RU2366167C2 - Stashevsky aggregate for oyster cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device includes fenced site of sea area, such as nursery area, floating facilities, oyster wells. Device features floating pipes set in parallel rows and interconnected by cables to form a raft with flexible inflatable containers attached at two sides. Rows of loosely suspended collector cables are rigidly fixated to pipes at equal space from each other. At both sides the raft is connected to winch spools. Raft comprised by floating structures features lifting device with chain wheel or cogwheel gears with drive and arched or tilted guide lines. Lifting device is mounted over belt conveyor on raft comprised by floating structures. Guide lines for running wheels of lifting device are positioned at the edges of the raft. Lifting device is connected at two sides by cables to electric winches. Lengthwise axes of collector cable rows are positioned between cogs of carding device. Carding device can card oysters from collector cable surface for transportation of oysters by belt conveyor to grading and processing department. Wells with young oysters are transported and fixated at raft bottom and placed into water for nursing and fattening to commercial size.

EFFECT: enhanced productivity, improved conditions of oyster keeping.

11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the fishing industry, namely to marine culture.

Known devices for growing oysters, including a fenced area of the sea-nursery, divided into pools. On a tape mesh frame are cages with oysters (Great Soviet Encyclopedia, second ed. T. 44, p. 413 and 414 and a computer DVD DVD France, Brittany).

A disadvantage of the known devices is the use of manual labor, low productivity, at low tide, being on a mesh lenok frame, oysters lose water, this negatively affects growth and their development.

The aim of the invention is to increase productivity and improve the conditions of oysters.

This goal is achieved in that the device is equipped with rows of parallel conveyors made of floating pipes installed in rows parallel to each other, connected by ropes to each other in a raft and drums of winches. The pipes are rigidly fixed rows of freely hanging ropes-collectors through equal segments. The rafts are equipped with a lifting device containing chain or gears with a drive and arcuate or inclined guides mounted above the conveyor belt on floating platforms. The longitudinal lines of the axes of the collector ropes located between the teeth of the combing mechanism are capable of combing the oysters from the surface of the collector ropes, removing and moving them to the sorting and processing workshop using a conveyor belt, planting young oysters in cages, moving them to their original position and installing them above the pipes so that they are immersed in water.

The novelty of the claimed technical solution is due to the fact that due to the floating pipes equipped with collector ropes and a combing, lifting mechanism, an increase in labor productivity is provided

Due to the conveyor belt, the oysters are moved after combing them from the collector ropes to the workshop for sorting and processing and packing them into cages, followed by moving the cages with young oysters to their original position.

Due to the multivariate system of fastening pipes in the raft and the multivariate designs of lifting mechanisms, the expansion of technological capabilities is provided.

In the study of the claimed technical solution for patent scientific and scientific and technical materials, such a combination of features was not found that allows us to judge the novelty and materiality of the claimed features.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for growing oysters top view;

figure 2 shows a cross section of a raft of floating pipes;

figure 3 is the same, the second option;

figure 4 is the same, the third option;

figure 5 is also a top view;

figure 6 - shows a cross section of a lifting device;

figure 7 is the same, the second option;

Fig.8 is the same, the third option;

figure 9 is the same, the fourth option;

figure 10 and 11 shows a diagram of the operation of the combing mechanism.

The device includes a fenced area of the sea-nursery, divided into pools, where there are floating pipes 1 installed in rows parallel to each other. The floating pipes 1 (Fig. 3) are interconnected by ropes 2, forming a raft 3. The raft 3 is connected to the drums 4 of electric hoists 5. On the pipes 1 are rows of freely hanging collector ropes 6 and rings for attaching the ropes 2, made with the possibility of for fastening oysters to the surface of the collector ropes 6 and ropes 2 to the pipes 1. The collector ropes 6 are located at an appropriate equal distance from each other.

Pipes 1 can be connected in a raft in the second embodiment. The second option (figure 2) is the same as the first option, differs from it in that the pipes 1 are provided with floats 7 fixed on the edges of the pipes 1, freely hanging cables-collectors 6 are rigidly fixed on the pipes 1, the pipes 1 are connected on both sides with each other using ropes 2.

