RU2356634C1 - Combined cyclone with acoustic fluid spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument making.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dust catchers. The proposed cyclone comprises a casing, gas flow inlet, bin and outlet pipe with its lower part furnished with orifices and its upper part accommodating, at least, one nozzle to form a fine spray cone. The acoustic nozzle comprises a casing to house an acoustic oscillation generator representing a nozzle and resonator made up of concentric annular slots arranged in the plane perpendicular to the casing axis. It incorporates also a taper surface ring, a sprayer fixed in the casing by a hollow rod with a screw-type swirler on its end to form a spray cone and a flange to accommodate an annular site. The resonator is furnished with, at least, one spherical space arranged in the ring wall. The said spherical space communicates, via metered orifice, with the said annular slot formed by end face surfaces of the casing and the ring, on the side of taper surface. Aforesaid ring is arranged to move along the casing axis with the help of a threaded joint.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability of dust separation due increased rate of fluid spraying by nozzles.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for dust collection and can be used in chemical, textile, food, light and other industries for the purification of dusty gases.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a cyclone according to patent RU No. 2256510, B04C 9/00 dated 06/15/04, comprising a housing, a peripheral gas flow inlet made in the form of an inlet pipe, a screw-shaped cover, a hopper and an outlet pipe for the outlet of the purified gas, moreover, the axis of the inlet pipe is directed at an angle to the axis of the housing and tangentially to the surface of the outlet pipe, and at the end of the outlet pipe of the purified gas a filter element is fixed, the material of which has improved sound absorbing properties (Prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low efficiency of the dust collection process due to the underdeveloped spray surface of the liquid.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of the dust collection process by increasing the degree of liquid atomization by nozzles.

This is achieved by the fact that in the combined cyclone containing the housing, the peripheral gas flow inlet, made in the form of an inlet tangential branch pipe, a hopper connected to the lower conical part of the cyclone and an outlet pipe, in the lower part of which holes are made, and the nozzle block is installed in the upper part containing at least one nozzle forming a fine spray torch, each of the nozzles for thin atomization of liquids is made acoustic, comprising a housing with an acoustic generator located inside oscillations in the form of a nozzle and a resonator, made in the form of concentric annular slots located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing, a ring with a conical surface connected to the housing and used to form the formed torch of the sprayed liquid, and a sprayer used to form a liquid film that blocks the outlet from the generator, and fixed in the housing by means of a hollow rod with a screw swirl at the end and a shoulder for placing an annular platform onto which liquid flows from the spray body, and the resonator is made in the form of at least one spherical cavity located in the wall of the ring, and the spherical cavity is connected by a calibrated hole to the annular gap formed by the end planes of the housing and the ring from the side of the conical surface, and the ring is located with the possibility of fixed movement along the axis of the housing by means of a threaded connection.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a combined cyclone, Figure 2 is a General view of an acoustic nozzle for thin atomization of a liquid.

The combined cyclone contains a housing 5, a peripheral gas flow inlet, made in the form of an inlet tangential nozzle 1, a hopper 8 in the lower conical part 3 of the cyclone and an outlet pipe 6 for the outlet of the purified gas, made with an extension 9 in the lower part having openings 2. In the upper of the pipe part 6, a nozzle block 7 is installed, comprising at least one nozzle forming a fine spray torch. The nozzle block 7 is made in the form of at least one acoustic nozzle connected to the gas and liquid supply lines, respectively (see figure 1). To the lower end of the extension 9 is attached at an angle of 30 ... 60 degrees pipe 4 to remove sludge.

