RU2340216C1 - Dietary supplement and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dietary supplements (DS). The DS contains concentrate of alcohol sand dollar extract including echinochrome A in the amount of 0.75-0.85%, ascorbic acid, fructose, ethanol and water in the following ratio of components, wt %: concentrate of alcohol sand dollar extract - 3.0-4.0, ascorbic acid - 0.3-0.5, fructose - 1.2-1.5, ethanol - 30.0-33.0, water- remaining part. Method of DS production implies extraction of sand dollars during 22-24 hours by 96% ethanol with the relation raw material : ethanol equal to 1:(1-1.2) with the addition of ascorbic acid water solution. Relation of ascorbic acid solution to ethanol accounts for 1:(25-35). Then the extract is filtered and evaporated in vacuum up to 30-33% of the original volume. Afterwards the obtained alcohol extract concentrate is diluted up to the original volume by 1.5-2.5% fructose solution in drinking water. The solution is further placed into a cooling chamber with the temperature of 4°C for 6-8 days. The sediments are separated and the solution is refined by microfiltration through hollow fibres.

EFFECT: invention allows manufacturing of a new dietary supplement facilitating lipid metabolism up to normal level and having hypolipidemic and antioxidant action.

3 cl, 6 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to biologically active food additives of the parapharmaceutical series, intended for prophylaxis, auxiliary therapy in order to reduce the risk of developing metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and other diseases associated with a decrease in the antioxidant status of the body.

Known biologically active food supplement "DNA-VIT" with immunomodulating and cancer-preventing properties (RU 2176893 C2, 20.12.2001). The dietary supplement contains DNA from salmon milk, a complex of B vitamins, microcellulose, ascorbic acid, glucose or sugar, calcium stearate.

Known biologically active food supplement "TINROSTIM-C" (RU 2105504, 02.27.1998). Supplements are used as a dietary product of a general strengthening and immunostimulating effect. The composition of the additive includes: ganglin (peptide immunostimulant from squid nervous tissue) 0.2-0.4%, ascorbic acid 9-11%, glucose - the rest. Supplements are available in powder form.

A dietary supplement of general strengthening and immunostimulating action is known, which includes tinrostim, mollusks (scallop mantle hydrolyzate), ascorbic acid, microcellulose, starch, calcium stearate, nucleoprotein complex from salmon milk (RU 2223670 C1, 02.20.2004). The drug is available in the form of tablets.

There is a method of producing a complex biologically active food supplement based on marine hydrobionts (options), which provides for the immobilization of a biologically active substance on a polysaccharide (RU 2289956 C1, 12/27/2006). In this case, either a solution of an enzymatic hydrolyzate of a protein-peptide complex of animal origin, or a solution of an enzymatic hydrolyzate of a nucleoprotein complex of animal origin, or a solution of an enzymatic hydrolyzate of a protein-oligosaccharide complex of animal origin are used as a biologically active substance.

As a prototype, both for the intended purpose and the natural source of the biologically active substance, a food biologically active additive was selected that contains fish oil and a concentrate of carotenoids from cucumaria or an extract of phospholipid concentrate (PL) with saponins from sea cucumber, stars or an extract of phospholipid concentrate from gonads sea urchin (RU 2225210 C1, 03/10/2004).

To obtain dietary supplement “Fish oil with phospholipids”, edible fish oil obtained from sea urchin gonads was previously dissolved in ethanol at a ratio of PL concentrate and alcohol 1: 3 and a temperature of 20 ° C for 3 hours. The alcoholic extract of FL was dissolved in fish oil at a ratio of 1: 9. The resulting product was encapsulated and packaged in plastic bags.

Supplements can be used in diet therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, in particular, an additive containing fish oil with phospholipids from sea urchin gonads is recommended for people suffering from coronary heart disease, with hyperlipidemia, prevention of atherosclerosis, thrombosis.

However, the known dietary supplement based on a concentrate of phospholipids from gonads of a sea urchin does not contain antioxidants.

Among the factors contributing to the development of the most common diseases of the cardiovascular system, psychoemotional overloads are increasingly coming to the fore. The treatment of these diseases is associated with significant costs associated with the high cost of drugs and the duration of the course of treatment. Currently, there is an increasing need for the development and introduction of biologically active additives, including exogenous antioxidants and other biologically active substances, which have the ability to effectively stimulate and maintain antioxidant defenses of the body when exposed to excessive stress factors.

