RU2359377C1 - Antenna of triple polarisation with dipoles of cloverleaf type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, radio.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to antenna device, which comprises facility for provision of approximation of electric circuit of DC, which is arranged for provision of the first practically toroidal directional pattern, at that antenna device comprises the first and second electric dipoles, which are installed substantially orthogonally to each other and are arranged to provide for the second and third substantially toroidal directional patterns, every of which is substantially orthogonal to the other one and to the first substantially toroidal directional pattern. Facility for approximation of DC electric circuit comprises at least two parts of current tracks, in which current (I₁, I₂, I₃, I₄) may be supplied to every of mentioned parts, so that currents (I₁, I₂, I₃, I₄) in each of mentioned parts are practically cophased to each other.

EFFECT: development of antenna device that comprises facility for provision of DC electric circuit approximation.

7 cl, 15 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an antenna device comprising means for providing an approximation of a direct current electric circuit, said approximation of a direct current electric circuit being designed to provide a first substantially toroidal radiation pattern, the antenna device also comprising first and second electric dipoles, which are arranged substantially orthogonally to each other and are intended to provide the second and third essentially toroidal directional diagrams nnosti, each of which is substantially orthogonal to another and to the first essentially toroidal directivity pattern.

State of the art

The demand for wireless communication systems has steadily increased and continues to grow, and in the process of this growth several stages of technological improvement have been passed. To provide increased throughput of wireless systems through the use of uncorrelated propagation paths, MIMO systems (with multiple inputs and multiple outputs) are considered as the preferred technology for improving throughput. The MIMO system uses several separate independent signal paths, for example, through several transmit and receive antennas. The desired result is to have several uncorrelated antenna ports for reception as well as for transmission.

For a MIMO system, it is desirable to evaluate the channel and continuously update this estimate. This update can be performed by continuously transmitting the so-called pilot signals in a known manner. Channel estimation gives a channel matrix. If several transmitting antennas Tx transmit the signals making up the vector of the transmitted signal to several receiving antennas Rx, then all signals Tx are summed in each of the antennas Rx and a vector of the received signal is formed using a linear combination. By multiplying the vector of the received signal by the inverted channel matrix, a correction is introduced into the channel and initial information is obtained, i.e., if the matrix of the existing channel is known, it is possible to obtain the exact vector of the transmitted signal. Thus, the channel matrix acts as a relationship between the antenna ports of the antennas Tx and Rx, respectively. These matrices have a size M × N, where M is the number of inputs (antenna ports) of the antenna Tx, and N is the number of outputs (antenna ports) of the antenna Rx. This is known to specialists in the field of MIMO systems.

In order for the MIMO system to function efficiently, uncorrelated or at least substantially uncorrelated transmitted signals are required. The meaning of the expression “uncorrelated signals” in this context is that radiation patterns are almost orthogonal. This allows you to have one antenna, if this antenna is designed to receive and transmit at least two orthogonal polarizations. If more than two orthogonal polarizations are to be used for a single antenna, it must be used in a so-called strongly scattering medium with many independent propagation paths, since otherwise it would be impossible to benefit from two or more orthogonal polarizations. It is believed that a strongly scattering medium occurs when many electromagnetic waves coincide at one point in space. Therefore, in a strongly scattering medium, more than two orthogonal polarizations can be used, since many independent propagation paths provide all degrees of freedom of the antenna to be used.

Antennas for MIMO systems can use spatial separation, i.e. physical separation in order to achieve a low correlation between received signals at the antenna ports. This, however, leads to large gratings that are not suitable, for example, for portable terminals. Another way to implement uncorrelated signals is to divide by polarization, i.e. generally in the transmission and reception of signals with orthogonal polarizations.

It was proposed to use three orthogonal dipoles for a three-port MIMO antenna, but such an antenna is difficult to manufacture and requires a lot of space when used at higher frequencies, such as those used for the MIMO system (about 2 GHz).

In the application US 2002/0113748 two preferably orthogonally located dipoles and a contour element are disclosed. As shown in FIG. 5 of the aforementioned application, the contour element has the shape of a ring and is energized at some point in this ring.

Because the diameter of the loop element is proposed to be made up to one wavelength at the operating frequency, thereby indicating that the loop can be several wavelengths long.

However, to obtain a radiation pattern that is substantially orthogonal to the dipole patterns, using the antenna device of US 2002/0113748, one method is to use a small loop. Such a small loop should have a diameter of about a tenth of the wavelength at the operating frequency, which gives an approximation of the element of the electric DC loop. The use of an electric direct current loop or at least sufficient approximation of it is an advantageous way to obtain a radiation pattern that is practically orthogonal to dipole patterns.

