RU2360406C1 - Preparation for control over territorial marks of domestic cat - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal breeding.

SUBSTANCE: preparation refers to control over territorial marks of domestic cat. The preparation contains an analogue of pheromones of cat facial glands, attractant and neutraliser of urinary odour at specified ratio of components. As analogue of pheromones of cat facial glands it contains oleic acid of pheromone purity or mixture of fat acids, or their derivatives. As attractant it contains extract of natural attractants or their active substances, or synthetic derivatives, or their mixtures. As neutraliser of urinary odour it contains water mixture consisting of absorber of urinary odour, of surface active substance, of low molecular alcohol or glycol and preservative at specified ratio of components.

EFFECT: reduced time for arresting marks of animals and reduced concentration of expensive pheromone analogue.

4 cl, 11 ex

Description

The invention relates to means for caring for animals and adjusting their behavior, and relates, in particular, to controlling territorial marks of a domestic cat, the purpose of which is to directly eliminate urinary odor, and to correct behavior and reduce stress for the purpose of prevention, i.e. . prevention and prevention of territorial marks and the creation of the proposed means of favorable living conditions for both animals and humans.

Cats are territorial animals and mark their territory with different odorous signals (pheromones). When a domestic cat actively marks the borders of the territory with urine (“territorial” or “aggressive” pheromone) and sharpens its claws on furniture and walls in the most visible places, then it protects its territory. Animals leave marks with urine also under stress. Such animal marks, especially spraying urine on vertical surfaces, are a widespread problem, especially when keeping several animals. Urine left untreated causes serious damage to the home environment, creates extremely unpleasant domestic odors.

Existing methods for solving the problem of urinary marks are different. One known solution is sterilization of the animal. Since urine spraying is a form of territorial labeling, castrated cats and cats can spray urine under threat or stress even after sterilization. Sterilization often reduces the scope of feline labels, but in many cases, this nebulization of urine continues. And this method is not suitable if the animal is used for breeding.

It also offers the work of professionals in the field of animal behavior as a corrective measure. This method has very limited use.

One of the important reasons for this behavior of a domestic cat (spraying urine) is stress, in particular when keeping several animals. Therefore, to reduce stress, veterinarians use drugs, in particular hormones and sedatives, including tranquilizers and antidepressants. At the same time, it helps some animals, but not others, and, moreover, animals often become apathetic, lethargic or show negative reactions to drugs that were originally developed for humans.

Other methods of controlling the urine marks of a domestic cat include items of special clothing for the animal with absorbent pads (US Pat. 5,005,525 and 5,226,386), as well as various devices that cover walls and furniture to protect these areas from sprayed urine (US Pat. .6,089,188 and 6,860,239). These methods are inconvenient and can lead to an increase in stress of the animal and, as a consequence, an increase in urinary marks.

Finally, another method of solving the problem is to use animal-friendly odors. The fact is that animals do not mark places with "friendly" smells. Therefore, the regular use of funds with such odors directly on any surfaces that the animal marks or where it is intended to leave marks on them, can gradually displace urine odors and lead to a decrease (gradually to the cessation) of urinary marks.

Attractants have historically been used as such “friendly” odors: catnip grass (Nepeta Cataria), valerian root (especially Valeriana officinalis), actinidia (Actinidia polygama) and others. Modern industrial products contain both extracts of these plants and pure active ingredients - Nepalactone (the active principle of catnip) and actinidia (the active principle of valerian root and actinidia), as well as their mixtures and various synthetic derivatives.