The problem solved by the invention, expanding the range of dietary supplements to food based on biologically active substances obtained from marine aquatic organisms, and developing a method for producing dietary supplements from flat sea urchins.

The problem is solved in that a biologically active food supplement based on a biologically active substance obtained from marine aquatic organisms, according to the invention as a biologically active substance contains an alcohol extract concentrate of flat sea urchins containing echinochrome A in an amount of 0.75-0.85% , and additionally contains ascorbic acid, fructose, ethyl alcohol and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

Concentrate of alcoholic extract flat sea urchins containing echinochrome A in the amount of 0.75-0.85% 3.0-4.0 Vitamin C 0.3-0.5 Fructose 1.2-1.5 Ethanol 30.0-33.0 Water Rest

The content of echinochrome A in dietary supplements is 0.025-0.030 wt.%.

The problem was also solved by the development of a method for producing dietary supplements from flat sea urchins. The essence of the method of obtaining the inventive dietary supplement for food is as follows: the raw material is a flat sea urchin, freshly harvested or defrosted, loaded into a glass reactor, washed with water and dried. Then the raw material is poured with ethanol 96 ° food at a ratio of 1- (1-1.2) with the addition of 10% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid at a ratio of a solution of ascorbic acid: ethyl alcohol 1- (25-35) and extracted for 22-24 hours infusion method. The resulting extract is drained, filtered through a cloth, cotton or cardboard filters and evaporated in vacuo to 30-33% of the original volume. To the resulting concentrate add a 1.5-2.5% solution of fructose in drinking water to the original volume. The distilled ethyl alcohol is returned to the extraction stage.

The resulting solution is placed for 6-8 days in a refrigerator at a temperature of 4 ° C, then the solution is decanted, purified by microfiltration on hollow fibers and analyzed. Supplements are Packed in glass bottles of 50-100 ml or in glass jars with a volume of 3 l and tightly corked with aluminum caps or caps.

BAA is a clear liquid without turbidity, foreign particles. Light opalescence is allowed. During storage, precipitation is possible. Color - red with a brown tint. Taste - slightly brackish, typical of seafood without extraneous taste and smell.

Shelf life is 1 year. Storage conditions: at a temperature of 0 to 20 ° C in a dark place and relative humidity not more than 85%.

According to microbiological indicators and the content of toxic elements, pesticides and radionuclides, the claimed dietary supplement meets the requirements of SanPin.

The technical result consists in creating a new biologically active food supplement, contributing to bringing the lipid metabolism to a normal level. This action of the claimed dietary supplement leads to a decrease in risk factors associated with a decrease in the antioxidant status of the body, affecting the damage to the cardiovascular and other body systems.

The invention provides increased efficiency of the physiological system of antioxidant defense of the body due to the synergistic action of the powerful natural antioxidant echinochrome A, which is part of the alcohol extract concentrate, and ascorbic acid. The components that make up the dietary supplement are selected in the ratio that most effectively mobilizes the body's defenses.

Selenium in a concentration of 0.15 μg / ml, phospholipids (0.27%), free amino acids and peptides (0.3%), carbohydrates (0.6%) and a macro and trace elements.

Echinochrome A has the ability to interrupt the pathological processes of free radical oxidation in the body associated with the appearance of such dangerous radicals as ROS - active oxygen species. Echinochrome A is able to bind and remove most of the biochemical reactions dangerous free trace elements ^{(Fe ++, Fe +++, Cu} ++). A fall in the ROS level under the influence of echinochrome A reduces the risk of many of the most dangerous human diseases, stabilizes cell membranes, suppresses lipid peroxidation, and helps prolong an active lifestyle and longevity. Selenium-containing peptides activate the most important selenium-dependent antioxidant enzymes in humans. Phospholipids regulate blood coagulation and prevent blood clots.

Ascorbic acid takes part in many types of redox reactions, ensures normal permeability of the walls of the capillary vessels, participates in the synthesis of steroid hormones of the adrenal cortex, thyroid hormones, stimulates the function of collagen synthesizing cells, promotes the absorption of iron and normal blood formation, helps to keep teeth healthy, bones, muscles. Vitamin C has a general strengthening, antioxidant effect, increases the body's resistance to infectious diseases, stress loads, adverse environmental influences, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.

