RU2325234C1 - Combined cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation, dust collection technology.

SUBSTANCE: cyclone consists of casing, peripheral inlet of a gas stream, made in the form of an inlet tangent joining pipe, bunker, joined to the lower conical part of the cyclone, and outlet pipe, in the upper part of which there is at least, one sprayer, making a thin jet of dispersed material. In the lower part of the outlet pipe there are openings. Each of the sprayers are centrifugal, consisting of casing with inlet openings, lids, sealing lining between the casing and the lid, springs between the lid and the swirler, made in form of a turned over bottom-up cylindrical cup, installed relative the casing of the sprayers with a ring shaped clearance. In the swirler, there are at least two rows of throttle openings, and in each row, there are at least two uniformly located on the circular wall of the swirler, tangent throttle openings. In the lower part of the casing of the swirler, there is a nozzle insert, made in the form of a conical washer with a calibrated conical opening, coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirler and with obliquity, inverse to the obliquity of the conical washer insert.

EFFECT: increased effectiveness and reliability of the processes of dust collection.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for dust collection and can be used in chemical, textile, food, light and other industries for the purification of dusty gases.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a cyclone according to patent RU No. 2256510, B04C 9/00 dated 06/15/04, comprising a housing, a peripheral gas flow inlet made in the form of an inlet pipe, a screw-shaped cover, a hopper and an outlet pipe for the outlet of the purified gas, moreover, the axis of the inlet pipe is directed at an angle to the axis of the housing and tangentially to the surface of the outlet pipe, and at the end of the outlet pipe of the purified gas a filter element is fixed, the material of which has improved sound absorbing properties (Prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low efficiency of the dust collection process due to the underdeveloped spray surface of the liquid.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency and reliability of the dust collection process by increasing the degree of liquid atomization by nozzles.

This is achieved by the fact that in the combined cyclone containing the housing, the peripheral gas flow inlet, made in the form of an inlet tangential branch pipe, a hopper connected to the lower conical part of the cyclone, and an outlet pipe, in the lower part of which holes are made, and a block is installed in the upper part nozzles containing at least one (nozzle forming a fine spray torch, each of the nozzles for thin atomization of liquids is made in the form of a centrifugal nozzle, each of which consists of a housing with an inlet a hole, a cover, a sealing gasket between the housing and the cover, a spring located between the cover and the swirl made in the form of an upside down cylindrical cup mounted relative to the housing with an annular gap, and at least two rows of throttle openings are made in the swirl in each row, at least two tangential throttle openings are evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl, and in the lower part of the casing is installed in the form of a conical washer the left liner with a calibrated tapered bore coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirl, and the taper, the inverse taper of the conical washer of the liner.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a combined cyclone, Figure 2 is a General view of the nozzle for spraying liquids, Figure 3 is a section aa of Figure 2.

The combined cyclone comprises a housing 5, a peripheral gas flow inlet made in the form of an inlet tangential branch pipe 1, a hopper 8 in the lower conical part 3 of the cyclone and an outlet pipe 6 for the outlet of the purified gas, made with an extension 9 in the lower part having openings 2. In the upper of the pipe part 6, a nozzle block 7 is installed, comprising at least one nozzle forming a fine spray torch. A pipe 4 is attached to the lower end of the extension 9 at an angle of 30 ... 60 degrees to remove sludge.

The centrifugal nozzle (Fig.2-3) consists of a housing 10 with an inlet 11, a cover 12, a sealing gasket 13 between the housing and the cover, a spring 14 located between the cover and the swirl 15, made in the form of an upside down cylindrical cup mounted relative to bodies 10 with an annular gap 16. At least two rows of throttle openings 17 are made in the swirl 15, each row has at least two throttle openings 17 evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl 15. In the lower the th part of the housing 10 is installed in the form of a conical washer nozzle insert 18 made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire with a calibrated conical hole 19, coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirler 15, and the hole 19 has the opposite taper with the conical washer of the insert 18.

Combined cyclone works as follows.

Dusty air enters the cyclone through the tangential pipe 1. Inside the housing 5, the air swirls and descends in a downward spiral to the lower end of the exhaust pipe 6. At the same time, larger fractions of dust are centrifugally pressed against the inner surface and slide into the lower conical part of cyclone 3, from which fall into the cyclone hopper. Freed from large fractions, air through the holes 2 in the lower part of the exhaust pipe enters it, moves upward towards the water flare formed by the nozzles 7. The purified air is removed into the atmosphere. Irrigation of air in the exhaust pipe leads to its additional purification from fine dust fractions. Water along with the sludge is removed through the pipe 4. A centrifugal nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows. Liquid is supplied to the nozzles 7 through the pipeline, which enters through the inlet 11 into the annular gap 16, from where to the swirl 15 through the throttling holes 17 tangentially located to the inner surface of the swirl 15. The rotating fluid flow from the swirl 15 exits through a calibrated conical hole 19 of the nozzle insert 18 As a result, a torch of atomized liquid is formed, the root angle of which is determined by the angle of inclination of the conical surface of the hole 19.

With an average diameter of the hole 19, which is in the range of 2.5 ... 3.5 mm and the pressure supplied through the inlet 11 of the liquid under a pressure of 6 ... 9 MPa, atomization of 400 to 1000 kg / h of liquid is provided. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain.

A two-stage cleaning cyclone has a higher degree of dust collection (up to 90 ... 92%) and a higher aerodynamic drag (by 20 ... 30%).

Claims (2)

1. Combined cyclone, comprising a housing, a peripheral gas flow inlet made in the form of an inlet tangential branch pipe, a hopper connected to the lower conical part of the cyclone, and an outlet pipe, in the upper part of which at least one nozzle is installed, forming a fine spray torch characterized in that in the lower part of the outlet pipe holes are made, each of the nozzles for thin atomization of liquids is made in the form of a centrifugal nozzle, consisting of a housing with an inlet, a cover, a seal a common gasket located between the housing and the cover, a spring located between the cover and the swirl made in the form of an inverted cylindrical cup mounted relative to the nozzle body with an annular gap, and at least two rows of throttle openings are made in the swirl and each row is made of at least two tangential throttle openings evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl, a nozzle insert made in the lower part of the nozzle body in the form of a conical washer with a calibrated conical hole coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirler and with the taper, the inverse taper of the conical washer of the liner. 2. Combined cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle nozzle insert is made of solid materials such as tungsten carbide, ruby or sapphire.

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