RU2347558C2 - Medication for treatment of dog's pyroplasmosis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: medication includes Berenil as active substance and dissolvent - water, and additional dissolvent - dimephosphone, with the following ratio of components (g per 100 ml of water): berenil - 17.0-18.0; dimephosphone - 0.5-1.0; water for injection up to 100 ml. Medication is quickly absorbed and has prolonged action.

EFFECT: accumulation of medication in sufficient therapeutical concentration in place of predominant localisation of piroplasmas.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of veterinary protozoology, in particular to a preparation for treating animal diseases with pyroplasmosis.

Dog pyroplasmosis is an acute and chronically occurring disease caused by Piroplasma canis. The carriers of Piroplasma canis are ticks Dermacentor pictus, D.marginatus, Rhipicicephalus sanquineus and Rh.turanicus. The disease occurs as a result of penetration and multiplication of protozoa in blood cells - red blood cells with their subsequent death, as well as damage to the blood-forming organs - the liver and spleen. In animals, pyroplasmosis is manifested by high temperature, anemia and yellowness of the mucous membranes, as well as hemoglobinuria and damage to the blood-forming organs - the liver and spleen.

Currently, in dogs with pyroplasmosis, specific antiprotozoal drugs veriben, azidine, imizole are used. All drugs are administered intramuscularly in the form of a suspension of 7% concentration. Before their introduction, it is recommended to use heart preparations as a preparatory therapy: cordiamine, sulfocamphocaine, etc. In case of subacute course of pyroplasmosis, repeated administration of drugs is recommended [1].

With the development of intoxication against the background of the multiplication of protozoa - pyroplasm, active neutrophil chemotaxis to the focus of inflammation occurs, where they, absorbing and digesting a foreign agent, change their metabolic activity, which is characterized by increased oxygen uptake, increased glucose utilization and hyperproduction of reactive oxygen species. Ultimately, there is an imbalance in the processes of lipid peroxidation and the AOD system, which can lead to hypoxia in organs and tissues, leading to the death of the animal.

Also known antiprotozoal drug Berenil. It belongs to the group of medium toxic drugs, LD ₅₀ = 256 mg / kg. Berenil acts directly on parasites of the genus Babesia and, in addition, it has antibacterial and fungostatic effects.

The drug is used as follows: Berenil - 2.36 g is dissolved in 12.5 ml of water for injection and is administered as a suspension intramuscularly at a dose of 1 ml / 10 kg of animal body weight, once or twice. If necessary, during the ongoing acute course of pyroplasmosis, the drug is administered repeatedly [2].

All antiprotozoal substances have a toxic effect not only against the causative agent of the disease, but also adversely affect the body of the animal, with subsequent side effects from the liver, since the drugs stay in this organ for a long time.

Known and well-studied in medicine and veterinary medicine is an antioxidant drug - dimephosphon.

Dimephosphonum (Dimephosphonum) is 1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutylphosphonic acid dimethyl ester. It belongs to the group of low toxic drugs, LD ₅₀ = 3100 ± 174 mg / kg.

Dimephosphon improves tissue metabolism and has an anti-acidotic effect. It also has cytoprotective, antihypoxic and radioprotective effects. It normalizes the regulation of cerebral circulation and brain metabolism, improves blood vessels in the brain and venous blood flow. The action of dimephosphone is not associated with the neutralization of excess acid compounds, but with the activation of metabolic mechanisms of regulation of the acid-base state of the body [3].

The objective of our research was to obtain an effective, non-toxic and convenient to use complex preparation for the treatment of dog pyroplasmosis.

The proposed drug has the following composition, g per 100 ml of water:

Berenil  17.0-18.0 Dimephosphone (official.)  0.5 g-1.0 Water for injection Up to 100.0 ml

A method of manufacturing the drug is as follows (per 1 liter of the finished drug): take Berenil in an amount of 170.0-180.0 g, dimephosphon - 5.0-10.0 g. The total volume of the resulting composition is adjusted to a liter with water for injection. Mix well until a clear suspension is obtained.

