RU2351380C1 - Gelling composition of oxidising and nucleophilic action for surface neutralisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to multipurpose neutralising and disinfectant compositions to be used for detoxification of bacterial mediums and high-toxic chemical substances on various surfaces of buildings, constructions and equipment, as well as soil in emergency recovery or chemical and/or biological weapons terroristic act remediation within ambient temperature range minus 30 to plus 50°C. Gelling composition of oxidising and nucleophilic action for neutralising surfaces and soil infected with high-toxic chemical substances and vegetative and pustule microorganisms contains urea hydrogen peroxide and/or hydrogen peroxide as an active oxidiser, gelling agent and surface-active substance. Additionally it contains caustic soda and/or sodium metasilicate as an alkali agent, buffer mixture consisting of trisodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate, octyl alcohol as a stabilising defoamant, carboxymethyl cellulose as a filming agent, and isopropyl alcohol spirit as antifreeze. Gelling agent is silicon oxide and/or aluminium oxide, while surface-active substance is sulphanole in ratio as follows, wt %: urea hydrogen peroxide and/or hydrogen peroxide - 12-25, caustic soda and/or sodium metasilicate - 0.4-1.0, silicon oxide and/or aluminium oxide - 1.0-5.0, trisodium phosphate - 0.3-0.5, monosodium phosphate - 0.3-0.5, sulphanole - 0.1-0.2, octyl alcohol - 0-0.2, carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.01-0.15, isopropyl alcohol - 0-40, water - the rest.

EFFECT: gelling composition is ecologically safe and harmless to people and animals, easy-to-prepare and easy-to-use, cost effective.

Description

The invention relates to the field of emergency response, accompanied by infection of human vital objects with bacterial agents (BS) and highly toxic chemicals (BTXV) that enter into oxidation and nucleophilic substitution reactions.

Modern requirements for neutralizing agents along with high efficiency include the absence of their own toxicity and environmental pollution, a favorable profile of side effects. In this regard, the search for means of disinfection of BS and detoxification of BTXV is constantly being carried out, in which a high degree of safety and harmlessness to the environment would be optimally combined.

Known formulations of oxidizing-chlorinating action (aqueous suspensions of calcium hypochlorite (HA), chloramines of various nature, which are used to detoxify the surfaces of infected objects, including weapons and military equipment. For the same purpose nucleophilic formulations are used (solvent alcoholate formulations , RD-2 and the like, aqueous-alkaline solutions [Guide for special processing. - M .: Military Publishing, 1988, Ch. 5.2; Protection against weapons of mass destruction. Edited by Prof. V.V. Myasnikov. - M. : In nizdat, 1989, s.307]). Some of them (hypochlorites and chloramines) have certain disinfectant activity.

These substances and formulations for the neutralization of BTXV are toxic and corrosive agents. The final products of neutralization by them are classified as hazardous and highly hazardous waste requiring further neutralization. In addition, they have such significant drawbacks as a high consumption rate; the need to wipe the infected surface with a brush after treatment, which increases the processing time; destruction of coatings and corrosive effects on metals, plastics and elastomers.

Various formulations are known for disinfecting BS and neutralizing BTXB, including, as a rule, compounds containing active chlorine or active oxygen, as well as alkali metal alkoxides, as an oxidizing and disinfecting component. Thickened formulations are also known in which silica, alumina, natural clays in an amount of up to 30% and surfactants (alkyldimethylamines, etc.) are used as a thickener (US 6455751, A62D 3/00, 09.24.2002 ; US 6369288, A62D 3/00, 04/09/2002; WO 03028429 A62D 3/38, 04/10/2003).

The closest analogue to the proposed technical solution is “Composition for neutralizing chemical and biological toxic substances” (RU 2241509, A62D 3/00, 10.12.2004), containing an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agents, with the addition of a cationic surfactant (quaternary ammonium salt), water-soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, guar gum, etc.), a corrosion inhibitor (dimethylethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc.). The specified composition is effective for the degassing of toxic substances and the disinfection of bacterial agents. However, it has several disadvantages: large losses of oxidizing agent during the treatment of surfaces contaminated with fats and proteins due to the interaction with them of a cationic surfactant present in the composition; instability of a ready-to-use solution due to the accelerated decomposition of hydrogen peroxide under the action of a cationic surfactant, as a result of which the shelf life of the solution does not exceed 6 hours; incompatibility with household detergents, shampoos and soaps; the use of organic water-soluble polymers to obtain a thickened composition leads to the formation of a polymer film on the treated surface, which is difficult to remove from the surface after evaporation of water.

In the light of modern requirements, promising formulations should be environmentally friendly and harmless to humans and animals. With mass application, simplicity of preparation and use, economic affordability of the components included in the formulations are important.

