RU2338441C1 - Small-sized mixed fodder installation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: installation comprises a grinding mill and blending hopper connected to the grinding mill by a pneumatic drive. The grinding mill consists of a casing in which hammer rotor with hammers, concave, grinding chamber with separating faces in the form of fixed screens, fan with its impeller mounted on the grinding mill shaft are set. The grinding mill is fitted with loading and unloading openings. The unloading opening is connected to the fan by a pneumatic channel. Electric motor is used as a drive. Loading hose is used for feeding the material to the grinding mill. Vertically adjustable movable screens are mounted on the outer sides of the fixed screens. The blending hopper comprises mixing chamber in the form of a hopper with truncated cone bottom and a pipe-enclosed driven screw set according to the chamber axis, catching filter mounted in the upper part of the mixing chamber, dosing feeder for enriching additives mounted at the screw base, loading branch pipe connected to the grinding mill fan by a pneumatic pipeline, unloading branch pipe fitted with a gate valve.

EFFECT: invention allows reducing energy demands for mixed fodder production and improving its quality.

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Description

The invention is intended for the preparation of bulk feed and can be used in agricultural production and feed industry.

Known small-sized feed mill containing a feeder for enrichment additives, a crusher with a hammer rotor and sieve, a vertical mixer-drive with a vertical screw installed in it, and a fan, the impeller of which is mounted on the crusher shaft [RF Patent 2185081, IPC ⁷ A23N 17/00, 2000].

The disadvantages of this device are: high complexity for maintenance of the unit associated with the replacement of the sieve to change the particle size distribution of the finished product; low sieve reliability when foreign objects get into the crushing chamber.

The closest to the proposed invention in technical essence and the achieved result is a small-sized feed mill containing a crusher with a hammer rotor, decks and a fixed sieve, on the outside of which is installed with the possibility of horizontal movement across the width of the crushing chamber the regulator of the "live" section in the form of another sieve, a fan, the impeller of which is mounted on the crusher shaft, a hopper-mixer with a vertical screw installed in it, at the base of which a feed for enrichment additives, a capture filter mounted in the upper part of the mixer hopper [RF Patent 2275156, IPC ⁷ A23N 17/00, 2006].

The disadvantages of this device are: low throughput associated with a small separation surface area and, as a result, the presence of a circulating load, leading to overgrowing of the material and an increase in energy consumption; low reliability of sieves due to their installation around the perimeter of the crushing chamber, leading to breakage when foreign objects get into them.

The invention is aimed at solving the following problems: providing due to the design of the installation reduce energy intensity, increase throughput and reliability.

A small feed mill containing a crusher with a loading neck, a hammer rotor, a deck, fixed and movable sieves and a hopper mixer connected to the crusher with a pneumatic pipe, with a vertical screw installed in it, at the base of which there is a feeder-batcher for enrichment additives , a catch filter mounted in the upper part of the mixer hopper, and a fan, the impeller of which is mounted on the crusher shaft. According to the invention, the movable sieves are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement from the outside of the fixed sieves, which are the end separating surfaces of the crushing chamber, which allows changing the separation surface area without changing the sieves.

The presence of the end separating surface of the crushing chamber, made in the form of fixed sieves, relative to which the moving sieves are vertically moved, allows you to:

- timely discharge the finished product, avoiding overgrinding, thereby reducing the circulating load and energy consumption and increasing throughput;

- steplessly adjust the degree of grinding;

- increase the reliability of the crusher, eliminating the breakage of sieves in the event of foreign objects.

Figure 1 presents the General scheme of the installation, figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the crusher aa, in figure 3 is a diagram of the end separation surface.

The small-sized feed mill includes a crusher 1 and a hopper-mixer 2, connected to the crusher with an air line 3.

Crusher 1 consists of a housing 4, inside of which are located: a hammer rotor 5 with hammers 6; deck 7; crushing chamber 8 with end separating surfaces made in the form of fixed sieves 9, on the outer sides of which movable sieves 10 are mounted with the possibility of vertical movement; a fan 11, the impeller 12 of which is mounted on the crusher shaft. The crusher has a loading 13 and unloading 14 necks. The discharge neck 14 is connected to the fan 11 by a pneumatic channel 15. An electric motor 16 is used as a drive. A feed hose 17 is used to feed the material into the crusher.

The bunker-mixer 2 consists of: a mixing chamber 18, made in the form of a bunker 19 with a truncated conical bottom 20, along the axis of which a screw 22 enclosed in a pipe 21 with a drive 23 is vertically installed; a capture filter 24 mounted in the upper part of the mixing chamber; feeder-feeder for enrichment additives 25 installed in the base of the screw; boot pipe 26 connected to the crusher fan by a pneumatic line 3; discharge pipe 27 provided with a valve 28.

Feed mill works as follows.

When the electric motor 16 is turned on in the crusher sieve space with the help of the fan 11, a vacuum is created, due to which the material is fed through the loading hose 17 through the loading neck 13 to the crushing chamber 8. Then, as a result of the collision with the hammers 6 and deck 7, the material is crushed to produce tar and is separated through the end separating surfaces of the crushing chamber, made in the form of fixed sieves 9, on the outer sides of which are installed movable sieves 10 with the possibility of vertical movement awn grinding regulated by moving vertically movable relative to the fixed lattice 10 9, wherein the modified area (the amount of overlapping holes of the fixed movable sieve) separation surface. Dirt is transported through the discharge neck 14, the pneumatic channel 15, through the pneumatic pipe 3 to the loading nozzle 26 of the mixer 2. Then, enrichment additives (premixes) are loaded into the feeder-doser 25 of the mixer 2, after which the drive 23 of the screw 22 is turned on. The premixes are carried away by the screw 22 into the mixing chamber 18, at the inlet of which they are partially mixed with tar and the screw 22 are transported from the lower part of the pipe 21 to the upper one, while the material is mixed to a homogeneous mass and evenly distributed over the volume of the mixer at the outlet of the pipe. Unloading of the finished product is carried out through the discharge pipe 27 by opening the valve 28.

Claims (1)

A small feed mill containing a crusher with a loading neck, a hammer rotor, a deck, fixed and movable sieves and a hopper mixer connected to the crusher with a pneumatic pipe, with a vertical screw installed in it, at the base of which there is a feeder-batcher for enrichment additives , a trap filter mounted in the upper part of the mixer hopper, and a fan, the impeller of which is mounted on the crusher shaft, characterized in that from the outside of the stationary m representing an end surface separating the grinding chamber, are mounted for vertical displacement of the movable sieve.

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