The acoustic nozzle (figure 2) for thin atomization of liquids contains a housing 10 with an acoustic oscillator located inside the nozzle 11 and a resonator 12. A ring 13 with a conical surface 14 is located on the housing 10 and is connected to the housing and serves to form the resulting sprayed liquid torch flowing through the channel of the hollow rod 15. A spraying agent, such as air or any other gas, enters the gas channel 16, and from it through the nozzle 11, made in the form of an annular gap concentrically located rotating arm resonator 17, a ring 13 toward the spray gun 18, which serves to form a liquid film spanning the output of sound generator 12, formed by the resonator. The fluid is supplied from the hollow rod 15 with a screw swirl 18 at the end and a shoulder to accommodate the annular platform 19, to which it flows. The resonator is made in the form of at least one spherical cavity 12 located in the wall of the ring 13, and the spherical cavity is connected by a calibrated hole 20 with an annular gap formed by the end planes of the housing 10 and the ring 13 from the side of the conical surface 14, and the ring 13 is located with the possibility of fixed movement along the axis of the housing 10 by means of its threaded connection 21.

The resonator can be configured to control the generated frequency of acoustic vibrations by adjusting the width of the annular gap 17 formed by the end planes of the housing and the ring from the side of the conical surface by installing calibrated spacers 22 between the housing 10 and ring 13, the thickness of which corresponds to a given frequency of acoustic vibrations.

The resonator can be made in the form of a toroidal cavity (not shown), the axis of which is located coaxially with the housing 10, and the cavity is connected by at least one calibrated hole 20 with an annular gap 17 formed by the end planes of the housing and the ring on the side of the conical surface.

Combined cyclone works as follows.

Dusty air enters the cyclone through the tangential pipe 1. Inside the housing 5, the air swirls and descends downward to the lower end of the exhaust pipe 6. In this case, larger fractions of dust are centrifugally pressed against the inner surface and slide into the lower conical part of cyclone 3, from which fall into the cyclone hopper. Freed from large fractions, air through the holes 2 in the lower part of the exhaust pipe enters it, moves upward towards the water flare formed by the nozzles 7. The purified air is removed into the atmosphere. Irrigation of air in the exhaust pipe leads to its additional purification from fine dust fractions. Water along with the sludge is removed through the pipe 4. The acoustic nozzle for sawing liquids works as follows.

A spraying agent, for example air, is supplied through a gas channel 16, where it meets a resonator 12 made in the form of a spherical cavity connected to the nozzle 11 via a calibrated hole 20. As a result of the passage of the resonator 12, a spraying agent (for example, air) in the latter pressure pulsations creating acoustic vibrations, the frequency of which depends on the parameters of the resonator. The acoustic vibrations of the spraying agent contribute to finer atomization of the solution supplied to the channel 15. From the screw swirler 18, the liquid flows in the form of a film to the platform 19, and then crushes under the influence of acoustic vibrations of air into small droplets, resulting in the formation of a spray torch with air, whose root angle is determined by the angle of inclination of the conical surface 14 of the ring 13.

A two-stage cleaning cyclone has a higher degree of dust collection (up to 90 ... 92%) and higher aerodynamic drag (by 20 ... 30%).

Claims (2)

1. A cyclone combined with an acoustic spray of liquid, comprising a housing, a peripheral gas flow inlet made in the form of an inlet tangential nozzle, a hopper connected to the lower conical part of the cyclone, and an outlet pipe, in the lower part of which holes are made, and in the upper part, at least one nozzle forming a fine spray torch, characterized in that the nozzle is made acoustic, comprising a housing with an acoustic oscillator located inside the nozzle and resonator, molded in the form of concentric annular slots located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing, a ring with a conical surface connected to the housing and used to form the formed spray torch of the liquid, and an atomizer used to form a liquid film blocking the outlet of the generator and fixed in the housing by means of a hollow rod with a screw swirl at the end and a shoulder to accommodate an annular platform onto which liquid flows from the atomizer, the cavity being provided at the edge It least one spherical cavity, arranged in the wall of the ring, wherein the spherical cavity is connected with a calibrated orifice with the annular gap formed by the housing and the end planes of the ring by the conical surface, and the ring is arranged to be movable along the fixed axis of the housing by a threaded connection. 2. The cyclone combined with an acoustic liquid spray according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle resonator is configured to control the generated frequency of acoustic vibrations by adjusting the width of the annular gap formed by the end planes of the housing and the ring from the side of the conical surface, by installing between the housing and ring calibrated gaskets, the thickness of which corresponds to a given frequency of acoustic vibrations.

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