RU188892U1 - Circular polarized “clover” antenna with capacitive quasi shunts - Google Patents

Abstract

Circular polarized “clover” antenna with capacitive quasi-shunts refers to radio engineering and can be mainly used for installation on mobile and stationary objects as omnidirectional circular polarization antennas with enhanced characteristics for telecontrol and telecommunications, including FPV systems. The utility model can be used on radio links with complex electromagnetic environment, including in the ISM range. The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to expand the range of use of an omnidirectional circular polarization antenna by adjusting the electrical parameters by allowing, without destructive control, the capacitive component of the quasi-cable to match the antenna device with the power cable and thereby increase the efficiency of radio systems. An additional technical result is the ability to adjust the already used quasi-null "clover" antennas during use, with lowered characteristics, especially on mobile carriers in connection with operational deformations. 3 hp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to radio engineering and can be advantageously used for installation on mobile and stationary objects as omnidirectional circular polarization antennas with enhanced characteristics for telecontrol and telecommunication facilities, including for FPV systems. A circular circular polarization antenna with capacitive quasi shunts can be used on radio links with complex electromagnetic conditions, including in the ISM band.

Known omnidirectional circular polarization antenna quasi-zero "clover" (US Pat. RF №166256, publ. 11/20/2016), containing four curved vibrators with linear initial quarter-wave sections, arc sections located perpendicularly in pairs in mutually orthogonal planes, comparable in length to the length of the beam, the length of the beam, located along the length of perpendicularly pairwise in mutually orthogonal planes, is comparable in length to the length of the beam, the length of the beam. located in inclined planes and linear end quarter-wave sections, converging to a common point. The points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections are additionally connected in pairs by a cross to the cross located in the planes of the initial quarter-wave linear sections by connecting conductors, like shunt conductors, “quasi-shunts”, commuting with each other at their intersection point located on the axis of intersection of the planes.

The disadvantages of “clover antennas”, including the prototype antenna, include the dependence of the electrical characteristics of the applied devices when deviating from their calculated dimensions and the complexity of setting up specific applied samples, since they are an openwork design with tightly closed conductor elements. In addition to this, the shoulders of such antennas are single-turn circuits, which, if the finished conductors are not manufactured correctly, and their position in space can lead to an antenna impedance with a reactive component in the form of inductance.

The objective of the present utility model is to eliminate the indicated drawbacks of the prototype and to create a reliable and more technological antenna tuning during production and operation.

The technical result, which is achieved by the claimed utility model, is to expand the range of use of an omnidirectional circular polarization antenna by adjusting the electrical parameters by being able without destructive adjustment of the capacitive component of the quasi unit to match the antenna device with the power cable and thereby increase the efficiency of radio systems. An additional technical result is the ability to adjust already used quasi-null "clover" antennas in use, while reducing the specified characteristics, especially on mobile carriers in connection with operational deformations.

The technical solution is ensured by the fact that the circular polarization antenna contains four bent vibrators having linear initial quarter-wave segments located perpendicular in pairs in mutually orthogonal planes emanating from one common point, which is the first power terminal located on the line of intersection of the planes. Arc sections extending from linear sections, commensurate in length with half-wave, located in inclined planes. Linear quarter-wave end sections extending from the arc sections extending to a common point located on the line of intersection of the planes, which is the second power terminal. Connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, connected in pairs by a cross to a cross, commuting with each other at their intersection point, located on the axis of intersection of the planes, connected by a conductor with the second power terminal. The connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, connected in pairs by a cross to a cross and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection, located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made of multicore. They are separated between themselves in the space between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the possibility of adjusting the distance between them and connecting at least one core at the starting point of continuation from the arc sections, when connecting all the cores together at their intersections.

In the version of the skeletal applied structure, the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, connected in pairs crosswise and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made strong. They are separated from each other in a horizontal plane in the area between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the connection of both lived together at the starting point of the continuation from the arc sections. Capacity regulation is done by changing the distance between them.

In the printed application version, connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, connected in pairs crosswise and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made of two-core / two lanes on the board. They are spaced apart in a vertical plane between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the connection of both veins between them at the starting point of continuation from the arc sections, that is, in the plane of the other antenna elements. Capacity regulation is performed by changing the distance between them / pouring solder.

In the version, both in the manufacture and adjustment of the antennas in use, the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, are interconnected crosswise and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made of multicore. They are separated between themselves in the space between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the connection of at least one core at the starting point of continuation from the arc sections, when all the cores are connected to each other at the point of their intersection. In this case, the conductors that are not connected at the initial point of continuation from the arc sections are shortened, that is, they are realized by connecting to the existing “quasi-shunts” at the point of their intersection, and the adjustment is shortened / lengthened by conductors without forming conductive circuits.

