RU2354779C1 - Cast-in-place and precast "wall in soil" based on reinforced concrete t-bar elements (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: cast-in-place and precast wall in soil is a cast-in-place and precast construction consisting of alternating sections in the form of cast-in-place and precast elements with lock devices and junction elements out of solid-cast concrete. Each cast-in-place and precast element is made in the form of T-bar beam-type construction consisting of three-dimensional T-shaped reinforced frame with lengthwise strength reinforcement and transverse binding reinforcement, and concrete body. Lock device consists of two elements in the form of metal rod with elastic spherical body on its end and mating socket in the box-type form with through side slot, so that elastic spherical body can enter internal space of box-type element freely. Both elements are mounted on side surfaces of precast element to enable continuous connection of adjoining precast elements.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability of constructed wall along with simplified construction and manufacturing technology.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and is intended for use as walls of buried structures and foundations, load-bearing structures, enclosing walls of foundation pits, anti-filter curtains.

The prior art pile (reinforced concrete element) for a precast-monolithic wall in the ground, containing a concrete body-trunk with longitudinal curved grooves on the side faces and a reinforcing cage, including longitudinal rods, transverse reinforcement and a sheet of external overhead reinforcement with outlets - cantilevered overhangs, which is fixed on the surface of a flat longitudinal - outer face by means of anchor rods (RF patent No. 20056475, E02D 5/20, 1996).

The disadvantage of this pile is the structural complexity of the reinforcing cage, including a large number of elements - rods of various shapes.

Known precast-monolithic wall in the ground, which is made of prefabricated parts (reinforced concrete elements) with reinforcing sheet coating placed in the ground, and monolithic sections in the gaps between the reinforced concrete elements. The indicated sections in the underground structure can be covered with continuous protective strips that are protected (after the wall has been soaked in the ground) with a sheet coating. The free protrusions of the cross members, arranged along a surface that is remote from the ceiling, are placed in monolithic parts with overlapping, which ensures continuous lateral wall reinforcement along the specified side. Reinforced concrete elements have a special shape, made using formwork (US patent No. 5547316 from 08.20.1996).

In the known device, reinforced concrete elements have a complex shape and a complex structure of a reinforcing cage, including a large number of elements - rods of various shapes, are difficult to manufacture.

In the very construction of the wall, there is a problem of peeling metal from concrete with the destruction of welded joints with reinforcing cage, caused by various temperature deformations of the metal sheet, at the stage of opening the pit. There is no exact installation of reinforced concrete elements in the run-in. There is a high metal content, a low level or a complete lack of the necessary waterproofing.

Known prefabricated-monolithic wall in the ground, containing prefabricated piles installed in the trench with longitudinal curvilinear grooves and reinforcing outlets on the side faces, between which there are monolithic sections, concreted after installing prefabricated piles (RF No. 2046883, E02D 5/20, 1995 .).

Reinforcing outlets (outcrops of transverse reinforcement rods) of prefabricated elements of piles provide continuous reinforcement, however, the transverse stiffness of this wall is not high enough, since prefabricated elements of piles are not interconnected before concreting monolithic sections.

There is a method of erecting a prefabricated monolithic wall in the ground, including trenching with embeds, installing prefabricated elements with curved recesses within the embankment and concreting between pairs of adjacent prefabricated elements of monolithic wall sections (A. Filatov, “Construction of structures using the wall in soil method.” Kiev : Alarm clock, 1976, p.143).

However, the wall constructed in this way does not have continuous transverse reinforcement, which negatively affects the reliability of the wall, and also requires complex work if necessary, waterproofing in flooded soils

Closest to the proposed invention is a precast-monolithic wall in soil, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast-reinforced concrete elements equipped with locking devices, and connecting elements made of monolithic concrete (RF patent No. 2233944, publ. 10.08 .2004, bull. No. 22).

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability of the wall being constructed while simplifying the design and manufacturing technology of both the prefabricated elements themselves and the prefabricated monolithic wall being constructed.

The technical problem is achieved as follows.

Option 1.

In a precast-monolithic wall in soil, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast-reinforced concrete elements equipped with locking devices and connecting elements made of monolithic concrete, each of the precast-reinforced concrete elements is made in the form of a beam type construction profile, consisting of a spatial armature frame of a T-shape with longitudinal power and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, the locking device consists of two elements, made in the form of a metal pin with an elastic spherical body at the end and a reciprocal socket in the form of a box-shaped element with a through lateral slot with the possibility of ensuring free entry of the elastic spherical body into the internal cavity of the box-shaped element, respectively mounted on the side surfaces of the precast concrete element with the possibility of continuous connection of adjacent precast elements together.