Recently, feline pheromone analogues of feline facial glands have been used as "friendly" odors. If the cat is cozy and comfortable, then she rubs her face on the corners of the furniture and the wall, on the owner, leaving her own secret of the facial glands (pheromone of the "friendly" territory), i.e. smell, which means it’s calm and safe here. It is clear that cats never make urine marks where they rubbed their faces and left a “friendly” smell of their facial glands. Therefore, the use of such pheromones is another solution to the problem of urinary marks. And this became possible after deciphering the composition of pheromones of the cat’s facial glands (P. Pageage, Functions and uses of the facial pheromones in the treatment of urine marking in the cat. Interest of a structural analogue. Proceedings of XXIst Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association , Jerusalem, Israel, 1996, pp 197-198). The author of this study French veterinarian Patrick Pageat created means (US Patent 5,709,863: ⁸ IPC A01N 37/06; A01N 65/00; A61K 035/78; A61K 031/20.) Struggle for territorial urinary markers of the domestic cat, including the analogue cat pheromone facial glands, which is a mixture of fatty acids or their derivatives, and an attractant, which is an extract of valerian. The described agent is an aqueous emulsion containing from 5 to 32% of the pheromone analogue of feline facial glands and from 0.25 to 0.8% of valerian extract. The pheromone analogue includes a mixture of oleic acid from 62% to 86%, azelaic acid from 6% to 13%, pimelic acid from 9% to 12% and palmitic acid from 13% to 24%. Specifically, the agent is an aqueous emulsion containing 8% of a mixture consisting of oleic acid 68%, azelaic acid 8%, pimelic acid 9% and palmitic acid 15%, and also containing 0.5% Valeriana officinalis extract of valerian species as an attractant. This tool is the closest to the present invention by its result and technical essence and is intended to combat territorial marks of domestic cats with the goal of both eliminating urinary odor and prevention, i.e. preventing their occurrence - adjusting the behavior of the animal and reducing stress in the latter.

However, known means using "friendly" odors have several disadvantages. Firstly, they are not effective enough. When using them, the animal continues to leave urine marks for a long time, gradually reducing their number. Secondly, these funds are expensive and require regular and very long-term use in many places, which is becoming too expensive for many pet owners.

The present invention is the creation of a cheaper and more effective means of combating the territorial marks of a domestic cat, capable of eliminating urinary odor in a shorter period with a lower content of an expensive analogue of feline facial pheromones and attractants.

The task is achieved by the proposed tool for combating territorial marks of a domestic cat, consisting of an analogue of pheromones of the cat facial glands and an attractant, the distinguishing feature of which is that it additionally contains a neutralizer of urinary odor in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Cat pheromone analog 0.01-1 Attractant 0.0001-0.5 Urinary odor neutralizer 98-99.9

Mixtures of fatty acids or their derivatives, in particular those described in US Pat. US 5,709,863, for example, a mixture of 68% oleic acid, 8% azelaic acid, 9% pimelic acid and 15% palmitic acid. In addition, can be used as more expensive and complex formulations, which are closer to the composition of natural pheromones (for example, US Pat. UK 2345635), and simple, for example, one oleic acid of pheromone purity.

As an attractant, extracts of known natural attractants can be used, for example, catnip grass (Nepeta Cataria), valerian root plants (e.g. Valeriana officinalis) (US Pat. 5,709,863), actinidia (Actinidia polygama), or active substances of natural attractants, for example, Nepetalactone, Iridomyrmecin, Bosniacin, Actinidine or their synthetic derivatives, for example, Epinepetalactone, Dihydronepetalactone, Isodihydronepetalactone, Neonepetalactone, 5,9-Dehydronepetalactone, Oniculactone, Mitsihacholactolactone, Mitsihacholactolactone, Dolcetolactone , Digidroaktinidiolid, 7 and 4-metiltsiklopentapiranony metilbenzofuranony (Pat. UK 2,345,635 A), 7-methyl-2-pyridine or mixtures thereof.

In addition, to enhance the effectiveness of the "friendly" smell, facial pheromone analogues and attractants can be introduced in various ways, for example, in microencapsulated form (US Pat. US 6,500,862 and US Pat. UK 2,345,635 A).

As a neutralizer of urinary odor, any suitable composition can be used, which, firstly, binds odorous urinary components, secondly, is chemically neutral to sources of friendly odor, and thirdly, does not introduce the smells of “aggression” for a domestic cat. The effectiveness of the action of neutralizers of urinary odor can be evaluated instrumentally and organoleptically (Example 1). Moreover, a person’s nose is preferable because it is more perfect than the available simple instrumental methods.

As a neutralizer, the most effective, but not unique, compositions are an aqueous mixture containing an absorber of urine odor, surfactants, low molecular weight alcohol or glycol and a preservative in the following ratio, wt.%:

Urinary odor absorber 0.1-20 Surfactant 0.001-8 Low molecular weight alcohol or glycol 0.001-5 Preservative 0.0001-3 Water rest

Compounds from the classes of water-soluble cyclodextrins, low molecular weight polyethylene glycols (PEGs), polyols (for example, US Pat. that release organic amines when they are reacted with urine (e.g. ethanolamine carboxylate and sulfonate), amides (e.g. formamide, acetamide, propionamide, butylamide), or mixtures thereof.