The raft 3 may consist of metal rods 8, on which the collector ropes 6 with hanging ends are rigidly fixed. The rods 8 are installed in the guides 9 using rollers. The guides 9 are equipped with pantone floating elements 10. The device is arranged to float metal rods submerged to a depth of 15-25 cm from the water surface and to move the raft 3 along the guides 14 to the hoisting device and vice versa using ropes 2 of the drum 4 of the winch 5.

The lifting device 11 according to the first embodiment is made in the form of a chain drive 12 for transmitting movement from an endless electric motor 13 installed in the inclined guides 14, for translational movement of the floating pipes 1 or metal rods 8 along the horizontal and inclined plane from the bottom up and back with hooks 15. The lifting device 11 is installed on the rails 16 using the running wheels 17. The rails 16 are located on the overpass 18.

The lifting device 11 can be performed in the second embodiment. The second option (Fig.7) is the same as the first option, differs from it in that the inclined guides 14 are equipped with asterisks 19 - mechanisms with triangular protrusions around the circumference, connected to electric motors. The second option is made with the possibility of imparting translational motion to the pipes 1 of the raft 3 using sprockets 19 and ropes 2 of the drums 4 of the winches 5 and moving them along the horizontal surface of the water and the inclined plane of the guides 14 of the lifting mechanism 11 from the bottom up to the combing mechanism 20.

The lifting device 11 can be performed in the third embodiment.

The third option is the same as the first and second options, differs from them in that the guides are made in the form of half rings.

The lifting device 11 can be performed in the fourth embodiment. The fourth option (Fig.9) is the same as the first option, differs from it in that it contains grooved guides 14 made with the possibility of translational movement of short pipes 1 with conical ends into one production line.

The longitudinal lines of the axes of the ropes-collectors 6 with oysters are located between the rows of teeth 21 of the combing mechanism 20. The combing mechanism 20 is made in the form of a plate with a number of sharply final teeth with the possibility of combing the oysters from the surface of the ropes-collectors 6 and removing them onto the conveyor belt 22 with subsequent movement in workshop 23 for sorting and processing and packaging young oysters in cages. The belt conveyor 22 is located on the overpass 18 under the lifting device 11. The floating pipes 1 in the upper base are interconnected by ropes 2, form a lattice 24 on which cages 25 with oysters are placed and fixed for fattening and growing to market size.

The device operates as follows. Sites of the sea are divided into pools and fenced in. Oysters are bisexual. The sex gland of oysters can alternately produce either male or female sex products. Oysters become sexually mature males in the second year of life, after a year there is a sex change, the same individual becomes a female, in the future, sex change occurs once or twice a year from the living conditions. Fertility is very high, large oysters can lay about 6 million eggs. Mature eggs go into the mantle of the cavity, where fertilization and development of the embryo takes place until the stage of formation of the embryonic shell. The larvae enter the water, lead a planktonic life for 10-15 days, and then attach to the freely hanging ropes 6 - to collectors on all sides of the surface. Such settling larvae are called “recession”. Reproduction of oysters can occur at a temperature not lower than 16 ° C. Oysters grow rapidly during the first year of life, and then their growth slows down. Life expectancy up to 30 years. Some species, for example, Japanese oysters, reach up to 42 cm, Far East up to 20 cm, Black Sea up to 9 cm. Oysters live in the coastal zone of the seas to the tidal zone to a depth of 60 m, forming large clusters on sandy or silty soils - oyster banks located near river mouths, where salt water can drop to 16% ₀ . Fencing the nursery area allows you to get rid of the enemies of oysters, such as fish, starfish, crabs, etc. Oysters feed on the movement of cilia of the ciliated epithelium located on the gills, mantle and mouth lobes, creating a flow of water necessary for breathing. Oysters introduce mineral and organic particles into the body. With a complex movement of the cilia, they are sorted and only the food components are suitable for the mouth opening. Oysters, depending on the water temperature, filter from 1 to 3 liters of water per hour, at a water temperature of 5 ° C or lower, the movement of the cilia stops. Oysters absorb small particles of detritus, planktonic algae and small organisms of zooplankton. After a specified period of time, when the oysters have reached the proper weight, we close the electric circuit that feeds the electric winches 5 of the reels 4, the electric motors 13 of the chain drive 12 and the electric motor of the conveyor belt 22. Electric motors rotate the drum 4 of the winch 5 using ropes 2, raft 3, consisting of pipes 1, moves through the lifting device 11, the electric motors 13 rotate the chain 12, it hooks with hooks 15 and moves each pipe 1 in series and moves along the inclined guides 14 s from the bottom up to the combing mechanism 20, it combes out simultaneously from each pipe 1 or metal rod 8 from all the hanging oversized collector cables 6 of all oysters, they fall onto the conveyor belt 22 and move the moving ribbon to the workshop 23 for sorting and processing young healthy oysters in cages 25. Sorted young oysters are packed in cages 25 and returned to their original position, placed and fixed on the upper part of the raft 3, flooded to a depth of 15-20 cm. In such a way that regardless of the tides and ebbs From the sea they were constantly submerged in the upper part of the raft.