Due to the listed set of essential features, a unification of the designs of “clover” antennas of circular polarization with simplification of antenna tuning technologies is provided due to the proposed technical solution with the possibilities of using elements of both skeletal and printed wiring.

The analysis of the level of technology has allowed to establish that the analogues, characterized by a set of features that are identical to all the characteristics of the claimed technical solution, are not in the known sources of information, which indicates that the claimed technical solution corresponds to the condition of patentability "novelty."

The combination of distinctive features and properties as in the claimed device from the technical, scientific literature and patent documentation is not identified, so it meets the criteria of novelty and inventive step.

Industrial applicability of the claimed technical solution is seen in the limit of manufacturability and ease of manufacture, in lightweight, replication and operation, the possibility of applying to the classic "clover" antennas and use on an industrial basis at a competitive level.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1-4.

FIG. 1 shows a sketch of a “clover” antenna of circular polarization with capacitive two-core quasi-shunts separated by a distance of conductors arranged in a horizontal plane; FIG. 2 is a sketch of a “clover” antenna of circular polarization with capacitive two-core quasi-shunts separated by a distance of conductors located in a vertical plane; FIG. 3 is a sketch of a “clover” antenna of circular polarization with capacitive multi-core quasi-shunts, spaced apart by shortened conductors located in space around the point of intersection of quasi-shunts; FIG. 4 - radiation patterns of “clover” circular polarization antennas with capacitive quasi-shunts in the horizontal and vertical plane with the main parameters.

The “circular” circularly polarized antenna with capacitive quasi-shunts (Fig. 1) contains four bent vibrators 1. They have linear initial quarter-wave sections 2 located perpendicularly in pairs in mutually orthogonal planes 3,4 originating from one common point 5, which is the first power terminal a, located on the line of intersection of the planes 6. Outgoing continuation from linear sections 2, commensurate in length with half-wave arc sections 7, located in inclined planes. Outgoing extensions from arc sections 7, linear end quarter-wave sections 8, converging to common point 9, which is the second power terminal b located on the line of intersection of the planes 6. Connecting conductors 11, 11.1, 11.2 from points 10 of the transition of arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8 crosswise connected in pairs are made of stranded 11.1, 11.2 ..., commuting with each other at the point of their intersection 12, located on the axis of intersection of the planes 6 (Fig. 2). This point 12 is connected by conductor 13 to the second power terminal b. The connecting conductors 11.1, 11.2 from the points 10 of the transition of the arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, are interconnected crosswise and commute with each other at the point 12 of their intersection located on the axis of intersection of the planes 6. They are separated from each other in the space between the axis of intersection planes 6 and points 10 transition arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8 and can be with the connection of all the veins at the starting point 10 continuation from the arc sections 7 and when connecting all the veins between themselves at the point 12 of their intersection.

In the version of the skeletal (with the possibility of printed) applied construction (Fig. 1) connecting conductors 11.1, 11.2 from points 10 of the transition of arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, are interconnected crosswise and commuting among themselves in the area of point 12 located on axis 6 the intersections of the planes 3, 4, are made double 11.1 and 11.2. They are separated by a distance d between themselves in the horizontal plane 14 in the area in the region of the intersection of the planes along the axis 6 and the points 10 of the transition of the arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, with the connection of both veins between themselves at the starting point 10 of the continuation from the arc sections 7.

In the version of the applied (with the possibility of skeletal) construction (Fig. 2) connecting conductors 11.1, 11.2 from the points 10 of the transition of arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, are connected in pairs crosswise and commuting with each other at their intersection points 12 located on axis 6 the intersections of the planes 3, 4, are made double-faced: - two lanes 11.1 and 11.2 on a hard board. They are separated by a distance d between themselves in vertical planes 3, 4 in the middle section along axis 6

 the intersection of the planes and points 10 of the transition of the arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, with the connection of both wires to each other at the initial point of continuation from the arc sections 7 and the connection of the lower point 12 by the conductor 13 to the second power terminal b.

In the version, both in the production and adjustment of the antennas in use, the connecting conductors 11 from the points 10 of the transition of arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8 are interconnected crosswise and commuting with each other at their intersection 12 located on the axis 6 of the intersection of the planes 3, 4, are made stranded (Fig. 3). They can be separated in space at distances d, between themselves in space, between the axis 6 of the intersection of the planes 3, 4 and points 10 of the transition of the arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8, with a connection of at least one core 11 at the starting point 10 of the continuation from arc sections 7, when mixing and switching all the wires between them at the point of their intersection 12, while the wires 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4 (their number can be increased), not connected at the initial point 10, the continuation from the arc sections 7, are shortened , with the direction up, as shown on ig. 3, but may be placed downwards, within a three-dimensional structure.