Although this is not explicitly proposed in US 2002/0113748, such a small loop antenna can be derived from these documents. However, this small-loop antenna is very narrow-band, and therefore difficult for proper matching, because It has a high reactance and low resistance. Further, such an antenna with a small loop is much smaller than adjacent dipole antennas, which leads to an inconvenient to use design.

Thus, there is a problem with the antenna design of US 2002 / -113748, since the loop element must be very small in order to function as a sufficient approximation of the DC loop element.

The objective problem that is solved by the present invention is to provide an antenna device suitable for a MIMO system and capable of transmitting and receiving on three essentially uncorrelated polarizations, moreover, this antenna device should contain two practically orthogonal dipoles and an approximation of an element of a direct current circuit. This approximation of an element of the DC electric circuit should be easy to match and have a larger bandwidth compared to what can be derived from existing solutions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This objective problem is solved by means of an antenna device of the type described above, characterized in that the means for approximating the direct current circuit contains at least two parts of the current path, where current can be applied to each of these parts, so that the current in each of the aforementioned parts will be in phase with each other.

Preferred embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.

By means of the present invention, several advantages are achieved, for example:

- It turns out an inexpensive antenna device of triple polarization.

- The antenna of triple polarization made in planar technology allows avoiding antenna devices occupying a large space.

- It turns out a triple polarization antenna, which is easy to manufacture.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention is described below in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, where:

Figure 1 shows a four leaf clover type antenna;

Figure 2 shows an ideal radiation pattern for a direct current circuit;

Figure 3 shows two orthogonal dipole antennas;

Figure 4 shows a four leaf clover type antenna with two orthogonal dipole antennas;

5 shows an ideal radiation pattern for a dipole antenna;

6 shows three orthogonal radiation patterns;

7 shows a side view of an antenna device according to the invention, implemented by planar methods;

Fig. 8a shows a four-leaf clover-type antenna implemented in planar methods;

Fig. 8b shows two orthogonal dipole antennas implemented by planar methods;

Fig. 9a shows how the three arms of a vibrator are used to model the first electric dipole;

Fig. 9b shows how the three arms of a vibrator are used to model a second electric dipole;

Fig. 10a shows a dipole device according to the first case of the first set;

Fig. 10b shows a dipole device according to the second case of the first set;

11 a shows a dipole device according to a first case of a second set; and

11b shows a dipole device according to the second case of the second set.

Preferred Embodiments

The present invention provides a so-called tri-mode antenna device. This three-mode antenna device is designed to transmit three practically orthogonal radiation patterns.

The so-called four-leaf clover type antenna 1, which is already known, is used in the present invention and is shown in FIG. A four-leaf clover type antenna 1 contains the first 2, second 3, third 4 and fourth 5 loops of a conductive material, for example, a curved copper wire, where loops 2, 3, 4, 5 all for the most part lie in the same plane, the antenna the plane P in the plane of the drawing in figure 1. Each loop 2, 3, 4, 5 extends from a supply conductor 6 having a supply port 7 to a ground conductor 8 leading to ground 9; preferably, they are connected to the same supply conductor 6. The loops 2, 3, 4, 5 are preferably practically the same length and are located next to each other in the form of a symmetrical four-sheeted figure, as shown in figure 1.

If you bypass the first loop 2, then it starts at the first point 10 of the power connection, where it contacts the supply conductor 6, passes clockwise and ends at the first point 11 of the ground connection, where it contacts the ground conductor 8. Second loop 3 located clockwise relative to the first loop 2 also begins at the first point 10 of the power connection, where it is in contact with the supply conductor 6, passes clockwise and ends at the second point 12 of the ground connection, where it Tacts with grounding conductor 8.

The third loop 4, located clockwise relative to the second loop 3, starts at the second power connection point 13, where it contacts the supply conductor 6, passes clockwise and ends at the second ground connection point 12, where it contacts the ground conductor 8. The fourth loop 5, located clockwise relative to the third loop 4, begins at the second point 13 of the power connection, where it is in contact with the supply conductor 6, passes clockwise and ends in the first t chke compound 11 with ground, where it contacts the ground conductor 8.