Option 2

In a precast-monolithic wall in soil, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast-reinforced concrete elements equipped with locking devices and connecting elements made of monolithic concrete, each of the precast-reinforced concrete elements is made in the form of a beam type construction profile, consisting of a spatial T-shaped reinforcement cage with longitudinal force and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, into each precast concrete element for metal insulation made in the form of metal sheets in areas with a refined shelf of a precast concrete element with cantilever sections providing overlapping of sheets of adjacent precast concrete elements, the locking device consists of two elements made in the form of an elastic spherical body and a response socket in the form of an open element box-shaped with the ability to ensure free entry of an elastic spherical body into the inner cavity of the box-shaped element, respectively mounted on opposite cantilever sections of metal insulation sheets with the ability to provide continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements to each other.

Option 3

In a precast-monolithic wall in soil, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast-reinforced concrete elements equipped with locking devices and connecting elements made of monolithic concrete, each of the precast-reinforced concrete elements is made in the form of a beam type construction profile, consisting of a spatial T-shaped reinforcement cage with longitudinal force and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, into each precast concrete element for metal insulation made in the form of a spatial sheet structure with a precast reinforced concrete element embedded in the body with cantilever sections providing overlapping of consoles of adjacent precast concrete elements, the locking device consists of two elements made in the form of an elastic spherical body and a response socket in the form of an open element box-shaped with the ability to ensure free entry of an elastic spherical body into the inner cavity of the box-shaped element, respectively fixed on opposite cantilever sections of metal insulation with the ability to provide continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements to each other.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general diagram of a wall in the ground, Fig. 2 shows a wall construction (first embodiment), Fig. 3 shows a wall construction (second embodiment), and Fig. 4 shows a wall construction (third embodiment) ), in Fig.5 - the design of the locking device (first option), Fig.6 - the design of the locking device (second and third options).

The prefabricated-monolithic construction of the wall in the ground consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements 1, manufactured in the factory, connecting elements 2 of monolithic concrete, made at the construction site at the installation site, and closing separation reinforced concrete elements 3. Prefabricated reinforced concrete elements 1, connecting elements 2 and dividing reinforced concrete elements 3 are placed in the entry 4.

Reinforced concrete element 3 of a special profile, manufactured in the factory using formwork, is used as a dividing element in the construction of the wall in the ground.

Reinforced concrete elements 1 are a beam-type design of a T-shaped profile, perceiving loads from the soil, structurally made of a spatial armature frame of a T-shaped profile with longitudinal power 5 and transverse 6 connecting reinforcement, concrete body 7.

The shape of the profile provides the technical advantages of the product. The size of the sides of the profile is determined by strength calculation.

Armoframes of reinforced concrete elements 1 are a spatial structure assembled from a reinforcement of a periodic profile using spot welding and wire knitting. The number of reinforcing rods, installation step, diameter and class of reinforcement are determined by strength calculation based on design data.

In order to ensure the accuracy of the installation of reinforced concrete elements 1 in the entry 4, a locking device is used, made according to type 8 (option 1) or type 9 (options 2 and 3).

The locking device, made according to type 8, consists of two elements made in the form of a metal pin 10 with an elastic spherical body 11 at the end and a reciprocal socket in the form of a box-shaped element 12 with a through lateral slot with the possibility of free entry of the elastic spherical body 11 into the inner the cavity of the box-shaped element 12, respectively mounted on the side surfaces of the precast concrete element 1 with the possibility of providing continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements m between myself.

If it is necessary to ensure water tightness of structures, reinforced concrete element 1 includes metal insulation 13, 14 (option 2), which is performed on sections of reinforced concrete element 1 with a refined shelf with free lengths, which ensure overlapping of metal insulation sheets of neighboring elements in the area of the monolithic area. At the subsequent opening of the pits, the overlap zone of the metal insulation sheets is welded with a continuous weld. The presence of one weld in the joint zone compared to two welds, as in known designs, allows to improve the quality of the product. The fastening of metal insulation sheets to the armature frame is carried out by welding.

In conditions with complex hydrogeology of soils, in the presence of water horizons in the area of the wall in the ground and, if necessary, the load-bearing structural elements perceive significant bending moments, the wall structure in the ground with continuous metal insulation 15 is used (option 3). In order to improve the strength of the unfastening of the sheet on the concrete surfaces of the structure and to increase the bearing capacity of the reinforced element, the spatial structure of the metal insulation 15 is used, made with the embedment of the reinforced concrete element 1 in the body.

Depending on the type of soil and purpose, metal insulation may not be available (option 1).

The locking device, made according to type 9, consists of two elements made in the form of an elastic spherical body 16 and a reciprocal socket in the form of an element of an open box-shaped shape 17 with the possibility of ensuring free entry of the elastic spherical body 16 into the internal cavity of the box-shaped element 17, respectively mounted on opposite cantilever sections of metal insulation sheets 13 and 14 (option 2) and 15 (option 3) with the possibility of providing a continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements 1 to each other.

