RU2342557C1 - Diesel fuel pre-heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating systems, fuel.

SUBSTANCE: diesel fuel pre-heating device refers to heat engineering, and namely to heat generators, and can be used in diesel motors of transport vehicles and power plants. Fluid heating device consists of a housing having an inner shell and an outer shell, inlet connection, pump, means intended for supplying and swirling the fluid flow from inner shell into the outer one, outlet connection, and swirlers located in inner shell. Inner and outer shells of housing are located coaxially relative to each other and made in the form of conic surfaces with installed leakproof bases, which are opposite directed and connected with their tops. Cavity formed by inner shell serves as a fluid flow accelerator, and the means intended for supplying and swirling the fluid flow is located before one of the bases and made in the form of a projection on a sector not less than 1/3 of diameter of inner shell cone end, whereto a cone-shaped inlet connection is installed tangentially relative to conic surface in the specified direction of fluid rotation during maximum approaching the opposite base.

EFFECT: invention improves diesel fuel heating efficiency, reduces power consumption, and enhances functional capabilities by pre-heating the diesel fuel.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat engineering, namely to heat generators, and can be used in diesel engines of vehicles and power plants.

Known vortex heater (see patent RU 2129689, IPC F25V 29/00, 04/27/99, bull. No. 12), adopted as a prototype. The vortex heater contains a cylindrical body, consisting of an inner shell, an outer shell and a bottom located at one end of the housing. At the other end of the casing, a fluid accelerator is installed, made in the form of a cyclone, designed to swirl the fluid in the inner shell. The inlet of the cyclone is designed to connect the heater to the pressure output of the pump. At the end of the inner shell, near the bottom there is a means for supplying and swirling the fluid flow from the inner shell to the outer shell. This tool is made in the form of two slots in the inner shell adjacent to the bottom and located diametrically opposite. In the lower part of the outer shell from the side of the cyclone tangentially in the direction of rotation of the liquid, an outlet pipe is installed for connecting to a pump or heating system. To ensure constant rotation along the entire inner shell at some distance from the cyclone, screw swirls are installed to ensure rotation of the flow with an angular velocity close to the speed at the exit of the cyclone.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- insufficient use of the functionality of the device;

- insufficient heat output.

The invention solves the problem: increasing the efficiency of the device, reducing energy consumption.

The technical result obtained by carrying out the invention is to expand the functionality by pre-heating diesel fuel in order to facilitate starting the engine at low temperature.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a device for heating a liquid containing a housing having an inner and outer shell, an inlet pipe, a pump, means for supplying and swirling the fluid flow from the inner shell to the outer shell, an outlet pipe, swirls located in the inner shell , it is new that the inner and outer shells of the housing are located coaxially relative to each other and are made in the form of counter-directed and connected by their vertices conical surfaces with hermetically sealed bases, the cavity formed by the inner shell acts as an accelerator of fluid movement, and the means for feeding and swirling the fluid flow is located in front of one of the bases and is made in the form of a step on the sector of at least 1/3 of the diameter of the end face of the cone of the inner shell, to which it is tangential relative to the conical surface along the intended course of rotation of the liquid at the maximum approximation to the opposite base, an inlet cone is installed.

In the cavity formed by the inner shell, pins having spiral grooves are installed.

Before the inlet pipe of the pump and after the outlet pipe, valves are installed, the pipes are interconnected by a bypass pipe.

A fine filter is installed in the outlet pipe.

To seal the pump shaft, a seal is installed that can work in aggressive (toxic, combustible) environments.

The execution of the housing from coaxially located relative to each other inner and outer shells, made in the form of counter-directed and connected by their tops conical surfaces with hermetically sealed bases, due to the following factors:

- the need to accelerate a rotating flow of liquid (fuel) flowing through a tapering conical cavity, an aperture in the inner and then in the outer shell, and at the junction of two opposite directional cones, the flow acquires maximum speed at minimum pressure;

- with further movement of the fluid flow in the expanding inner and outer shells, a decrease in speed occurs with increasing pressure and the formation of cavitation cavities of small diameter;

- processes caused by changes in speed and pressure are accompanied by heating of the fluid (fuel) flow, including due to the collapse of cavitation cavities.

In order to simplify the design, the role of the fluid accelerator is played by the tapering part of the cavity formed by the inner shell to which tangentially relative to the conical surface in the direction of rotation of the liquid (fuel), a conical shape inlet pipe is installed as close to the base of the cone of the inner shell as the fluid flows through it accelerates and, entering the inner shell, acquires a rotational-translational direction of motion.

To ensure the flow of fluid with subsequent swirling into the outer shell from the inner shell, in the latter, a step is made on the sector of at least 1/3 of the diameter of the end face of the cone of the inner shell located in front of one of the bases, which allows the fluid to flow out from one cavity to another with an additional a change in the general direction of motion and the shape of the flow, while maintaining the rotational component of motion.

To stabilize the rotational-translational form of motion of the fluid (fuel) flow inside the cavity formed by the inner shell, pins having spiral grooves are installed. This allows you to provide the necessary flow stability at the initial stage of the liquid (fuel) advancement in the inner shell and to provide a kinetic energy reserve for the flow to pass through the outer shell. The diameter of the pins is much smaller than the diameter taken in any section of the conical surface of the inner shell, which does not cause large losses of kinetic energy of the fluid flow.