Each loop 2, 3, 4, 5 contains the arc part 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a of the conductor and the first 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b and the second 2c, 3c, 4c, 5c direct conductive part. The direct conductive parts 2b, 2c of the first loop 2 will form the first 14 and second 15 parallel paired conductive part together with the adjacent direct conductive parts 5c, 3b adjacent to the fourth 5 and second 3 loops. In a similar manner, the third 16 and fourth 17 parallel paired conductive parts are formed. The arc conductive parts 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a extend so that together they form an incomplete substantially annular conductive part. The term "incomplete" means that the annular conductive part is essentially torn between each arc conductive part 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a.

When all loops 2, 3, 4, 5 are powered from the same supply conductor 6, the currents I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ in each loop will all be practically in phase with each other. In particular, in each arc conducting part 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a, the currents I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ will be in phase with the currents I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ in all other arc conducting parts 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a. Further, when the first parallel pair conductive part 14 is considered, the currents I ₁ , I ₄ in the direct conductive parts 2b, 5c included therein flow in opposite directions, canceling each other. The corresponding condition applies to the second 15, third 16 and fourth 17 parallel paired conductive parts.

This means that a four-leaf clover type antenna 1 due to overlapping loops 2, 3, 4, 5 is actually an approximation of a conducting ring, where the current has the same phase throughout the ring. This means that an approximation of the ideal so-called direct current electrical circuit is obtained. The differences of this approximation mainly arise from the fact that the arc conductive parts 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a do not form a complete and accurate circle and that the current I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ in each arc conductive part 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a does not have the same phase along the considered arc conducting part 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a.

You can use more or less loops, and the more loops used, the more arc becomes the approximation of an ideal conducting ring. On the other hand, the more loops used, the more complicated the antenna structure becomes. In the examples of the embodiment shown, a four leaf clover antenna 1 is used. Further, the smaller the clover leaf type antenna used, measured at wavelengths, the better the approximation becomes, since then the current changes to a lesser extent along the arc part under consideration 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a. The wavelength here is preferably called the center wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna device of the invention.

An ideal directivity pattern 18 of a constant current electric loop, which is approximated by a four-leaf clover-type antenna, is shown in FIG. 2 and has the shape of a toroidal ring, where the arc of the toroidal ring essentially follows the arc conductive parts 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a of a four-sheeted antenna of type 1 clover leaf. An ideal direct current circuit directivity pattern 18 of a direct current circuit has a longitudinal plane of symmetry P 'that divides the toroidal ring into two equal circular halves, so that this longitudinal plane of symmetry P' of the toroidal ring coincides with the plane P of a four-leaf clover-type antenna.

According to the present invention, a four-leaf clover-type antenna is formed by the first 19 and second 20 dipoles arranged orthogonally, as shown in FIG. 3, the first 19 and second 20 dipoles being made of conductive material, for example, curved copper wire. The first dipole 19 comprises a first supply part 21 with two parallel conductors 21a, 21b and a first vibrator part 22 containing two dipole vibrators 22a, 22b, where two supply conductors 21a, 21b are bent at an angle of 90 ° so that the conductors or dipole vibrators 22a, 22b now protrude in opposite directions until they reach their ends. The second dipole 20 comprises a corresponding second supply part 23 and a second vibrator part 24 with respective supply conductors 23a, 23b and dipole vibrators 24a, 24b. The conductive parts 21, 22, 23, 24 preferably have substantially the same length.

In Fig. 4, dipoles 19, 20 are located in the center of a four-leaf clover-type antenna, shown conditionally only with arc-conducting parts 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a. Dipoles 19, 20 have their respective supply parts 21, 23, raised perpendicular to the plane P of a four-leaf clover leaf antenna (not shown in FIG. 4), and the corresponding vibrator parts 22, 24 extend almost parallel to the plane of a four-leaf clover leaf antenna. The extension of the first vibrator portion 22 is substantially orthogonal to the extension of the second vibrator portion 24.

An ideal radiation pattern 25 of a dipole antenna 26 having a supply portion 27 and a vibrator portion 28 is shown in FIG. 5 and has the shape of a toroidal ring. The vibrator portion 28 of the dipole antenna 26 forms a central axis around which a toroidal ring of the radiation pattern 25 is formed. In other words, the arched shape of the radiation pattern 25 surrounds the vibrator portion 28 in such a way that the extension of the vibrator portion 28 forms a line of central symmetry for the toroidal ring.

As for the antenna according to the present invention with reference to Fig.6, the obtained antenna diagrams are shown in side view, where the plane P of a four-leaf clover-shaped antenna extends perpendicular to the plane of the sheet.