"Clover" antenna of circular polarization with capacitive quasi-shunts works as follows. In each pair of curved vibrators 1, located in linear initial quarter-wave sections 2, diverging from one power point 5, there is no radiation, but half-wave arc sections 7, located in space at a distance of half-wave from the center and linear end sections 8, are excited, the currents in the latter flow in phase from all curved vibrators 1. Thus, when the plane of each half-wave arc section 7 is located at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the linear end section 8 and the phase shift of the currents in them, in the sector of each arc segment, a field of circular polarization is radiated. With respect to the axis 6 of the intersection of the planes 3 and 4, the planes of the location of each half-wave arc section 7 are inclined in one direction, then the field of one-sided circular polarization is radially radiated from the center of the antenna into the upper half-space. Since the currents in all the bent vibrators 1 are equal, and in the linear end sections 8 and in-phase, the opposite equipotential points 10, the transition of the arcs 7 to the end linear sections 8 are pairwise connected by equal connecting conductors 11.2, 11.2, switching with each other at the point of their intersection 12, located on the axis 6 of the intersection of the planes 3 and 4. Electric "quasi-shunts" 11.1, 11.2 formed, closing the points 10 of the transition of the antiphase currents of the vibrators 1 into the common-mode currents in sections 8, with their midpoint 12, which can be joined to a second adjacent power terminal b, as duplicates wire 13 to converge the four conductors 8. Kvazishunty like classical shunts, changes the impedance. In turn, multi-core quasi-shunts 11.1, 11.2 ..., with spaced conductors, are capacitive elements of the resonant antenna system with vibrator arms 1, which are single-turn circuits with their own inductances. Due to the symmetric design of clover antennas, capacitive elements, both structurally and electrically, there is a need to introduce symmetrically for correction of the antenna system parameters, which is organically ensured by placing them around the intersection line of the planes 6, which is the symmetry axis of the antenna, which are symmetrically located on the sections of the electric circuits of the contours that are vibrators 1.

A computer model of a circular polarization antenna with a quasi-null “clover” was tested in the course of electronic simulation in the MMANA program at a frequency of 300 MHz with overlapping of the working frequency range of 200-400 MHz. Computer simulation results are shown in FIG. four.

Circular polarized “clover” antenna with capacitive quasi-shunts can be printed out of four identical lamellar elements reduced to the axial line, with conductor paths laid out on linear initial quarter-wave sections 2, linear end sections 8 and connecting conductors 11.1, 11.2 with conductor 13 (FIG. 2). Semi-wave arc sections 7 can be made either by printing conductor arc tracks on four identical corner plate elements or in a mounted manner connecting the extreme points of the tracks of the printed plate elements of connecting conductors 11.1, 11.2 and conductors of linear initial quarter-wave sections 2 with a wire conductor. In addition to this, the antenna can be made and completely skeleton mounted method with the device stamped dielectric frame, on which the second, the device construction conductors are attached in any accessible way.

Claims (4)

1. “Clover” antenna of circular polarization with capacitive quasi-shunts, containing four bent vibrators with linear initial quarter-wave segments located perpendicularly in pairs in mutually orthogonal planes emanating from one common point, which is the first power terminal located on the intersection line of the planes, extending from the continuation from linear plots, arc-length segments commensurate in length with half-wave, located in inclined planes, extending from linear arc sections e final quarter-wave sections converging to a common point, which is the second power terminal located on the line of intersection of the planes and connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, are pairwise connected crosswise, commuting with each other at the point of their intersection located on the axis of intersection planes connected by a conductor to a second power terminal, characterized in that the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, are in pairs connected by a cross to eats and commuting between themselves at the point of their intersection, located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made of stranded, spaced between themselves in the space between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the connection of all the veins at the initial point of continuation from the arc sections and when all the veins are interconnected at the point of their intersection. 2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, are connected in pairs by a cross to a cross and commuting with each other in the area of the point located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made double, spaced apart from each other in the horizontal planes in the section between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, with the connection of both lived together at the starting point of the continuation of the arc sections. 3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, are connected in pairs by a cross to a cross and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made double-stranded, spaced apart vertical plane in the area between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the end linear sections, with the connection of both lived together at the starting point of the continuation of the arc sections. 4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting conductors from the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, are connected in pairs by a cross to a cross and commuting with each other at the point of their intersection, located on the axis of intersection of the planes, are made of multicore, spaced apart the space between the axis of intersection of the planes and the points of transition of the arcs to the final linear sections, with the connection of at least one core at the initial point of continuation from the arc sections, while mixing and switching all the cores between fight at their point of intersection, and the wires are not connected to the start point of the continuation of the arc-shaped sections are made shorter.

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