane of the support ring 3 ₂ or lattice 3 ₁ adopted = 120 °.

The lower ends of the rods of the frames 4 ₁ ; 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ ; 4 ₄ ; 4 ₅ ; 4 _{6 are} fixed on the annular coaxial cameras 2 ₁ ; 2 ₂ ; 2 ₃ fluid intake from nozzle 5 ₁ ; 5 ₂ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₄ ; 5 ₅ ; 5 ₆ . Cameras 2 ₁ ; 2 ₂ ; 2 ₃ , interconnected by channels 2 ₄ , together with nozzles 2 ₅ form a common system for receiving liquid and subsequent discharge to the plates located below.

The upper ends of the rods of the frames 4 ₁ ; 4 ₂ ; 4 ₃ ; 4 ₄ ; 4 ₅ ; 4 ₆ are attached to the cameras 6 ₁ ; 6 ₂ ; 6 ₃ fluid dispensers per plate. Cameras 6 ₁ ; 6 ₂ ; 6 ₃ have grooves (holes) in the side walls and are connected by channels 6 ₄ without grooves, with which form a fluid supply system to the nozzle of the first layer 5 ₁ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 _{5 of} each of the inclined plates.

Mass transfer contact device of figure 1, 2 operates as follows.

The vapor or gas stream flows from the bottom up through the support grid 3 ₁ and then through the nozzle of the first layer 5 ₁ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 _{5 of} each of the plates. Fluid from chambers 6 ₁ ; 6 ₂ ; 6 ₃ through the notch enters the nozzle 5 ₁ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₅ and flows down from top to bottom.

Steam or gas stream in contact with the liquid flowing down the nozzle 5 ₁ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₅ , carries part of the fluid to the nozzle of the second layer 5 ₂ ; 5 ₄ ; 5 ₆ . Fluid from nozzle 5 ₁ ; 5 ₂ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₄ ; 5 ₅ ; 5 ₆ flows into the receiving annular chambers 2 ₁ ; 2 ₂ ; 2 ₃ connected by channels 2 ₄ , and then through nozzles 2 ₅ merges into plates located below. Steam or gas stream after contacting with the liquid on the nozzle of the first and second layers 5 ₁ ; 5 ₂ ; 5 ₃ ; 5 ₄ ; 5 ₅ ; 5 ₆ goes to the plates above. The diameter of the central plate is taken 0.1-0.3 of the diameter of the housing.

The choice of using a spiral spiral tape or ring plates as a nozzle depends on the specific properties used in the process of substances and process parameters. In mass transfer contact devices with a case diameter of less than 1 m, a system for receiving liquid from a nozzle consisting of annular coaxial chambers 2 ₁ can be used as a support lattice; 2 ₂ ; 2 ₃ connected by channels 2 ₄ , while the fluid intake system is installed on the support ring 3 ₂ .

Figure 3 shows a part of the frame 4 _{1 of the} Central plate, the rods of which are supported on the chamber 2 ₁ receiving fluid from the nozzle, and the upper ends of the rods are attached to the chamber 6 ₁ supplying fluid to the nozzle.

Figure 4 shows a part of the frame 4 _{5 of the} annular coaxial plate, the rods of which are supported by the annular coaxial chambers 2 ₂ and 2 ₃ of the fluid flowing from the nozzle, and the upper ends of the rods are attached to the annular chamber 6 _{3 of} the fluid supply to the nozzle.

Figure 5, 6, 7, 8 shows a section (profile) of the nozzle. The profiles in FIGS. 5, 6, 8 are preferably used for the nozzle of the first layer, the profile in FIG. 7 for the nozzle of the second layer.

The indicated options for the shape of the nozzles are not limited. Other forms of nozzles used in industry as pack-type nozzles for contact devices can be used.

The present invention allows to create many mass transfer contact devices for mass transfer processes carried out both under pressure and under vacuum.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2081657 C1, 06/29/97. Contact plate for vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus.

2. Copyright certificate SU 1304840 A1, 4В01D 3/30, 04.23.87. Heat and mass transfer apparatus.

3. Patent RU 2271848 C1, 03.20.2006. Mass transfer contact device.

Claims (2)

1. Mass transfer contact device comprising a housing, an inclined plate placed on a support ring or grate, nozzles for draining fluid from the upper plate to the lower one, characterized in that several inclined plates having a common fluid supply system for each are placed on the support ring or grate plate, the general system for receiving liquid from the plates and draining the liquid from the upper plates to the lower ones, with one plate placed in the center of the support grid, and all subsequent ring plates placed coaxially relative to a neutral plate, wherein the layer of each plate consists of a frame and a nozzle mounted on the frame, and the frame consists of rods or plates placed at a predetermined distance between each other, and the nozzle is made in the form of a spiral spiral tape or in the form of annular plates mounted on a given the distance between them parallel to the horizontal plane of the support ring or lattice, while the angle of inclination of the rods or plates from the attachment side of the nozzle between the horizontal plane of the support ring or lattice is accepted in the range from 110 to 160 °. 2. Mass transfer contact device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of inclined plates placed on the support ring or lattice is taken at least two, and the plate consists of one or two parallel layers.

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