A four-leaf clover type antenna 1 creates a first toroidal radiation pattern 29 having a first longitudinal plane of symmetry P 'of the toroidal ring. The first radiation pattern 29 is marked with oblique lines that rise from left to right.

The first dipole antenna 19 creates a second toroidal radiation pattern 30 having a second longitudinal plane of symmetry P ″ of the toroidal ring, which coincides with the plane of the sheet or is parallel to it and orthogonal to the first longitudinal plane of symmetry P ′ of the toroidal ring. The second radiation pattern 30 is shaded by oblique lines extending from left to right.

The second dipole antenna 20 creates a third toroidal radiation pattern 31 having a third longitudinal plane of symmetry P ″ ″ of the toroidal ring, which is orthogonal to both the first longitudinal plane of symmetry P ″ of the toroidal ring and the second longitudinal plane of symmetry P ″ of the symmetry of the toroidal ring. Thus, we have the first P ', the second P' 'and the third P' '' of the plane. The third radiation pattern 31 is shaded by horizontal lines.

Ideally, as shown in FIG. 6, these patterns 29, 30, 31 have the same phase center, but practically the second 30 and third 31 patterns can be raised or lowered relative to the first pattern 29. Such a deviation should preferably be small when measured in wavelengths, for example, about λ / 10, where λ is the center wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna device.

Because the longitudinal planes P ', P' ', P' '' of the symmetry of the toroidal ring are orthogonal to each other, radiation patterns are orthogonal to each other according to the definition below.

As a result, three different toroidal radiation patterns 29, 30, 31 are obtained by the present invention, where each radiation pattern is orthogonal to the other.

Since the radiation patterns are orthogonal, the correlation is zero, where the correlation ρ can be written as:

In the above equation, Ω represents a surface, and the symbol * means complex conjugation. To integrate the radiation pattern, Ω represents a closed surface containing all spatial angles, and when this integration is zero, there is no correlation between the radiation patterns, i.e. radiation patterns are orthogonal to each other. The denominator is a normalizing expression.

The presence of three at least substantially orthogonal radiation patterns is highly desirable since this provides uncorrelated parallel channels in a highly scattering medium, i.e. rows in the channel matrix can be independent. This in turn means that the present invention is applicable to MIMO systems.

In the first embodiment described above, the four-leaf clover-type antenna and the first and second dipoles are made of curved wire, for example, copper wire. Any other conductive material may fulfill this function of the present invention.

In the second embodiment, the four-leaf clover-type antenna and the first and second dipoles are made by the planar method, making up the microstrip antenna. As conventionally shown in Fig. 7, the tri-mode antenna according to the present invention comprises first 32, second 33, third 34 and fourth 35 copper-plated dielectric thin layers (laminates), for example, Teflon-based layers placed on top of each other. By removing copper on the layers 32, 33, 34, 35, various conductive structures can be formed. Copper can be removed by etching or, alternatively, milling.

In Fig. 7, the first 32, second 33, third 34 and fourth 35 layers, each having first first 36, 37, 38, 39 and second side 40, 41, 42, 43, are shown on the side, forming a multilayer structure. The multilayer structure has a top 44, a bottom 45 and a first 46, a second 47 and a third 48 intermediate sections, where each intermediate section 46, 47, 48 is formed between two adjacent layers.

At the top 40, on the first side 36 of the first layer 32, dipole vibratory parts are formed. Below, in the first intermediate section 46 between the first 32 and the second 33 layer, parts of a four leaf clover type antenna are formed either on the second side 40 of the first layer 32 or on the first side 37 of the second layer 33. On the unused side, all the copper is removed.

Further down, in the second intermediate section 47 between the second 33 and third 34 layers, the leaves of the four leaf are combined so that each loop is connected to a common supply line and a common ground through through holes (not shown) connecting the first 46 and second 47 intermediate sections. Next, an integrated circuit is formed either on the second side 41 of the second layer 33 or on the first side 38 of the third layer 34. On the unused side, all the copper is removed.

Further down, in the third intermediate section 48 between the third 34 and fourth 35 layers, the dipole vibrator parts are combined so that they are connected to the corresponding supply lines and common ground through through holes (not shown) connecting the top 44 and the third intermediate section 42. Further, in the third intermediate section 48, a four-leaflet feed line is formed by through holes (not shown) connecting the second 47 and third 48 intermediate sections. The four-leaf feed line is connected to a clover leaf antenna connector 49 at the edge of the multilayer structure. Thereby, an integrated circuit is formed either on the second side 42 of the third layer 34 or on the first side 39 of the fourth layer 35. On the unused side, all the copper is removed.