The authors found that in the absence of ascorbic acid, the alcoholic extract of flat sea urchins very quickly loses activity, because echinochrome A, being a stabilizer of fats and oils to oxidation, is involved in the prevention of peroxidation of lipids and fatty acids present in the extract, and therefore quickly decomposes. Ascorbic acid, due to the nature of its structure in solutions, interacts with echinochrome A, protecting it from decay. There is a so-called phenomenon of autocatalysis. The amount of ascorbic acid in the dietary supplement should be no less than the stoichiometric ratio: 1 mol of echinochrome A per 1 mol of ascorbic acid. At the same time, ascorbic acid protects the composition of dietary supplements from oxidation, which ensures a long shelf life and, in addition, ascorbic acid in the claimed composition of dietary supplements provides the daily requirement of the human body for vitamin C.

The invention provides the expansion of the range of dietary supplements - parapharmaceuticals based on biologically active substances obtained from marine aquatic organisms, the expansion of the raw material base for biologically active food additives intended for the prevention and / or auxiliary therapy in order to reduce the risk of developing metabolic disorders, cardiovascular and other diseases associated with a decrease in the antioxidant status of the body.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Obtaining the inventive biologically active food additives

Raw materials - flat sea urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis, freshly harvested or defrosted, in the amount of 50 kg is loaded into the reactor. The raw materials are washed with drinking water and dried by draining water for 30 minutes. Next, the raw material is poured with ethanol 96 ° food in a weight ratio of 1: 1 with raw materials (50 kg) with the addition of 1.5 l of a 10% solution of ascorbic acid in drinking water and extracted for 24 hours. The resulting extract is drained, filtered through a cloth, cotton or cardboard filters and evaporated in vacuo. The distilled ethyl alcohol is returned to the extraction stage.

The concentrate in an amount of 16.5 kg is diluted with a solution of 0.5 kg of fructose in 33 liters of drinking water. The resulting solution in an amount of 50 l is placed for 6 days in a refrigerator, then decanted, purified by microfiltration and analyzed. The product is Packed in glass bottles or jars with screw caps of 50-100 ml and tightly corked.

Example 2. Supplements obtained in example 1, contains, wt.%:

Concentrate of alcoholic extract of flat sea urchins Scaphechinus mirabilis containing echinochrome A in an amount of 0.75% 3.0 Vitamin C 0.3 Fructose 1,2 Ethanol 30,0

Example 3. Raw materials - flat sea urchin Echinarachnius parma, freshly harvested or defrosted, in the amount of 200 kg is loaded into the reactor. The raw materials are washed with drinking water and dried by draining water for 30 minutes. Next, the raw material is poured with ethanol 96 ° food in a weight ratio of 1: 1.2 with raw materials (240 kg) with the addition of 10 l of a 10% solution of ascorbic acid in drinking water and extracted for 24 hours. The resulting extract is drained, filtered through a cloth, cotton and cardboard filters and evaporated in vacuo. The distilled ethyl alcohol is returned to the extraction stage.

The concentrate in an amount of 75 kg is diluted with a solution of 3 kg of fructose in 122 liters of drinking water. The resulting solution in an amount of 200 l is placed for 8 days in a refrigerator, then decanted, purified by microfiltration and analyzed. The product is Packed in glass bottles or jars with screw caps of 50-100 ml and tightly corked.

Example 4. The dietary supplement obtained in example 3 contains, wt.%:

Concentrate of alcoholic extract of flat sea urchins Echinarachnius parma containing echinochrome A in an amount of 0.85% 4.0 Vitamin C 0.5 Fructose 1,5 Ethanol 33.0

Experimental studies of the corrective effect of the inventive biologically active additives

To study the effect of a biologically active food supplement on the body, we have chosen a model of nutritional hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). It is known that with this disease the processes of lipid peroxidation (LP) are enhanced.