Example 1. Studies were conducted on 13 puppies (3 and 5 months of age) and 15 adult dogs (from 1.5-6 years of age). The control group included: 6 puppies and 7 adult dogs, the experimental group - 7 puppies and 8 adult dogs.

The control and experimental groups included animals with an acute, subacute form of the course of pyroplasmosis, as well as animals that were infected again.

The diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical symptoms of the disease, as well as on the basis of "+" - the result of a blood smear microscopy stained by the Romanovsky-Giemsa method.

The proposed drug for administration to the experimental group is prepared as follows. Based on 100 ml of the finished product, Berenil is weighed - 18.0 g; dimephosphone - 1.0 g; water for injection - the rest.

For adult dogs and puppies (from 3 months of age and above) of the experimental group, the drug was administered at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of body weight, intramuscularly, once. In some puppies, after administration of the suspension, insignificant shortness of breath, palpitations was observed.

The control group was administered a standard suspension of the drug: Berenil - 0.24; water for injection - 12.5 ml. Adult dogs and puppies (from 3 months of ^age and above) of the experimental group, the drug was administered in a dose of 1 ml / 10 kg body weight, intramuscularly, once. In some puppies, after administration of the suspension, increased shortness of breath and rapid heartbeat were observed.

The treatment effectiveness of the proposed drug was 86.6%, and when Berenil was administered with water for injection, it was 69.3%.

Example 2. Studies were conducted on 20 puppies (3 and 6 months of age) and 16 adult dogs (from 1.5-6 years of age), on the basis of the clinic "Capital Zoo Center" (Moscow, 2004) . The control group included: 8 puppies and 8 adult dogs, the experimental group - 8 puppies and 8 adult dogs.

The control and experimental groups included animals with an acute, subacute form of the course of pyroplasmosis, as well as animals that were infected again.

The diagnosis was made analogously to example 1.

The drug for administration to the experimental group is prepared analogously to example 1, but 17.5 g are taken per 100 ml of the finished preparation of Berenil; dimephosphone - 1.0 g; water for injection - the rest.

For adult dogs and puppies (3 months of age and above), the suspension was administered at a dose of 1-1.2 ml per 10 kg of body weight, intramuscularly, once. In puppies and adult dogs, after administration of the suspension, the heart rate was normal; shortness of breath was not observed.

The control group was administered a standard suspension of the drug: Berenil - 0.24 g; water for injection - 12.5 ml. For adult dogs and puppies (from 3 months of age and above) of the experimental group, the drug was administered at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of body weight, intramuscularly, once. In some puppies, after administration of the suspension, increased shortness of breath, palpitations was observed.

The treatment efficiency with the administration of Berenil in combination with dimephosphone was 87.5%, and with the administration of Berenil with water for injection, it was 56.3%.

Studies have shown that the percentage of cured animals that were injected with a drug containing a reduced proportion of Berenil by 1/4 of the primary (see example No. 1) with dimephosphone was higher compared to the control group, which was administered Berenil with water for injection. Side effects in animals of the experimental group were not observed.

Example 3. Studies were conducted on 17 puppies (3 and 6 months of age) and 15 adult dogs (from 1.5-6 years of age), on the basis of the clinic "Capital Zoo Center" (Moscow, 2005) . The control group included: 8 puppies and 7 adult dogs, the experimental group - 9 puppies and 8 adult dogs.

The control and experimental groups included animals with an acute, subacute form of the course of pyroplasmosis, as well as animals that were infected again.

The diagnosis was made analogously to example 1.

The drug for administration to the experimental group is prepared analogously to example 1, but for 100 g of the finished drug Berenil take - 19.0 g; dimephosphone - 0.5 g; water for injection - the rest. For adult dogs and puppies (3 months of age and above), the suspension was administered at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of animal weight, intramuscularly, once.

