RU2327472C1 - Method of farm animals' and birds' toxicosis prevention and treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: offered toxicant adsorbent for animals and birds contains complex of interpotentiating active agents: aluminium silicate morenite, oak extract, urotropin, fodder sulphur, dipromonium, vitamin U (methylmethionine) and "ДАФС"-25 in specified ratio.

EFFECT: improved physiological condition of animals and improved safety; body weight increase and provided high-quality products.

2 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The present invention relates to veterinary medicine, namely, to preparations intended for the adsorption of toxic substances in the body of farm animals and poultry.

Known composite enterosorbent containing hydrolytic lignin, microcrystalline cellulose, pectin and highly dispersed silicon dioxide in the following ratio, wt.%:

hydrolysis lignin 25.0-35.0 microcrystalline cellulose 25.0-35.0 pectin 25.0-35.0 fine silicon dioxide 4.0-6.0

(RF patent No. 0002234931, class 7 А61К 35/78. Issue 8 No. 16/2004)

The disadvantage of this composition may be that microcrystalline cellulose refers to drugs that limit the intake of fats from the intestine due to the adsorption of fats on the fibers and their removal from the body. The pectin included in the composition is capable of causing flatulence due to its interaction with fiber, which is present in large quantities in feed rations. In addition, these components, increasing in volume by 7-8 times, cause a feeling of artificial satiety and a decrease in appetite, which, in turn, can lead to a decrease in the increase in body weight of animals and their productivity.

It is also known a tool for the prevention and treatment of mycotoxicosis in poultry, including activated charcoal, sodium selenite, copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, cobalt chloride and sodium bicarbonate in the following ratio, wt.%:

activated carbon 30.0-34.0 sodium selenite 0.2-0.27 copper sulfate 1.0-1.3 magnesium sulfate 32.0-37.0 cobalt chloride 0.7-1.3 bicarbonate of soda rest

(RF patent No. 2207122, cl. 7 A61K 31/00, A61P 39/00. Bull. No. 18 dated 06/27/2003)

A disadvantage of the known composition is a narrow area of use (poultry farming), as well as a range of indications for use.

The closest analogue to the claimed one is a method for the treatment and prevention of toxicosis of pregnant animals, indirectly protecting an agent with sorption properties, including oral administration of an inorganic drug, which is taken as a highly dispersed silicon dioxide (RF Patent No. 97115825/13, Cl. 6 A61K 33 / 00 Bull. No. 17 dated 06/20/1999).

However, the known tool does not provide sufficient effectiveness in the intoxication of animals and birds with xenobiotics (microbial toxins, gases, alkaloids, salts of heavy and radioactive metals).

In addition, when using agents with sorption activity against a number of toxic substances, it should be borne in mind that during the process of enterosorption, a significant load on detoxification organs — the liver and kidneys — is noted.

The technical result of the task is the prevention and treatment of toxicosis of animals and birds by creating a means that has both adsorbing and pathogenetic and symptomatic effects aimed at increasing the protective forces, normalizing homeostasis and metabolic processes of the body, which helps to increase the therapeutic effect. A complex combination of drugs introduced into the product contributes not only to the quick release of the gastrointestinal tract from toxic products, but also to the successful restoration of the functional activity of the organs and systems of the animal and bird organism.

The problem is achieved in that the composition for the prevention and treatment of toxicosis of farm animals and poultry includes natural moraine and additionally oak extract, urotropin, feed sulfur, dipromonium, vitamin U (methylmethionine) and DAFS-25 in the following ratio of components, as a natural aluminosilicate g / kg:

stills 947.84-967.92 oak extract 10.0-20.0 urotropin 10.0-12.0 feed sulfur 5.0-10.0 dipromonium 6.0-8.0 vitamin U (methylmethionine) 1.0-2.0 DAFS-25 0.08-0.16

The novelty of the claimed funds is due to the fact that in addition to moraine, which has high sorption activity against a number of toxic substances of organic and inorganic origin, the drug includes substances that have a detoxifying, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, stimulating metabolic processes body effects.

The signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the closest analogue are aimed at achieving the task and have not been identified in the study of this and related fields of science and technology, therefore, in our opinion, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The production name of the product intended for the prevention and treatment of toxicosis of farm animals and poultry is the word "Atoxil", formed from the abbreviation of the words: adsorbent "a", toxins "current", aluminosilicate "forces".

The claimed tool "Atoxil" is a complex preparation and includes components that can exhibit sorption action against xenobiotics (microscopic fungi and their toxins, bacterial cells and their metabolic products, unoxidized decomposition products of substances, alkaloids), as well as heavy and radioactive salts metals.

Each of the components of the drug performs a specific, mutually potentiating effect in the body.

Oak extract due to the significant content of tannins has an astringent effect in the digestive tract. Tannins, coming into contact with the protein substances of microorganisms, disrupt their connection with the environment, reduce their viability, i.e. act bacteriostatically. In addition, oak extract contributes to the precipitation of most alkaloids, converting them into insoluble compounds, being a good antidote for these poisonings.

Urotropin (hexamethylenetetramine) in the body decomposes into formaldehyde and ammonia, on which its therapeutic effect is based. At the same time, it reduces the activity of cell membrane barriers, due to which, with general toxic processes, toxic substances enter the bloodstream relatively easily and are excreted from the body. The drug that does not decompose in the blood is excreted by the kidneys. And in the acidic environment of urine, urotropin, splitting, exhibits an antimicrobial, sanitizing and diuretic effect.

Sulfur in the alkaline environment of the intestine turns into pharmacologically active compounds such as sodium sulfite (Na ₂ S), sodium hydrosulfite (NaHS), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S). The resulting products, primarily hydrogen sulfide, moderately irritate the interoreceptors of the intestinal mucosa, increasing peristalsis and secretion of the digestive tract. At the same time, sulfur exhibits a bacteriostatic effect. In acute poisoning by heavy metals, it forms insoluble sulfur compounds in the intestine, acting as a chemical antidote.

Dipromonium (diisopropylamine) has a lipotropic effect, stimulates oxidative processes. Since the liver is the main detoxification organ in the body, in case of poisoning, especially of a mycotic nature, destructive changes occur in the presence of toxins in the hepatocytes (liver cells), which are manifested by inflammatory and dystrophic disorders, which sharply reduces the functional state of this organ. Dipromonium has a hepatoprotective effect, favorably affects the pigment function of the liver, increases the body's resistance to hypoxia and various types of intoxications.

Vitamin U (methylmethionine) is a substance that stimulates the healing of damage to the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract due to the release of its metal groups necessary for the synthesis process. Methyling histamine, vitamin U turns it into an inactive form, which helps to reduce gastric secretion and causes an analgesic and antiulcer effect.

DAFS-25 is a preparation containing 25% organically bound selenium and having pronounced biological activity. The functions of selenium are reduced to ensuring the normal manifestation of antioxidant, immune, detoxifying and energy-producing systems. Selenium takes part in the antioxidant defense, being part of four selenium-containing glutathione peroxidases, which have a specific effect. First of all, they play an important role in the normalization of physiological and biochemical processes and, mainly, in the regulation of lipid peroxidation, which provides normal antioxidant protection of the body, which controls the level of reactive oxygen species, free radicals and molecular products of lipid peroxidation.

Due to its crystalline structure, morenite, which is one of the natural aluminosilicate minerals - bentonites, has high sorption activity, which allows it to effectively bind and remove toxic substances from the body, primarily toxins of microbial cells and mycotoxins. In this case, bonds are formed between the positive and negatively charged functional groups of moraine and toxins. Morenite actively attracts and holds the polar functional groups of toxin molecules, creating new structural compounds based on them, which, due to the increase in their size, are not able to be absorbed by the inner walls. Optimal for the adsorbent is a neutral or slightly alkaline environment, since in this case adsorption occurs in the small intestine and the toxins do not have time to penetrate the body. The acidity of moraine, ranging from pH 7.5-8.2, is most effective for the adsorption process.