The model of alimentary HLP was reproduced by unbalancing the diet according to the content of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, cholesterol - as a result, animals on the experimental diet developed hypercholesterolemia (GHS), hypertriglyceridemia (GTG). The content of atherogenic lipoproteins in the blood, a fraction of low and very low density lipoproteins (LDL, VLDL), increased more than 2 times. Changes in the lipid background could be characterized as a manifestation of one of the most common types of HLP-IV type according to the WHO classification. Excessive intake of high-calorie foods and unbalanced nutrition contributed to the intensification of lipid peroxidation processes in the blood, as can be judged by the increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in red blood cells. The response of the AOZ system was expressed in an increase in the activity of the enzyme glutathione reductase (GR) by more than three times, as a result, the content of the reduced form of glutathione (HT) needed to neutralize peroxides increased. The mobilization of all components of the antioxidant defense system (AOD) in response to the enhancement of lipid peroxidation processes in HFD is also proved by a decrease in the integral indicator of the state of AOD - the level of antioxidant protection (AOA) of the blood. The enhancement of LPO processes in the liver was confirmed by an increase in the content of its products at all stages of the peroxide cascade (Tables 1 and 2). The marked inhibition of the activity of GP, GR, a decrease in the level of reduced GT and antioxidant vitamins testified to a decrease in AOZ reserves in response to increased LP.

Activation of lipid peroxidation in the liver is accompanied by a suppression of the enzymatic catabolism of cholesterol (cholesterol) in hepatocytes, which in turn contributes to its increased content in blood plasma. The inclusion in the diet of the claimed dietary supplement dramatically enhances the AOZ reserves of the body, prevents the development of HF and corrects existing lipid disorders, as illustrated in the tables below.

Table 1 Indicators of lipid metabolism and the POL-AOD system of blood of animals with alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia (M ± m) Indicators 1st group (intact control) 2nd group of GLP 3rd group of GLP + dietary supplement OHS, mmol / l 1.27 ± 0.02 2.95 ± 0.06 * 1.30 ± 0.12 ** HS VLDL, mol / l 0.24 ± 0.01 0.57 ± 0.02 * 0.21 ± 0.01 ** LDL cholesterol, mol / l 0.91 ± 0.02 2.19 ± 0.08 ** 1.40 ± 0.07 ** HDL cholesterol, mol / l 0.11 ± 0.04 0.16 ± 0.03 0.35 ± 0.05 ** TG, mmol / l 0.56 ± 0.01 1.30 ± 0.09 ** 0.50 ± 0.02 ** GT, mol / g Hb 4.58 ± 0.46 9.20 ± 2.15 * 4.60 ± 0.40 ** GH, mol NADP / min / g Hb 26.64 ± 4.66 90.97 ± 21.89 * 35.11 ± 4.66 GP, μmol / min / mg / Hb 49.95 ± 6.02 39.96 ± 4.75 99.32 ± 4.81 ** MDA, mol / g Hb 7.85 ± 0.89 12.55 ± 0.57 ** 8.16 ± 0.96 AOA,% 62.50 ± 9.22 59.23 ± 5.21 * 92.30 ± 4.75 * Abbreviations: OXS - total cholesterol; VLDL cholesterol - very low density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL cholesterol - low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL cholesterol - high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG - triglycerides; GT - glutathione: GR - glutathione reductase; GP - glutathione peroxidase; MDA - malondialdehyde; AOA - antioxidant activity. Note. Assessment of significance of differences between groups: 1/2, 3/2 * - p <0.05; ** - p <0.01.

Intragastric administration of the claimed dietary supplement to animals revealed a decrease in the rate of formation of lipoperoxides in the liver, an increase in the activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes, an increase in the content of vitamin A and α-tocopherol with statistical significance of changes compared with animals with HF.

An improvement in the state of blood lipid background was confirmed by a decrease in total cholesterol by 56% (p <0.01), triglycerides by 63.2% (p <0.01). The content of VLDL and LDL was significantly reduced (by 63 and 45%, respectively, p <0.01).

table 2 Indicators of the POL-AOD system in the liver of animals with alimentary hyperlipoproteinemia (M ± m) Indicators 1st group (intact control) 2nd group of GLP 3rd group of GLP + dietary supplement GT, nmol / mg total protein 62.32 ± 1.02 42.86 ± 1.03 53.20 ± 0.82 GR, nmol NADP / mg protein / min 1.76 ± 0.14 0.78 ± 0.04 1.43 ± 0.01 GP, nmol GT / hour / mg protein 76.12 ± 1.91 56.00 ± 0.98 69.20 ± 1.02 DC, nmol / mg lipids 4.93 ± 0.08 9.66 ± 0.25 6.83 ± 0.24 MDA, nmol / mg protein 1.78 ± 0.09 4.76 ± 0.22 2.90 ± 0.15 Vitamin A, ng / mg lipid 4.58 ± 0.46 55.40 ± 2.73 63.33 ± 2.2 * α-tocopherol, ng / mg lipid 173.15 ± 4.06 67.50 ± 2.30 107.03 ± 2.66 Abbreviations: GT - glutathione; GR - glutathione reductase; GP - glutathione peroxidase; DK - diene conjugates; MDA is malondialdehyde. Note. Assessment of significance of differences between groups: 1/2, 3/2 - p <0.01; * - p <0.05.