At the bottom 45, on the second side 43 of the fourth layer 35, a dipole feed line is formed for each dipole through holes (not shown) connecting the second intermediate section 47 and the bottom 45. Each dipole feed line is connected to the connector 50 of the dipole antenna (only one is shown ) on the edge of the multilayer structure.

An example of how etched clover leaf vibrators and their feed through holes may look like is shown in Fig. 8a. Shown here is an etched four-leaf clover type antenna 1 containing the first 2, second 3, third 4 and fourth 5 loops. Each loop is connected to a respective first 51, second 52, third 53 and fourth 54 through hole. These through holes 51, 52, 53, 54 are attached to one point at another point, in the example of FIG. 7 in another layer. A fifth central central through hole 55 is also provided, which ultimately leads to two leads for supplying a four-leaf clover leaf antenna 1, and in the example of FIG. 7, these leads are accessible via a clover leaf connector 49.

Next, FIG. 8b shows an example of what etched dipole vibrators and their feed through holes might look like. At the first dipole 19, its dipole vibrators 22a, 22b are connected to the corresponding first 56 and second 57 dipole through holes. At the second dipole 20, its dipole vibrators 24a, 24b are connected to the corresponding first 58 and second 59 dipole through holes. These through holes 51, 52, 53, 54 preferably lead to a different level, as described in the example of FIG. 7, where each dipole is accessible through a connector 50 corresponding to the through holes 56, 57, 58, 59 of each dipole.

Due to reversibility, for the described transmission properties of all three-mode antenna devices, there are corresponding identical reception properties, as is known to specialists, allowing a three-mode antenna device to both transmit and receive in three practically uncorrelated operating modes.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which should be considered only as examples of the present invention, but may be freely varied within the scope of the attached claims.

For example, it is not necessary to have two discrete dipole antennas. To achieve the described dipole radiation patterns, two electric dipoles must be implemented, which does not necessarily mean that two discrete dipole antennas are required. Two electric dipoles can be obtained by using only three dipole vibrators — the first 60, the second 61 and the third 62 dipole vibrators, each of which extends outward from the center point, as shown in FIGS. 9a and 9b. The central ends of the dipole vibrators are connected to the supply device 63 by means of suitable supply wires 64, 65, 66. These three dipole vibrators 60, 61, 62 extend in such a way that an angle of substantially equal to 60 ° is formed between them, i.e. they can pass symmetrically. Further, for the positive direction of the current, the direction from the center to the outside is taken.

In the first mode of operation, as shown in FIG. 9a, the first dipole vibrator 60 is energized by a current having a relative amplitude of −√2, the second dipole vibrator 61 is energized by a current having a relative amplitude of √2, and the third dipole vibrator 62 is energized by a current having a relative amplitude 0. The resulting first electric dipole 67 (marked with dashed lines) is directed essentially perpendicular to the third dipole vibrator 62.

In the second mode of operation, as shown in FIG. 9b, the first dipole vibrator 60 is energized with a current having a relative amplitude of -1 / √2, the second dipole vibrator 61 is energized with a current having a relative amplitude of -1 / √2, and the third dipole vibrator 62 is energized the current having a relative amplitude of 1. The resulting second electric dipole 68 (marked with dashed lines) is directed essentially parallel to the third dipole vibrator 62.

Thus, two orthogonal electric dipoles 67, 68 are obtained using only three dipole vibrators 60, 61, 62.

It is also possible to use electric dipoles arranged in a circle instead of the clover leaf type antenna configuration described above to realize an approximation of the direct current circuit.

In the first embodiment of FIGS. 10a and 10b, the first 69, 69 ', the second 70, 70' and the third 71, 71 'electric dipoles, each preferably in the form of a dipole antenna, are placed in the shape of an equilateral triangle 72, 72'. Inside this triangle 72, 72 ′, two more orthogonal electric dipoles (not shown) are placed by any of the previously described methods.

In the second embodiment of FIGS. 11a and 11b, the first, 73, 73 ′, second 74, 74 ′, third 75, 75 ′ and fourth 76, 76 ′ electric dipoles, each preferably in the form of a dipole antenna, are placed in the shape of a square 77, 77 '. Inside this square 77, 77 'are two more orthogonal electric dipoles (not shown) by any of the previously described methods.