Surfactants use surfactants that provide surface tension from 20 dynes / cm to 60 dynes / cm, namely anionic surfactants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium xylene sulfonic acid or nonionic surfactants, such as ethoxylated alcohols and phenols, ethoxylated fatty acids, twins or mixtures thereof.

As low molecular weight alcohols or glycols, for example, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, isoamyl alcohol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers or mixtures thereof are used.

As a preservative, for example, compounds from the group of 1,2-benzo-isothiazole-3 (2H) -ones, parabens, imidazolidinyl ureas, quaternary ammonium salts, polyguanidines or a mixture thereof, for example, industrial mixtures of 5-chloro-2-methyl- 4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (Microker SV, Cato CG), methyl and ethyl parabens (Kemaben), benzalkonium chloride or hexadecylpyridinium chloride.

Additionally, the composition may include other known components that enhance its action and meet the above requirements for the Converter. In particular, inorganic metal salts, for example, copper and zinc chlorides in an amount of 0.005-0.01% (US Pat. No. 4,469,674 and 3,172,817). Other known components that enhance the neutralization of urinary odor are water-soluble polymers, for example polyacrylic acids or their salts, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol in an amount of 0.001-0.1%; chelating agents, for example, sodium salts of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or a mixture thereof in an amount of 0.001-0.1% (US Pat. No. 5,395,555), as well as mixtures of enzymes, preferably carbohydrases, lipases and proteases, and other enzymes that break down the smell source the amount of 0.0001-0.002% (US Pat. 5,443,656 and 6,833,342). The composition may also include an effective amount of a urease inhibitor, in particular extracts from a Yucca plant (Yucca Schidigera) or Quilaja bark (US Pat. No. 5,503,766). In addition, the composition may include other components that give it additional properties, such as acidity regulators (e.g. citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid and their salts), suspending agents (e.g. polyalkyleneimines), sodium hexametaphosphate, octylphenoxypoly (ethoxyethanol), corrosion inhibitors (e.g. sodium benzoate), antimicrobials, and others.

EXAMPLES

Example 1. The methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of the odor neutralizer. A piece of filter paper is evenly moistened with cat urine, dried at room temperature and cut into equal parts. One part is treated with a Ceva Feliway® industrial spray (pure feline pheromone analog of facial glands, US Pat. No. 5,709,863) and left for comparison (reference sample), the rest is treated with test formulations until slightly moistened, dried for 30 minutes and compared with a reference sample. The odor level is controlled using a gas analyzer (ammonia) in comparison with the reference sample under the same conditions and organoleptically. It is known that the human nose is much more effective than many instrumental methods of analysis in detecting low concentrations of especially odorous compounds (for example, skatol, indoles, mercaptans).

Test results for different formulations.

The components of the neutralizer are arranged in the following order: an absorber of urine odor, a surfactant, low molecular weight alcohol or glycol, a preservative, and additional components (the relative decrease in the level of ammonia compared to the reference is indicated in parentheses, number of times):

a) Alpha-cyclodextrin 1%, sodium salt of xylene sulphonic acid 0.8%, ethanol 2%, microker CB 0.001%, water up to 100% (2.8);

b) Beta-cyclodextrin methylated 1%, syntanol ALM 2%, isopropanol 1.5%, cato CG 0.001%, polyethyleneimine 0.01%, EDTA disodium salt 1%, zinc chloride 0.02%, water up to 100% (2.9);

c) PEG-40 8%, tween-20 and tween-80 each 0.5%, propylene glycol 2%, chlorhexidine 0.01%, acrylic copolymer 0.1%, octylphenoxypoly (ethoxyethanol) 0.2%, triethanolamine 0.1%, Odor Digestor enzyme mixture (Sunnithry, South Africa) 0.0001%, water up to 100% (3.0);

d) Alpha-cyclodextrin 0.8%, sodium laureth sulfate 0.5%, isopropanol 1%, CB microker 0.001%, octylphenoxypoly (ethoxyethanol) 0.05%, water up to 100% (2.6);

e) Sorbitol 5%, sodium laureth sulfate 0.8%, propylene glycol 2%, CG caton 0.001%, Yucca extract 0.01%, water up to 100% (1.7);

f) PEG-40 20%, tween-20 8%, ethanol 5%, methyl paraben 0.0001%, water up to 100% (2.6);

g) Alpha-cyclodextrin 0.1%, sodium salt of xylene sulphonic acid 0.001%,

propylene glycol 0.001%, benzalkonium chloride 3%, water up to 100% (2.7);

h) Sorbitol 5%, tween-80 0.01%, isopropanol 0.01%, Kemaben 0.0001%, water up to 100% (1.7).