The technical result is achieved by using a gelling formulation of oxidizing and nucleophilic action for the neutralization of surfaces and soil contaminated with highly toxic chemicals and microorganisms in the vegetative and spore form, including hydroperite and / or hydrogen peroxide as an active oxidizing agent, a gelling agent and a surfactant, characterized in that it additionally contains sodium hydroxide and / or sodium metasilicate as an alkaline agent, a buffer mixture consisting of tr sodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate, octyl alcohol as an antifoam stabilizer, carboxymethyl cellulose as a film former, isopropyl alcohol as an antifreeze, and silicon oxide and / or aluminum oxide are used as a gelling agent, and sulfanol is used as a surfactant in the following the ratio of components, wt.%:

hydroperite and / or hydrogen peroxide - 12-25

caustic soda and / or sodium metasilicate - 0.4-1.0

silica and / or alumina - 1.0-5.0

trisodium phosphate - 0.3-0.5

monosodium phosphate - 0.3-0.5

sulfanol - 0.1-0.2

octyl alcohol - 0-0.2

carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.01-0.15

isopropyl alcohol 0-40

water - the rest

Hydroperite or hydrogen peroxide are oxidizing agents, sodium metasilicate and / or caustic soda - create the necessary alkaline environment, silicon oxide and / or alumina - gelling agent, trisodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate - form a buffer mixture to maintain a constant concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) , octyl alcohol is a stabilizer-antifoam of the composition, sulfanol is a surfactant, serves to increase the adhesion of the formulation to the treated surface and increase the solubility of BTXB, film Calling agent - carboxymethyl cellulose - is intended for granulating the components of the formulation into readily soluble granules of the preparation, water as a solvent.

For use in winter conditions, antifreeze, for example, isopropyl alcohol, is introduced into the formulation.

The gelling component of the formulation of silicon oxide or alumina is inert with respect to the oxidizing agent, contributes to the retention of the formulation on a vertical surface, which increases the interaction time of the oxidizing agent with BS and BTXB and leads to the achievement of the required completeness of neutralization. The gelling component in a mixture with the components of the buffer mixture and the surfactant can be used in the form of granules, which simplifies the technology of preparation of the formulation.

The formulations are applied to the infected surface by spraying using existing technical equipment.

A detoxifying gelling formula is prepared by sequentially dissolving the components in water in a specific proportion or granulate these components at room temperature.

At low temperatures, the formulation is prepared by dissolving the preparation in the form of components or granulate components in an aqueous solution of antifreeze.

Quantitative ratios of the components of the formulation are experimentally established. To achieve a positive optimal effect, it is necessary to use (wt.%):

Example 1

Hydroperite - 13.0

Sodium Metasilicate - 1.0

Silica - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium Phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium Phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Water - the rest

Example 2

Hydroperite - 13.0

Sodium Metasilicate - 1.0

Silica - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium Phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium Phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.01

Water - the rest

Example 3

Hydroperite - 13.0

Sodium Metasilicate - 1.0

Silica - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium Phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium Phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.15

Isopropyl alcohol - 40

Water - the rest

Example 4

Hydrogen Peroxide (50%) - 25.0

Sodium hydroxide - 0.4

Silica - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium Phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.05

Water - the rest

Example 5

Hydrogen Peroxide (50%) - 18.0

Sodium hydroxide - 0.4

Alumina - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium Phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.05

Water - the rest

Example 6

Hydrogen Peroxide (50%) - 18.0

Sodium hydroxide - 0.4

Alumina - 3.0-5.0

Trisodium phosphate - 0.5

Monosodium phosphate - 0.5

Sulfanol - 0.1

Octyl alcohol - 0.2

Carboxymethyl cellulose - 0.05

Isopropyl alcohol - 30

Water - the rest

The prepared formulations (according to examples 1-3) treated the surfaces infected with BTXB (dichlorvos, metaphos). For spraying recipes used household spray type "Quasar".

For infection, standard building materials were used, non-absorbent (tile) and absorbent (floor ceramic tile, brick, concrete) VTHV. After infection and subsequent treatment with the formulations, the surfaces were kept for 2-4 hours at room temperature until the formulations dried on the surface and turned into powder. Then the surfaces were washed with water or treated with a vacuum cleaner to remove residual powder. After that, the residual content of BTXB on the treated surface was determined.

The data obtained are presented in table 1.

Table 1 No. p / p Recipe Material of the processed surface The residual amount of BTXB, mg / cm ² on the treated surface one Comparison experience (formulation without gel) Tile (4.7 ± 0.6) · 10 ^-6 Floor tiles (1.8 ± 0.3) · 10 ^-5 Brick (3.6 ± 0.5) · 10 ^-5 Concrete (6.4 ± 0.6) · 10 ^-5 2 Example 1 Tile <1 · 10 ^-7 Floor tiles <1 · 10 ^-7 Brick <1 · 10 ^-7 Concrete <1 · 10 ^-7 3 Example 2 Tile <1 · 10 ^-7 Floor tiles <1 · 10 ^-7 Brick <1 · 10 ^-7 Concrete <1 · 10 ^-7 four Example 3 Tile <1 · 10 ^-7 Floor tiles <1 · 10 ^-7 Brick <1 · 10 ^-7 Concrete <1 · 10 ^-7

It has been established that the necessary efficiency of neutralizing surfaces that do not absorb VTXB (drip tile) is achieved with a single treatment with a flow rate of 0.5 l / m ² .