The lifting device can work in the second embodiment. The second option (Fig. 7) is the same as the first option, differs from it in that the raft 3 pipes move along the horizontal surface of the water and the inclined surface of the lifting mechanism using three sprockets 19 on both sides of the lifting device 11 and using ropes 2 reels 4 winch 5 simultaneously.

The lifting device 11 may operate in a third embodiment. The third option is the same as the second option, differs from it in that it contains arc guides 14.

The lifting device 1 can work in the fourth embodiment. The fourth option (Fig.9) is the same as the first option, differs from it in that the movement of the pipes 1 does not occur in a whole raft, but with one production line along one pipe, deployed in the perpendicular direction.

After removing all the oysters from the surface of the collector ropes 6 from one raft 3, the lifting device 11 is moved, rolled on wheels 17 along the rails 16 along the overpass 18 using ropes 2 from one place to another row of the raft 3 using the rope 2 of the electric winch drum 5.

After removing all the oysters from the surface of the collector ropes 6, the raft 3 with empty freely hanging collector ropes 6 is moved to its original position. When moving the raft 3 with the collector ropes 6 using the electric motor of the conveyor belt 22, cages 25 with young oysters are moved from the workshop 23 to the surface of the raft 3. The cages 25 are placed on the surface of the raft 3 on the grate 24 and fixed in the proper position. In this case, the cages 25 are immersed in water. The surface of the cages 25 is from the surface of the water at a depth of 15-25 cm. Oysters, being in the water, filter the water using cilia of ciliated epithelium on the gills, mantle and oral cavity. The flow of water necessary for respiration is created, and mineral and organic particles, small planktonic algae and small particles of zooplankton are introduced into the body. The complex movement of the cilia is the sorting and movement of food into the body. Depending on the water temperature, oysters are filtered from 1 to 3 liters of water per hour.

Claims (1)

A device for growing oysters, including a fenced area of the sea-nursery, floating structures, cages with oysters, characterized in that it is equipped with floating pipes that are installed in rows parallel to each other and connected by ropes in a raft with flexible inflatable tanks fixed on both sides, the pipes are rigidly fixed with rows of freely hanging collector ropes that are located at an equal distance from each other, the raft on both sides is connected to the winch drums, while the raft connected from Aircraft structures, equipped with a lifting device containing chain or gears with a drive and arcuate or inclined guides, and the lifting device is installed above the conveyor belt on a raft connected from floating structures, along the edges of the specified raft there are rails for moving the running wheels of the lifting device along them, which is connected on both sides with electric hoists using ropes, the longitudinal axis of the rows of collector ropes being located between the teeth of the comb a mechanism made with the possibility of combing oysters from the surface of the collector ropes for conveyance of the oysters by means of a conveyor belt to the sorting and processing workshop, while cages with young oysters are moved and fixed on the rafts floor, and then placed in water to grow and fatten the oysters to market size .

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