Example 4

Urinary odor neutralizer (composition from Example 1c): PEG-40 8%, Tween-20 and Tween-80 at 0.5%, propylene glycol 2%, chlorhexidine 0.01%, water up to 100%. Additional components: acrylic copolymer 0.1%, octylphenoxypoly (ethoxyethanol) 0.2%, triethanolamine 0.1%, a mixture of Odor Digestor enzymes (Sunnitri, South Africa) 0.0001%. Friendly smell source: a mixture of 0.68 g of oleic acid methyl ester, 0.08 g of azelaic acid methyl ester, 0.09 g of pimelic acid methyl ester, 0.15 g of palmitic acid methyl ester, 0.05 g of 5-aminovalerianic acid and 0.03 g of butyric acid (feline pheromone facial gland analog ), 1 ml of alcoholic extract of catnip grass and 10 mg of lactone 7-methylcyclopentapiranone (attractant) is dispersed in a homogenizer in 100 ml of a 0.6% aqueous solution of sodium alginate at 40 ° C, then an excess of 2.5% aqueous solution is added dropwise to the mixture calcium chloride, spherical formed microparticles are filtered off. Preparation of the agent: a source of friendly odor microencapsulated in the aforementioned manner is dissolved in 1 liter of a neutralizer (i.e., the concentration of a pheromone analog and 0.1% attractant is 0.1%, the rest is a neutralizer).

Example 5

Urinary odor neutralizer (composition from Example 1e): PEG-40 20%, tween-20 8%, ethanol 5%, methyl paraben 0.0001%, water up to 100%.

Friendly Odor Source (U.S. Pat. 5,709,863): a mixture of alcohol solutions consisting of a cat facial pheromone analogue (68% oleic acid, 8% azelaic acid, 9% pimelic acid and 15% palmitic acid) at a concentration of 0.1% and non-pethalactone concentration of 0.001%. Preparation of the agent: 10 ml of a friendly odor source is emulsified in 100 ml of a urine odor neutralizing agent (i.e., the concentration of the pheromone analog is 0.01% and the attractant is 0.0001%, the rest is the neutralizer).

Organoleptically, the samples (a-c, e, g) were practically odorless. Samples (g, d, h) had a residual odor.

Examples 2-7. Tools to combat domestic cat territorial marks

Example 2

Urine odor neutralizing agent (composition from Example 1a): Alpha-cyclo-dextrin 1%, sodium xylene sulfonic acid 0.8%, ethanol 2%, microker CB 0.001%, water up to 100%.

Friendly Odor Source (US Pat. 5,709,863): A mixture of alcohol solutions consisting of a cat facial pheromone analogue (68% oleic acid, 8% azelaic acid, 9% pimelic acid and 15% palmitic acid) at a concentration of 8% and Valerian extract Valeriana officinalis at a concentration of 0.5%.

Preparation of the agent: 10 ml of a friendly odor source is emulsified in 100 ml of a urine odor neutralizer (i.e., the concentration of the pheromone analog is 0.8% and the attractant is 0.05%, the rest is the neutralizer).

Example 3

Urinary odor neutralizer (composition from Example 1b): Beta-cyclodextrin methylated 1%, syntanol ALM 2%, isopropanol 1.5%, cato CG 0.001%, water up to 100%. Additional components: polyethyleneimine 0.01%, EDTA disodium salt 1%, zinc chloride 0.02%.

Friendly odor source: a solution of 1 g of pheromone-grade oleic acid, 0.5 ml of Valeriana officinalis valerian extract, and 10 mg of non-ketalactone in 10 ml of ethanol.

Preparation of the preparation: 10 ml of a friendly odor source is emulsified in 100 ml of a urine odor neutralizing agent (i.e., a concentration of a pheromone analogue of 1% and an attractant of 0.05%, the rest is a neutralizer).

Urinary odor neutralizer (composition from Example 1g): Alpha-cyclodextrin 0.1%, sodium xylene sulfonic acid 0.001%, propylene glycol 0.001%, benzalkonium chloride 3%, water up to 100%.

