RU2339537C1 - Motor-vehicle trailer-amphibious ferry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: motor-vehicle trailer-amphibious ferry has platform, pontoons and propeller. The pontoons are located along boards, made sectional, compactly piled up in two tiers on motor-vehicle trailer platform to be transported by roads and over ground. Caterpillar rubber-cord propellers are located under the platform at center along its length on parallelogram folding suspension. Rotary-bladed water-jet propellers are located at the rear under platform at aft corners. Rubber-cord caterpillar propellers drive is performed from driving wheels of the vehicle which was towing trailer-ferry via rubber-covered drums mutually synchronised by timing gear, and rotary-bladed water-jet propeller is made with possibility to be driven from timing gear of rear rubber-covered drum.

EFFECT: enhancement of operational capabilities for using the home-made off-road vehicle of UAZ make without vehicle structural rebuilding.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of road transport, in particular to vehicles of the amphibian type.

Known vehicles - hovercraft, water-floating snowmobiles, mobile pontoons and ferries [1].

Their disadvantage is the requirement of delivery to the place of use by additional transport, the use of special devices for unloading and loading after use from certain points of basing with a limited radius of action.

Known self-propelled ferry [2]. It is unsuitable for transportation by land and limited in the movement of water by cable.

The objective of the invention is to expand the operational capabilities used in the army, the Ministry of Emergency Situations, rescuers, medical ambulance in the village, geologists, hunter-fishers, tourists, farmers, etc. a domestic all-terrain vehicle of the UAZ brand and the like without a constructive alteration of the car.

The problem is solved by using the proposed special trailer - an amphibious ferry towed by the aforementioned car to the place of its application: the shore of a reservoir, swamps, the edge of a snowy space or ice with wormwood, etc.

After the trailer is transformed into an amphibious self-propelled ferry with an UAZ vehicle (or similar) installed and fixed on it, the last one, supplemented by caterpillars from below, water-jet propulsion devices at the rear and pontoons on the sides, is able to overcome all unstable media with the possibility of reaching solid surfaces with overcoming elevations of up to 0 , 4 meters.

The proposed design is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a general view of a caravan - an amphibious ferry in a folded towed position, where the positions denote:

1. Amphibious ferry trailer platform on a supporting frame.

2. Transport wheels of an amphibious ferry trailer.

3. Section of the pontoons.

4. Swivel joints.

5. Coupling device for the amphibious ferry trailer.

6. Leaning up triangular sections of the bow deck.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the same trailer, transformed into an amphibious ferry located on land, with a retractable telescopic ramp lowered in the stern to drive the car onto it (rear view), where the positions indicate:

1. Amphibious ferry trailer platform on a supporting frame.

3. Section of the pontoons.

4. Swivel joints.

6. The triangular sections of the bow deck in the lowered position.

7. Clamps holding the pontoon sections together.

8. Retractable telescopic lowering ramp for car entry on land on a ferry.

9. Niches with rubberized drums for driving wheels of a car.

10. Niches with rotary trays for steering wheels of the car.

11. Rollers limiting the lateral displacement of the driving wheels of the car.

12. A place for possible mounting of outboard boat motors.

13. Stops for the front bumper of the car with clamps against vertical displacement.

14. Retractable support beams.

15. The longitudinal angles along the sides of the stern for fixing the raised and retracted ramps with devices 16 installed on them.

16. Devices for pulling the stern of the car to the platform.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal vertical section of an amphibious ferry with a car on it, where the positions indicated:

1. Caravan platform - amphibious ferry on a supporting frame.

2. Transport wheels of a trailer - an amphibious ferry.

3. Section of the pontoons.

8. Raised, partially retracted ramp serving as aft deck.

10. Swivel trays under the steering wheels of the car.

12. A place for possible mounting of outboard boat motors.

13. Stops for the front bumper of the car with clamps against vertical displacement.

15. The longitudinal angles along the sides of the stern for fixing the retracted ramp.

16. Devices for pulling the stern of the car to the platform.

17. Feed water-jet rotor-blade propellers.

18. The front upper spring-loaded tension drums suspension track.

19. Front lower movable drums of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

20. Rear lower movable drums of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

21. Lower movable longitudinal beams of parallelogram suspension with support rollers located between them.

22. Swing arms of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

23. Caterpillar tracks (dotted in the raised position under the bottom).

24. Slewing ring.

Figure 4 shows a longitudinal horizontal section of an amphibious ferry, where the positions indicated:

2. Transport wheels of a trailer - an amphibious ferry.

3. Section of the pontoons.

5. The triangular sections of the bow deck in the lowered position.

7. Clamps holding the pontoon sections together (with tension springs).

10. Niches with steering trays for steering wheels.

17. Aft rotor-blade water-jet propulsors.

18. The front upper spring-loaded tension drums suspension track.

19. Front lower movable drums of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

20. Rear lower movable drums of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

23. Caterpillar tracks.

24. Slewing ring.

25. Corrugated lingering drums.

26. Loop-forming passive drum.

27. Synchronizing gears.

28. Gear of a water-jet propulsion.

29. Rubberized drums.

Figure 5 shows a diagram of the drive of the propulsors, where the positions indicated:

1. Caravan platform - amphibious ferry (carrier frame not shown).

17. Aft water-jet rotor-blade propulsion.

20. Rear lower movable drum parallelogram suspension of tracks.

21. Lower movable longitudinal beams of parallelogram suspension with support rollers located between them.

22. Swing arms of parallelogram suspension of caterpillar tracks.

23. Tracked tape.

25. Corrugated lingering drums.

26. Loop-forming passive drum.

27. Synchronizing gears.

28. Gear of a water-jet propulsion.

29. Rubberized drums.

30. The axis of swing of the casing of the jet propulsion.

31. Slotted coupling of inclusion of the drive of tracks (in all corrugated drums).

32. Drive wheel of a car.

Figure 6 shows the design of the caterpillar rubber-cord ring continuous tape in a vertical longitudinal section, where the positions indicated:

23. Caterpillar rubber-cord tape 500 mm wide.

33. Track lugs.

34. A triangular cavity along the entire length of the lug (to increase the elasticity of the tape).

35. The dotted line indicates the location of the layers of cord tape in the rubber (there may be more of them, depending on the technology of the manufacturer of rubber products).

A caravan - an amphibious ferry consists of a platform 1 mounted on a supporting frame, equipped with transport wheels 2 at the bottom in the center of the sides, for towing it along public roads and the ground. On its platform, three three-section pontoons 3 pivotally fixed along the sides are transported with tilted central end sections, which ensures longitudinal and transverse compactness when transporting along common roads. To ensure maneuverability when towing the tow hitch 5, the triangular segments of the bow deck 6 are folded up and fixed.

Under the entire length of the platform 1, from the bottom, along the center, there are two rubber-cord caterpillar tracks 23 mounted on a parallelogram suspension with lower longitudinal movable beams 21, with support rollers between them, on the swinging arms 22, which allows the tracks to be pressed to the bottom when towing trailer or lower them below the lowered side pontoons when moving the ferry on a caterpillar track. Behind the corners under the platform are rotor-bladed water-jet propulsors 17 in casings, with water intake and exhaust nozzles. In the aft part of the platform 1, a telescopic telescopic ramp 8 is pulled over it, under which there are niches 9 with rubberized drums for the rear driving wheels of the car in the platform. In the front of the platform 1 there are niches 10 with rotary trays for the steering wheels of the car. In front of them, stops 13 rise from the platform 1 for the front bumper of the car with clamps. Niches 12 are provided in the aft sections of the pontoons for fastening outboard outboard motors in the case of using the ferry as an independent craft, without driving from the wheels of a car loaded onto it. The rubberized drums 29, on which the driving wheels of the car are supported, are synchronized between themselves by gears 27 and rotate on fixed axes 25 common with the long drums. The drive of the tracks is turned on by a movable splined clutch 31 connecting the rubberized and lingering drums to each other. The inclusion of the water-jet propulsion 17 is carried out by tilting forward its casing on the swing axis 30 until the gear 28 engages with the synchronizing gear 27 of the rear rubber drum 29. Thus, the caterpillar and water-jet propulsors can be switched on together, alternately, or disconnected all of them. The rubber drums 29 are equipped with braking devices on each side separately with a drive from the rotary trays 10 under the steering wheels of the car, with an additional combined drive for use as a parking brake. In order to ensure minimum weight and corrosion resistance, solid aluminum alloys and reinforced plastic (composite) are used at the base of the design. Three-section pontoons 3 are made on an aluminum frame with outlets for fastening hinges 4 and clamps 7, glued with reinforced plastic, and the entire volume must be filled with porous water-repellent material (polyurethane foam, etc.). The total displacement of each side pontoon should exceed the weight of the entire structure with full full load (car, crew, luggage), which will provide airborne stability in the water with occasional strong rolls. The bottoms of the central pontoons have ledges (redans) to reduce friction and possible freezing to snow and ice. All drums of the caterpillar suspension, including the lower track rollers, are hollow, made of reinforced plastic, with the obligatory filling with porous material, which creates additional buoyancy. In the rubberized drums 29, on which the weight of the car presses, roller bearings protected against water penetration are installed, in all other rotation and swing axes, the use of sliding bearings that do not require lubrication is desirable. For example: on the axis a ring made of non-corrosive metal, a bearing cage made of graphite bronze or better made of special plastic with an ultra-low coefficient of friction, with the structural possibility of periodic replacement as it wears. It is desirable to support the weight of the entire structure (without payload) in the range of 350-450 kg, but not more than 600 kg.