In the first case of FIGS. 10a and 11a, the corresponding dipole supply conductive parts 78, 79, 80; 81, 82, 83, 84 are located in the middle of each side of triangle 72 or square 77, respectively. This leads to the fact that each individual electric dipole 69, 70, 71; 73, 74, 75, 76 is almost straightforward.

In the second case of FIGS. 10b and 11b, the corresponding dipole supply conductive parts 78 ', 79', 80 '; 81 ', 82', 83 ', 84' are placed in each corner of the triangle 72 'or square 77', respectively. This leads to the fact that each individual electric dipole 69 ', 70', 71 '; 73 ', 74', 75 ', 76' is located at an angle of 60 ° for a triangle and 90 ° for a square.

The dipoles corresponding to the above should be fed in such a way that the currents (not shown in these figures) in the dipoles are substantially in phase with each other, providing an approximation of the direct current circuit.

For the examples of FIGS. 10a, 10b, 11a and 11b, of course, other geometric shapes are possible. As for the clover leaf type antenna described above, a different number of electric dipoles arranged in a circle can be used. The more electrical dipoles used, the more accurate the approximation of an ideal conducting ring becomes. On the other hand, the more electrical dipoles are used, the more complex the antenna structure becomes.

All the described planes P, P ', P' ', P' '' are imaginary and are added for illustration only.

The multi-layer configuration described with reference to FIG. 7 is only an example of how such placement can be implemented. Many other such configurations are possible within the scope of the invention.

Many other configurations that are made by the planar method are also possible. As mentioned previously, for example, curved wires can be used.

All supply lines connecting the circuit and connectors, which are not disclosed in more detail in the description, are of the well-known type, are easily designed and (or) obtained by specialists.

A clover leaf antenna is not necessary for carrying out the invention; the essence of this part of the antenna device according to the present invention is to provide at least an approximation of the direct current circuit lying in the previously mentioned plane P of a four-leaf clover leaf antenna, which in a more general form constitutes the antenna plane P, in which lies the resulting approximated direct current electric circuit.

A clover leaf type antenna according to the above embodiments is the preferred way to provide such an approximation. The number of clover leaf loops can vary, as mentioned above, but must not be less than two in order to provide any positive effect. The hinges should not lie exactly in the same plane, but may deviate slightly while maintaining the principle of operation. The direction of the electric current may deviate from the open.

Claims (7)

1. An antenna device comprising means (1, 72, 72 ', 77, 77') for providing an approximation of a direct current circuit, the approximation of a direct current circuit being provided to provide a substantially toroidal pattern (29), the antenna device comprising the first (67) and second (68) electric dipoles, which are placed almost orthogonal to each other and are designed to provide the second (30) and third (31) essentially toroidal radiation patterns, each of which is essentially an orth different from the first and first essentially toroidal radiation pattern (29), characterized in that said means (1, 72, 72 ', 77, 77') for approximating a direct current circuit contains at least two parts (2, 3 , 4, 5; 69, 70, 71; 69 ', 70', 71 '; 73, 74, 75, 76; 73', 74 ', 75', 76 ') of the current paths in which the current (I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ) can be submitted to each of the mentioned parts (2, 3, 4, 5; 69, 70, 71; 69 ', 70', 71 '; 73, 74, 75, 76; 73 ', 74', 75 ', 76'), so that the current (I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , I ₄ ) in each of the mentioned parts (2, 3, 4, 5; 69, 70, 71; 69 ', 70', 71 '; 73, 74, 75, 76; 73', 74 ', 75', 76 ') will be substantially in phase with each other. 2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the DC circuit is approximated by an antenna (1) of the type of clover leaf. 3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that the clover leaf antenna is a four-leaf clover antenna (1). 4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the direct current circuit is approximated by at least three circular electric dipoles (69, 70, 71; 73, 74, 75, 76; 69 ', 70', 71 '; 73', 74 ', 75', 76 '). 5. An antenna device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that each of the first and second electric dipoles (67, 68) is formed by a dipole antenna (19, 20), and each dipole antenna (19, 20) has two dipole vibrators ( 22a, 22b; 24a, 24b). 6. Antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each of the first and second electric dipoles (67, 68) is formed by a dipole antenna device containing three dipole vibrators (60, 61, 62) passing from the central points in such a way that between them an angle is formed essentially equal to 60 °, while the dipole antenna device is powered so that electric dipoles are formed (67, 68). 7. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the antenna device is manufactured by the planar method.

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