RU2352316C1 - Device for restoration of function of lower limbs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device contains a basis with referring, carriages with adaptations for bracing of the extremities, bridged through draughts with the electric motors which drives are connected to a control system. The basis is supplied by additional drives on which shaft through the lever popliteal platens are fixed. Drives of electric motors are supplied by gauges of position of the carriages, each of carriages is supplied by two racks in which top part the hinges bridged through arms with an emphasis for feet are fixed. On the basis between referring terminators are established, and the levers established in the possibility of interaction with terminators are rigidly fixed on arms interfacing them. The control system includes the microprocessor block, the power amplifier, the interface block, the computer. Thus the microprocessor is connected by the exits to inputs of electric motors through the amplifier, and through the interface block to the computer, exits of gauges of carriages position are connected to microprocessor inputs.

EFFECT: application of the given device allows reducing aftertreatment terms, to restore in fuller volume of function of the lower limbs.

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Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to devices for passive gymnastics.

A device for developing the lower extremities is known (RF Patent No. 2085173, IPC А61Н 1/02, publ. 1997), containing a guide on which rollers are mounted, equipped with flanges and put on guides with the possibility of rolling along them, a foot and a lodgement for the lower leg , U-shaped traction.

The disadvantage of this device is that it provides for the development of joints simultaneously of one limb in the active mode, which is difficult to apply, for example, with paresis of the upper limbs, requires considerable effort from the patient. The mode corresponding to normal walking is not created. Stiff fixation of the foot is provided, which does not allow it to be developed.

A device is known for developing joints of the lower extremities (Auth. St. USSR No. 1255125, IPC А61Н 1/02, publ. 1986), comprising a base with a block and fasteners mounted on the base of a carriage with a flexible link associated with the block and the load , tibia cradle, rotatable, tibia and thigh retainers, foot support mounted with tilt.

The disadvantage of this device is that only one joint is developed, while the position of the other joints of the leg is fixed, which does not allow you to recreate movements that are close to walking.

The closest is a device for restoring joint function by mechanotherapy (RF Patent No. 22142212, IPC А61Н 1/02, publ. 2002), containing a fixed and movable platform for fixing the limbs, and the movable platform is connected to the electric drive through an additional rod, the engine of which is connected to a control system including a converter, a limiter of the maximum volume of movement.

The disadvantages of this device include the difficulty of individualizing and setting different modes of mechanotherapy, since mechanical action on the limbs during passive loading is carried out only in one joint, in addition, the control system does not set the limb movement close to normal walking of a healthy person.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages by providing joint movements, the amplitude and speed of which corresponds to the parameters of normal walking, while reproducing the coordination of movement of both legs. This allows you to recreate the influx of afferent information into the central nervous system, which, in turn, contributes to a more complete and quick rehabilitation. Patient's legs are controlled according to pre-programmed physiological gait patterns.

The positive effect will be more pronounced if the procedures are started as soon as possible after the event that led to motor dysfunction (trauma, stroke, etc.).

To achieve the task in the device for restoring the function of the lower extremities, containing a base with guides, carriages with devices for fixing the limbs, connected through traction with electric drives, the motors of which are connected to the control system, it is proposed to provide the base with additional engines. Moreover, popliteal rollers are fixed on the shafts of these engines through the lever. Electric motors are equipped with carriage position sensors, and each of the carriages is equipped with two racks, in the upper part of which hinges are fixed, connected through brackets with stops for feet. Limiters are installed on the base between the rails, and levers mounted with the possibility of interaction with the limiters are rigidly fixed on the brackets adjacent to them. The control system includes a microprocessor unit, a power amplifier, an interface unit, a computer, while the microprocessor is connected to the inputs of the electric motors through the amplifier and to the computer via the interface unit, the outputs of the carriage position sensors are connected to the inputs of the microprocessor.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of a device control system; figure 2 is a General view of the left side of the device (right - symmetrical).