The author made drawings and a demonstration model of a trailer - an amphibious ferry in a scale of 1:10 for presentation to the manufacturer.

The transformation of the trailer into an amphibious ferry is carried out according to the following scheme: at the border of the media (the shore of a reservoir, swamps, snow-covered space, etc.), on a relatively horizontal section of the ground, without unhitching the trailer from the car, lower the tracks 23 all the way into the ground, put on the parking the brake is the trailer’s transmission, after which the car unhooks and drives off, then the tracks continue to be lowered to the maximum (the trailer’s wheels 2 come off the ground). The triangular segments 5 of the bow deck are removed from the clamps and moved to a horizontal position. The end sections of the pontoons 3 are turned over in the longitudinal plane on the transverse hinges 4 with their fixation 7 with the central sections. These elongated pontoons on the longitudinal hinges of the 4 central sections 3 are rotated 180 ° and lowered along the sides of the ferry with their support beams 14. They are pulled out by a telescopic ramp 8 and lowered onto the ground to drive the car onto the platform, now an amphibious ferry.

The entered car rests against the front bumper against the racks 13 with latches against vertical displacement, the steering wheels fall into the rotary trays 10, and the rear into the niches 9 with rubberized drums 29 and rollers 11 restrictive against the lateral displacement of the wheels. The car is attracted to the platform by the coupling devices 16, than its fixing and reliable coupling of driving wheels with rubberized drums is provided. Raised and partially pushed between the corners 15, the telescopic ramp 8 forms the aft deck.

Amphibious ferry traffic is controlled from the driver’s seat, the vehicle installed on it.

Connecting the movers and changing the height of the caterpillar suspension can be performed either by remote electromechanical (with a remote control on an electric cable inserted through the window into the passenger compartment, powered by the vehicle electrical system), and purely mechanically (by the handles on the lifting column near the driver’s window, through which, sticking out his hand, he makes the switch). The second option is preferable when operating in the field, away from service bases, as more simple and reliable.

When cornering with a large radius, it is enough to slightly turn the steering wheel and through the rotary trays 10, under the steering wheels of the car, the force is transmitted to the brake device on the inside side, which will lead to braking or a complete stop of the movers of this side. The movers of the working side receive rotation through the differential of the car. The exhaust nozzles of the water jets are slightly deployed inward, towards each other. The transverse reactive forces arising in this case are mutually compensated with the same thrust of the propulsors and significantly improve the controllability on the water when braking one of them. If you need a sharp turn on a hard surface in a limited space, a special slewing ring device 24 is used. At a minimum speed, the steering wheel is unscrewed to the stop, while a wedge-shaped device with a conical swivel heel is lowered onto the ground in front of the transport wheel 2 on the lever. The transport wheel 2 runs over it and, rising along the back inclined surface to the stop, tears off the braked track from the ground. U-turn takes place around a turning heel with a small radius. Having reached the desired turning angle, the ferry stops and slightly moves back. The transport wheel 2 moves out of the slewing device 24 and it, having freed, returns to its original position. You can move in a new direction. The caterpillar tracks in the front part have a considerable gentle slope and are slightly extended relative to the bevel of the front sections of the pontoons, therefore, transverse to the course of movement of the ledges up to 0.4 meters (shore, ice edge, ditches, etc.) are easily overcome.

The proposed amphibious steam, not having a particularly high speed, is characterized by the highest cross-country ability and versatility of use.

Considering that UAZ cars are used everywhere in our country, supplementing them with the proposed caravan - an amphibious ferry, it is possible to solve the transportation problems in places related to the lack of roads, river spills, mudslides, snowdrifts in a timely manner and at the minimum cost rescue operations on water and thin ice, used in long expeditions by geologists, rescuers, tourists, in economic activities.

Information sources

1. Polytechnical dictionary. M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1980, p. 25. Amphibian (a review of all types).

2. FIPS library, publication number RU 2270131 C2. The main ind. IPC B63V 35/54. Title: Self-propelled ferry. D.R.Zhabarova.

Claims (1)

A caravan is an amphibious ferry that includes a platform, pontoons and movers, characterized in that the pontoons are located on the sides, made sectional, compactly folding in two tiers on the caravan platform for transportation on roads and soil, tracked rubber-cord movers are located under the platform in the center throughout its length on a parallelogram folding suspension, rotor-bladed water-jet propulsion devices are located behind the platform at the rear of the stern, while the tracked rubber-cord propulsion drives are driven from of vehicle wheels, towed trailer, steam, through Coated drums, synchronized with each other synchronization gear, and the rotor-blade a water jet propulsion unit is arranged to drive by synchronizing adjustable rubberized drum gear.

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