The device operates as follows.

The erection of a prefabricated monolithic wall includes the installation of a mince, the development of an insert (trench) 4 under a clay solution in a specific area, installation of 4 reinforced concrete elements 1 with a closing separating reinforced concrete element 3 of a special shape into the designed entry, monolithic concrete body 2 in the spaces between elements 1 with extrusion clay solution, repeating the sequence of the above operations on an adjacent site, etc.

A characteristic feature of the construction of a precast-monolithic wall in the ground is that this method includes a series of alternating sequentially performed operations. First, foreshacht is carried out at a certain site of wall construction in the ground. After the concrete reaches the design strength, the sequential development of casting 4 under the mud begins. Within the boundaries of the developed sunset 4, reinforced concrete elements 1 are installed (with the simultaneous selection of clay mud), the separation element 3 is installed by the closing element of the sunset 4. After the installation of these elements, sections between elements 1 are monochromatic with the simultaneous selection of clay mud. Further, further development of the trench is carried out and the above operations are repeated. After the construction of the wall in the ground, the set of concrete with design strength, the sequential development of the pit begins with the installation of intermediate tiers of wall mounting. As the foundation pit is developed, the joint of the metal insulation sheets of adjacent reinforced concrete elements is welded with a continuous weld.

The present invention is distinguished by the form of the reinforced concrete elements used, the design of the locking joint on the reinforced concrete elements and allows to obtain an economic effect due to a significant reduction in the metal consumption of the structures with higher quality of the finished product.

A special form of reinforced concrete elements ensures the presence of a developed surface of a concrete body made using formwork in the area of the inner surface of the wall (opposite to the external one in contact with the ground). This achieves a better surface quality of the wall structure compared to the quality provided by the prototype.

Also, this reduces the metal consumption of the structure with guaranteed provision of the necessary waterproofing (decreases the joint width for monolithic concrete and the width of the metal insulation), improves the quality of metal insulation (due to the smaller area of metal insulation, there is no problem of peeling metal from concrete with the destruction of welded joints with reinforcing cage caused by various temperature deformations of the metal sheet and concrete body, which in the design of the prototype often took place at the stage of opening pits). Accurate installation of reinforced concrete elements in the run-in, performed using a castle connection, also helps to improve the quality of the wall surface.

Claims (3)

1. The precast-monolithic wall in the ground, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast concrete elements equipped with locking devices, and connecting elements of cast concrete, characterized in that each of the precast concrete elements is made in a type of construction of a beam type of a T-profile, consisting of a spatial T-shaped armoframe with longitudinal power and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, while the locking device It consists of two elements made in the form of a metal pin with an elastic spherical body at the end and a reciprocal socket in the form of a box-shaped element with a through side slot with the possibility of ensuring free entry of the elastic spherical body into the inner cavity of the box-shaped element, respectively mounted on the side surfaces of the assembly reinforced concrete element with the ability to provide continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements to each other. 2. The precast-monolithic wall in the soil, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast concrete elements equipped with locking devices, and connecting elements of cast concrete, characterized in that each of the precast concrete elements is made in a type of construction of a beam type of a T-profile, consisting of a spatial T-shaped reinforcement cage with longitudinal power and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, while each precast reinforced concrete element introduced metal insulation made in the form of metal sheets in areas with a refined shelf of a precast concrete element with cantilever sections providing overlapping sheets of adjacent precast concrete elements, and the locking device consists of two elements made in the form of an elastic spherical body and a reciprocal socket as an element of an open box-shaped form with the possibility of ensuring free entry of an elastic spherical body into the internal cavity of an element of a box-shaped we, respectively, are mounted on opposite cantilever sections of metal insulation sheets with the possibility of providing continuous connection of adjacent precast concrete elements to each other. 3. The precast-monolithic wall in the ground, which is a precast-monolithic structure, consisting of alternating sections in the form of precast concrete elements equipped with locking devices, and connecting elements of cast concrete, characterized in that each of the precast concrete elements is made in a type of construction of a beam type of a T-profile, consisting of a spatial T-shaped reinforcement cage with longitudinal power and transverse connecting reinforcement and a concrete body, while each precast reinforced concrete element, metal insulation is introduced, made in the form of a spatial sheet structure with a precast concrete element embedded in the body with cantilever sections providing overlapping of consoles of adjacent precast concrete elements, and the locking device consists of two elements made in the form of an elastic spherical body and a reciprocal socket in the form of an element of an open box-shaped form with the possibility of ensuring free entry of an elastic spherical body into the inner cavity of the element th form respectively mounted on opposite cantilevered portions metalloizolyatsii to provide a continuous connection of adjacent prefabricated concrete elements together.

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