The proposed device consists of a base 1, on which guides 2 are mounted with movable carriages 3 mounted on them. Two racks 4 are installed on each carriage, in the upper part of which hinges 5 are connected, connected through brackets 6 and 7 with stops for feet 8. On the arm 7 is rigidly fixed to the lever 9. On the base 1, guides 10 are installed between the guides 2, interacting with the lever 9. At the location of the knee joint there is a movable roller 11 connected by a lever 12 to the motor shaft 13. The carriage 3 are driven by traction, for example, toothed belts 14, by motors 15 fixed to the base 1. On the axes of the motors 15, the position sensors 16 of the movable carriages are fixed.

The device control system includes a microprocessor unit 17, a 4-channel power amplifier 18, an interface unit 19, a computer 20. In this case, the microprocessor through its amplifier 18 is connected to the inputs of the electric motors 13 and 15, and through the interface unit 19 it is connected to a computer 20, the outputs the position sensors of the carriages 16 are connected to the inputs of the microprocessor unit 17.

To increase the efficiency of motor rehabilitation of the patient, you can use the moneuroimpotator 21, which is connected to the interface unit 19.

The operation of the device is as follows.

The device can be installed on a regular hospital bed. It is advisable to use a functional bed that allows you to tilt the plane on which the patient lies, relative to the horizon.

To the carriages 3 on the stops 8, the patient's feet are fixed. When the legs are extended, the lever 9 comes in contact with the limiter 10. Next, the lever 9, moving along the limiter 10, makes the foot rotate in the back direction. When bending the leg, the lever 9 loses contact with the limiter 10, as a result of this, the foot performs plantar bending under the action of gravity. The program of movement of the carriages 3 (program trajectory) is based on the recording of the movements of the legs of a healthy person when walking in place.

In the initial position, the patient's legs are straightened. At the beginning of the leg movement, the engine 13 bends the leg in the knee joint using the roller 11, further bending of the leg is carried out by moving the carriages 3 by the motor 15, while the roller 11 is returned to its original position.

The control system by introducing into it a microprocessor unit 17 and a computer 20 allows you to create various modes of rehabilitation procedures:

- mode of "artificial compliance", in which the engine 15 does not interfere with the free movement of the carriage 3;

- alternating flexion-extension of the right and left legs due to engines;

- cyclic movement of the paretic leg due to the engines with the complete “shutdown” of the healthy leg engine with the help of “artificial compliance”;

- a regime similar to the previous one, with the difference that the cycle of movement of the paretic leg starts from healthy movement;

- a mode in which the drive helps the natural movement of the leg, without limiting the "freedom" of the patient.

When a doctor is prescribed, in addition to mechanotherapy, moneurostimulation is performed, while the stimulation electrodes from the mioneurostimulator 21 are superimposed cutaneously on the patient's muscles to be stimulated. In accordance with the given phases of movement, the stimulation on the given channels is turned on and off.

The proposed device allows the disability of this category of patients, to reduce the rehabilitation time, to restore in more full function of the lower extremities. In addition, the proposed device is not difficult to maintain and operate, and therefore can be used on the basis of any hospital and in outpatient treatment.

Computer control allows individual correction of various gait parameters.

Claims (1)

A device for restoring the function of the lower extremities, comprising a base with guides, carriages with devices for fixing the limbs, connected via traction to electric drives, the motors of which are connected to the control system, characterized in that the base is equipped with additional motors, on the shafts of which popliteal rollers are fixed through a lever, electric motors are equipped with carriage position sensors, each of the carriages is equipped with two racks, in the upper part of which hinges are connected, connected through brackets with stops for stops, stoppers are installed on the base between the rails, and levers mounted on the brackets adjacent to them are fixed to interact with the stops, the control system includes a microprocessor unit, a power amplifier, an interface unit, a computer, and the microprocessor has its outputs through an amplifier it is connected to the inputs of electric motors, and through an interface unit to a computer, the outputs of the position sensors of the carriages are connected to the inputs of the microprocessor.

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