The control group was administered a standard suspension of Berenil: Berenil - 0.24 g; water for injection - 12.5 ml. For adult dogs and puppies (from 3 months of age and above) of the experimental group, the drug was administered at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of weight, intramuscularly, once. In some puppies, after administration of the suspension, increased shortness of breath, palpitations was observed.

The effectiveness of treatment with the introduction of Berenil in combination with dimephosphone was 70.5%, and with the administration of Berenil with water for injection - 73.3%.

Example 4. The study was conducted on 20 puppies (3-, 7- and 6-month olds) and 16 adult dogs (from 1.5- to 6-year-olds) at the experimental base (Lysy Island, Tver Region) in 2005 year

The control troupe consisted of 8 puppies and 8 adult dogs, the experimental group - 8 dogs and 8 puppies.

The diagnosis was made analogously to example 1.

The preparation for administration to the experimental group was prepared analogously to Example 1, but 17.0 g, dimephosphone 0.5 g, water for injection - the rest were taken per 100 ml of the finished preparation of Berenil.

The control group was administered a standard suspension of Berenil 0.24 g per 12.5 ml of water for injection. For adult dogs and puppies from 3-4 months of age and above (experimental group), the drug was administered at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of body weight intramuscularly, once. Abnormalities were observed in some animals. The treatment efficiency with the administration of Berenil with dimephosphone was 85.7%, and with the administration of Berenil with water for injection - 56.8%.

The use of a preparation containing Berenil above 18.0 g is impractical, since after its administration, residual intoxication effects were observed in animals, manifested by yellowness of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and conjunctiva.

The use of a preparation containing Berenil below 17.0 g does not provide sufficient therapy effectiveness.

Technical relevance is that:

- Berenil was taken as the active substance, and as a solvent, dimephosphon, which is also an antioxidant with antihypoxic, cytoprotective effects and, in addition, normalizes the regulation of cerebral circulation and brain metabolism, improves blood vessels in the brain and venous blood flow of the cerebral circulation and is also an activator metabolic mechanisms of regulation of the acid-base state of the body;

- the components that make up the proposed drug, in addition to their compatibility and low toxicity, made it possible to obtain a drug with high efficiency in the treatment of dog pyroplasmosis.

The proposed drug has the following advantages:

- simple in composition and manufacture and effective in all cases of the course of dog pyroplasmosis;

- the drug is medium toxic LD ₅₀ = 359.2 ± 75.8 mg / kg;

- after administration of the drug there are no side effects such as arrhythmia and shortness of breath;

- when using the drug, it is not necessary to re-introduce it, since the drug is rapidly absorbed and has a prolonged effect due to its solvent and antioxidant - dimephosphone;

- the drug during the course of pyroplasmosis enters and accumulates in a sufficient therapeutic concentration, in the place of primary localization of pyroplasm - blood and spleen.

The proposed drug has been tested by us with positive results in the treatment of dog pyroplasmosis (2004-2005). The effectiveness of therapy in its use is 87.5%.

The proposed drug will be widely used in private and clinical practice in the treatment of dog pyroplasmosis.

We ask the proposed drug to be called Beridone according to the approved documentation.

Information sources

1. Abuladze K.I. Parasitology and invasive diseases of farm animals. M .: Kolos, 1982, p. 67-68.

2. Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa 2006, pp. 72-78.

3. Burlakova E.B., Arkhipov G.V., Goloshchapov A.I. Bioantioxidants in the regulation of metabolism are normal and pathological. M .: Nauka, 1982, p. 74-82.

4. Directory of Veterinary Medicines in Russia, ed. I.F.Klenova et al. M.: Selkhozizdat, 2000, p. 249.

Claims (1)

A medicine for treating dog pyroplasmosis, including Berenil and a solvent - water, characterized in that Berenil is taken as the active substance and dimephosphon is additionally taken as a solvent, while the components included in the preparation are taken in the following ratio, g per 100 ml water:
Berenil 17.0-18.0 Dimephosphone 0.5-1.0 Water for injection Up to 100 ml