The effectiveness of the neutralization of surfaces absorbing VTHV (floor tiles, bricks, concrete) is achieved by double treatment with a total formulation consumption rate of 1.0 l / m ² .

Moreover, the residual content of substances on the surface did not exceed 1 · 10 ^-7 mg / cm ² , which corresponds to the existing sanitary and epidemiological requirements.

The completeness of neutralization was also evaluated in experiments on laboratory animals (rats) in determining the acute toxicity of detoxification products. It is shown that the resulting detoxification products are harmless and belong to hazard class 4 according to GOST 12.1.007-76.

Oxidizing gel-forming formulations using hydrogen peroxide and / or hydroperite detoxify BTXB molecules due to hydrolytic decomposition and oxidative degradation with their transformation into low toxic compounds.

It has been experimentally shown that the necessary efficiency of neutralization by gel-forming formulations of various surfaces, including vertical ones, is achieved within 2-4 hours after treatment with flow rates from 0.5 to 1.0 l / m ² .

The disinfecting effectiveness of gel-forming formulations was studied both on vegetative and spore forms of microorganisms on the same types of surfaces that were mentioned above.

Laboratory cultures were used as microorganisms: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (vegetative forms); Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium (spore forms).

After infection, the surfaces after 30 minutes were treated with the recipe (Example 1) with a flow rate of 0.2 l / m ² .

Upon completion of the exposure interaction of the proposed formulation with test microorganisms, the test surfaces were turned over and placed on Petri dishes with full LB agar (biocidal test).

The data obtained are presented in table 2.

table 2 Bacterial strains Machined surfaces Bacteria titers Exposure time 0.5 hours 1 hour Kolich. Bacter. Caption (cells / ml) Kolich. Bacter. Caption (cells / ml) E. coli (vegetative form) Tile 1 · 10 ⁷ 40 400 Lack of Lack of Floor. tile 1 · 10 ⁷ fifty 500 - \\ - - \\ - Brick 1 · 10 ⁷ 40 400 - \\ - - \\ - Concrete 1 · 10 ⁷ 5 fifty - \\ - - \\ - Ps. aerugenosa (vegetative form) Tile 1 · 10 ⁷ 5 fifty - \\ - - \\ - Floor. tile 1 · 10 ⁷ fourteen 140 - \\ - - \\ - Brick 1 · 10 ⁷ 19 190 - \\ - - \\ - Concrete 1 · 10 ⁷ eleven 110 - \\ - - \\ - B.cereus (disputes) Tile 1 · 10 ⁸ 40 400 - \\ - - \\ - Floor. tile 1 · 10 ⁸ 60 600 - \\ - - \\ - Brick 1 · 10 ⁸ 21 210 - \\ - - \\ - Concrete 1 · 10 ⁸ 29th 290 - \\ - - \\ - B. megaterium (spores) Tile 1 · 10 ⁸ 33 330 - \\ - - \\ - Floor. tile 1 · 10 ⁸ 35 350 - \\ - - \\ - Brick 1 · 10 ⁸ fourteen 140 - \\ - - \\ - Concrete 1 · 10 ⁸ fourteen 140 - \\ - - \\ -

It was shown that the disinfecting ability of formulations when treating surfaces infected with vegetative and spore forms of microorganisms is achieved at a rate of 0.2 l / m ² for one hour.

The gel-forming formulations of the oxidizing and nucleophilic types possess the required reactivity with respect to all BSs and most BTXBs, and are effective when used on any surfaces, including vertical ones, at any angle of inclination. The neutralization of surfaces infected with BS and VTHV is carried out at low consumption rates and allows you to achieve the required values of sanitary standards without harming human and animal health, as well as the environment.

The starting components for the preparation of a gelling formulation are economically available. Formulation is carried out using standard equipment.

The proposed formulation is effective, harmless, environmentally friendly and economical to use.

Claims (1)

A gel-forming formula of oxidizing and nucleophilic action for the neutralization of surfaces and soil contaminated with highly toxic chemicals and microorganisms in the vegetative and spore form, including hydroperite and / or hydrogen peroxide as an active oxidizing agent, a gel-forming agent and a surfactant, characterized in that it additionally contains sodium hydroxide and / or sodium metasilicate as an alkaline agent, buffer mixture consisting of trisodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate, octyl alcohol Hg as a stabilizer, a defoamer, carboxymethyl cellulose as film former, isopropyl alcohol as antifreeze, wherein as a gelling agent use a silica and / or alumina, and as surfactant - sulfanol at the following component ratio, wt.%:
hydroperite and / or hydrogen peroxide 12-25 caustic soda and / or sodium metasilicate 0.4-1.0 silica and / or alumina 1.0-5.0 trisodium phosphate 0.3-0.5 monosodium phosphate 0.3-0.5 sulfanol 0.1-0.2 octyl alcohol 0-0.2 carboxymethyl cellulose 0.01-0.15 isopropyl alcohol 0-40 water rest