To ensure the convenience of installation work and to turn off the device after completion of the preheating, valves are installed in front of the pump inlet and after the outlet.

Due to the fact that the object of heating in this case is hydrocarbon fuel (diesel fuel), which has the ability to ignite and a certain degree of toxicity, to seal the pump shaft, it is necessary to use a seal capable of working in contact with aggressive (toxic, combustible) environments, which ensures high safety when using the device, and the surfaces in contact with the liquid (fuel) are in a stationary state, excluding sparking.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a device for preheating diesel fuel, a General view; figure 2 - diagram of the heating of diesel fuel.

The device for preheating diesel fuel (UPPDT) contains a housing 1, consisting of an inner shell 2 and an outer shell 3, coaxially arranged relative to each other, made in the form of counter-directed and connected by their tops conical surfaces with hermetically installed bases 4 and 5. The role of the accelerator the movement of the fluid is performed by the tapering part of the cavity formed by the inner shell 2. The means for supplying and swirling the fluid flow from the inner shell 2 into the outer shell 3 is distributed laid in front of the base 4 and made in the form of a step 6 on a sector of at least 1/3 of the diameter of the end of the cone of the inner shell 2. Tangentially relative to the conical surface of the inner shell 2 along the intended course of rotation of the liquid at the maximum approximation to the opposite base 5 is installed inlet pipe 7 of a conical shape, hermetically installed in the outer shell 3. And the outlet pipe 8 is installed tangentially relative to the conical surface of the outer shell 3 along the intended course of fluid rotation to the maximum th approximation to the base 5.

Inside the conical surfaces of the inner shell 2, pins 9 are installed, having spiral grooves 10, to stabilize the rotational-translational form of fluid flow. To supply liquid under pressure, a pump 11 is installed in the inlet pipe 7. Valves 12 are installed in front of the pump inlet 11 and after the outlet pipe 8. They are interconnected by a bypass pipe 13. A fine filter 14 is installed in the outlet pipe 8 for cleaning fuel in pre-heating period. To seal the shaft of the pump 11, a seal is used that can operate in aggressive (toxic, combustible) environments (not shown in the drawing). A device for heating diesel fuel is installed directly after the fuel tank 15 of the diesel engine and is connected to the low pressure fuel pipe 16 and the return fuel pipe 17.

A device for preheating diesel fuel (UPPDT) works as follows.

After installing the device in the fuel system of a vehicle or power plant, the valves 12 open, the pump 11 is turned on. The liquid (fuel) from the fuel tank 15 enters the pump 11 through the low pressure fuel line 16. Under pressure from the pump 11 through the inlet pipe 7, it accelerates, it enters tangentially into the inner shell 2, where it acquires a rotational-translational direction of motion. Moving in the inner shell 2, the fluid flow first accelerates, and then slows down its movement. The pins 9 with spiral grooves 10 stabilize the movement of a rotating fluid flow. When the base 4 is reached, the rotating flow through the hole formed by the step 6 enters the conical cavity between the inner 2 and outer 3 shells, where the liquid (fuel) accelerates and slows down, accompanied by the release of thermal energy. The outlet pipe 8 with a fine filter 14 is connected to the suction pipe of the pump 11 through the bypass pipe 13, designed to provide additional fluid circulation. The heated fluid is discharged through the outlet pipe 8, and then through the valve 12 it enters the return fuel pipe 17 and the fuel tank 15. After the diesel fuel is heated, the valves 12 are closed. The fuel from the fuel tank 15 through the low pressure fuel line 16 enters the fuel filter with a manual booster pump (TF with LDP) and then to the high pressure fuel pump (TNVD), which delivers the fuel through the high pressure fuel line (ТПВД) to the nozzles (F), injecting fuel into cylinders. The fuel leaked through the nozzle elements is discharged through a discharge pipe (TO) to the editorial valve of the injection pump and then, via a return line 17, is discharged into the fuel tank 15.

Claims (5)

1. A device for heating a liquid, comprising a housing having an inner and outer shell, an inlet pipe, a pump, means for supplying and swirling the fluid flow from the inner shell to the outer shell, an outlet pipe, swirls located in the inner shell, characterized in that the inner and the outer shell of the body are coaxially relative to each other and are made in the form of counter-directed and connected by their tops conical surfaces with hermetically installed bases, the role will accelerate In order to move the fluid, the cavity is formed by the cavity formed by the inner shell, and the means for feeding and swirling the fluid flow is located in front of one of the bases and is made in the form of a step on the sector of at least 1/3 of the diameter of the end of the cone of the inner shell, to which it tangentially relative to the conical surface along the intended path the rotation of the fluid at the maximum approximation to the opposite base is installed inlet conical shape. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cavity formed by the inner shell, pins are installed having spiral grooves. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in front of the pump inlet pipe and after the outlet pipe valves are installed, the pipes are interconnected by a bypass pipe. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a fine filter is installed in the outlet pipe. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that for sealing the pump shaft a seal is installed that is able to work in aggressive (toxic, combustible) environments.

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