A positive aspect was the increase in the content of cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins. A significant increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase against the background of a decrease in reduced glutathione indicates the active occurrence of reactions to neutralize peroxides in red blood cells, which protects them from hemolytic decomposition. An increase in blood AOA also indicates an increase in reserves of AOD systems.

Clinical studies of the corrective effect of the inventive dietary supplement on lipid profile

Assessment of the corrective effect on the lipid profile was carried out in 15 patients from 38 to 78 years old with revealed type IIA and IIB hypercholesterolemia according to Friedrichsen. Volunteers of the main (experimental) group received standard therapy and the additionally declared dietary supplement orally, one teaspoon 2 times a day on an empty stomach for 3 weeks. Before and after the intake of dietary supplements, the lipid profile was studied. The results are presented in table.3-6. The effect that was observed in all patients was expressed in a decrease in total cholesterol (cholesterol) and LDL cholesterol, and an increase in HDL cholesterol. Noteworthy was the increase in working capacity, the appearance of a sense of vitality, an improvement in the background of mood and overall well-being.

Table 3 Cholesterol Dynamics Before taking dietary supplements After taking dietary supplements Spread of values Average value Error average Spread of values Average value Error average Experienced group 4.9-8.0 6.45 ± 1.55 4.0-7.6 5.8 ± 1.8 Control group 6.3 ± 0.1 4.0 ± 0.2

Table 4 Dynamics of LDL cholesterol Before taking dietary supplements After taking dietary supplements Spread of values Average value Error average Spread of values Average value Error average Experienced group 2.89-4.89 3.89 ± 1.0 2.27-3.83 3.05 ± 0.78 Control group 3.8 ± 0.1 2,5 ± 0.7

Table 5 HDL cholesterol dynamics Before taking dietary supplements After taking dietary supplements Spread of values Average value Error average Spread of values Average value Error average Experienced group 0.33-1.62 0.98 ± 0.64 0.7-1.86 1.28 ± 0.58 Control group 1,0 ± 0.2 1,1 ± 0.1

Table 6 Triglyceride Level Dynamics Before taking dietary supplements After taking dietary supplements Spread of values Average value Error average Spread of values Average value Error average Experienced group 1.41-3.07 2.24 ± 0.83 1.19-3.0 2.1 ± 0.9 Control group 2.1 ± 0.1

Thus, the lipid-lowering and antioxidant effect of the claimed dietary supplement allows us to recommend it as a parapharmaceutical supplement, which can be used to prevent and correct lipid metabolism disorders, and, as an adjuvant, while taking medications and therapeutic treatments.

Claims (2)

1. Biologically active food supplement based on a biologically active substance obtained from marine aquatic organisms, characterized in that as a biologically active substance obtained from marine aquatic organisms, it contains a concentrate of alcoholic extract of flat sea urchins containing echinochrome A in an amount of 0.75 -0.85% and additionally it contains ascorbic acid, fructose, ethyl alcohol and water in the following ratio, wt.%: Concentrate of alcoholic extract flat sea urchins containing echinochrome A in the amount of 0.75-0.85% 3.0-4.0 Vitamin C 0.3-0.5 Fructose 1.2-1.5 Ethanol 30.0-33.0 Water Rest 2. The method of obtaining a biologically active food additive according to claim 1, which consists in the fact that freshly caught or defrosted flat sea urchins are washed with water, then the raw materials are extracted with 96% edible ethanol in the ratio of raw materials: ethyl alcohol 1: (1-1 , 2) with the addition of a 10% aqueous solution of ascorbic acid at a ratio of ascorbic acid: ethyl alcohol 1: (25-35) for 22-24 hours, then the extract is filtered and evaporated in vacuo to 30-33% of the original volume, then the resulting alcohol extract concentrate is developed ny 1.5-2.5% solution of fructose in the drinking water to the original volume, then the solution is placed on 6-8 days in a refrigerated chamber at a temperature of 4 ° C, the precipitate is separated and the solution is purified by microfiltration through the hollow fibers.