Friendly Odor Source (U.S. Pat. 5,709,863): A mixture of alcohol solutions; consisting of a pheromone analogue of cat facial glands (68% oleic acid, 8% azelaic acid, 9% pimelic acid and 15% palmitic acid) at a concentration of 10% and Valeriana officinalis Valerian extract at a concentration of 5%.

Preparation of the agent: 10 ml of a friendly odor source is emulsified in 100 ml of a urine odor neutralizing agent (i.e., the concentration of the pheromone analog is 1% and the attractant is 0.5%, the rest is the neutralizer).

Example 7

Urinary odor neutralizer (composition from Example 1h): sorbitol 5%, tween-80 0.01%, isopropanol 0.01%, Kemaben 0.0001%, water up to 100%.

Friendly Odor Source (U.S. Pat. 5,709,863): a mixture of alcohol solutions consisting of a cat facial pheromone analogue (68% oleic acid, 8% azelaic acid, 9% pimelic acid and 15% palmitic acid) at a concentration of 0.1% and actinidia extract Actinidia polygama at a concentration of 5%.

Preparation of the preparation: 10 ml of a friendly odor source is emulsified in 100 ml of a urine odor neutralizing agent (i.e., the concentration of the pheromone analog is 0.01% and the attractant is 0.5%, the rest is the neutralizer).

Example 8. The test results of the proposed tool.

The effectiveness of the preparations is evaluated in comparison with the industrial spray Feliway® company Ceva (pure analogue of feline pheromone of the facial glands, according to US patent 5,709,863). For this purpose, the processing of premises was carried out, in which one non-castrated individual of a purebred male domestic cat lived, according to the scheme in accordance with the instructions for use of the Feliway spray (standard).

Animals (only 4 individuals), the premises of which were treated with Feliway spray in accordance with the instructions, stopped labeling after 2-3 months.

Animals (only 4 individuals), the premises of which were treated with the composition from Example 2, stopped labeling after 4-5 weeks (the neutralizer from Example 1a).

Animals (only 3 individuals), the premises of which were treated with the composition from Example 3, stopped labeling after 4-5 weeks (the neutralizer from Example 1b).

Animals (only 4 individuals), the premises of which were treated with the composition from Example 4, stopped labeling after 3-4 weeks (the neutralizer from Example 1B).

Thus, a means is proposed for combating territorial marks of a domestic cat, which consists of an analogue of pheromones of the cat facial glands and an attractant, characterized in that it additionally contains a neutralizer of urinary odor (pheromone "aggression") in the following ratio of components wt.%: Pheromone analog feline facial glands 0.01-1%, attractant 0.0001-0.5% and a neutralizer of urinary odor 98-99.9%. The proposed tool allows not only to significantly reduce the amount of expensive pheromone analog from 5-32% to 0.01-1% and attractant from 0.25-0.8% to 0.0001-0.5%, but also to achieve the desired effect in a significantly shorter time from 2-3 months to 3 -5 weeks, i.e. synergism of its components is observed. Odor neutralizers (including urinary) are common animal care products. However, they themselves do not affect the intensity of feline territorial labels. The proposed tool due to the combined action of two components - a neutralizer and a source of friendly smell - gives a much greater effect than the sum of its parts, namely, in addition to the expected decrease in the concentration of an expensive pheromone analogue, it also leads to a noticeable reduction in the time to achieve the desired effect.

Claims (4)

1. Means for combating territorial marks of a domestic cat, consisting of an analogue of pheromones of the cat facial glands and attractant, characterized in that it additionally contains a neutralizer of urinary odor in the following ratio, wt.%:
Cat pheromone analog 0.01-1 Attractant 0.0001-0.5 Urinary odor neutralizer 98-99 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, as an analogue of pheromone of the cat facial glands, it contains oleic acid of pheromone purity, or a mixture of fatty acids or their derivatives. 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that as an attractant it contains an extract of natural attractants or their active substances, or their synthetic derivatives, or mixtures thereof. 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that as a neutralizer of urinary odor it contains an aqueous mixture consisting of an absorber of urinary odor, surface-active substances (surfactants), low molecular weight alcohol or glycol and a preservative in the following ratio of components, wt.% :
Urinary odor absorber 0.1-20 Surfactant 0.001-8 Low molecular weight alcohol or glycol 0.001-5 Preservative 0.0001-3 Water rest