In addition, the crystal lattice of bentonite clays, the representative of which is moraine, is electrically unbalanced (an excess of negative charges is created), which sharply increases their ability to accumulate ions with positive charges.

It is thanks to the movable lattice, the large active surface, the exchange capacity and the range of change of these indicators that the interpacket distance in which the exchange cations are located can grow 10-15 times. Therefore, it is bentonite clays that are unsurpassed adsorbents.

The breadth of its prophylactic use is of no small importance when using this agent, since Atoxil can be used not only as an enterosorbent, in which its action begins in the cavity of the gastrointestinal tract, but also as a drug adsorbing toxic substances directly in feed rations. Adding Atoxil to feed before feeding them to animals and poultry allows xenobiotics to bind on its surface, thereby reducing the toxic load on the body.

"Atoxil" is obtained by mixing its constituent components in the indicated proportions. At the same time, PBN grade bentonite clay powder (TU 2164-002-00136716-2001) is used, obtained at OJSC Ilsky Plant Weighting-Production Association Burenie, oak extract (Tanol LLC, Goryachiy Klyuch), urotropin (CJSC “Veterinary Combine”, Krasnodar), fodder sulfur (CJSC Vitamin Station, Krasnodar), dipromonium and vitamin U (Ufavita, Ufa Vitamin Plant, OJSC), DAFS-25 (Sulfat LLP, Saratov city).

Example 1

To obtain 1 kg of Atoxil, 967.92 g of moraine were taken, 10 g of oak extract, 10 g of urotropin, 5 g of feed sulfur, 6 g of dipromonium, 1 g of vitamin U, 0.08 g of DAFS-25. Mixing was carried out with continuous stirring .

Example 2

To obtain 1 kg of Atoxil, 947.84 g of moraine, 20 g of oak extract, 12 g of urotropin, 10 g of sulfur sulfur, 8 g of dipromonium, 2 g of vitamin U, DAFS-25 0.16 g were taken. Mixing was carried out analogously to example 1 .

Testing the use of "Atoxil" is presented in the examples on animals and birds.

Scientific and industrial experience in determining the therapeutic effectiveness of Atoxil was carried out in the Niva agricultural firm in the Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Territory. Bacteriological and mycological studies of the feed used showed the presence of opportunistic microflora (Protei vulgaris, Ps. Aerugenosa, Str. Fecalis, E. coli), as well as the presence of fungi of the genera Mucor, Candida and Asperdillus (A.niger, A.fumigatus, A.flavus) and toxins produced by them in the process of life (T-2-toxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone). Moreover, according to the T-2 level of the toxin, the studied samples of feed (oats, corn, barley) exceeded the level of the MDL provided for animals.

The comparative effectiveness of the proposed and known (Fix-a-Toh) preparations was studied on pigs of large white breed 53-56 days of age with clinical signs of mycotoxicosis complicated by gastroenteritis of non-infectious etiology. The duration of the experiment was 20 days. An experimental group of piglets received the declared Atoxil drug, the control group was injected with Fix-a-Tox drug manufactured by Werft-Chemistry (Austria), which is a mineral adsorbent of toxic metabolic products of mold, yeast and bacteria in animals, birds ( From the temporary instructions for the use of Fix-a-Tox) according to the following scheme:

Group I (Atoxil) - 56 goals, 20 kg of the drug per 1000 kg of feed;

Group II (Fix-a-Tox) - 57 goals, 2 kg of the drug per 1000 kg of feed.

The effectiveness of the preparations was evaluated by clinical signs, biochemical blood tests, productivity and safety of piglets. The results of the experiment are presented in table 1.

Table 1 Therapeutic efficacy of the claimed means "Atoxil" for mycotoxicosis in animals Indicators Experienced (Atoxil) Control (Fix-a-Tox) Number of animals 56 57 The average daily gain, g 312.5 292.5 Recovery of clinical status, days 8 eleven Red blood cells, 10 ¹² / L 6.3 ± 0.33 * 5.84 ± 0.46 * White blood cells, 10 ⁹ / L 17.6 ± 1.54 * 18.1 ± 2.4 * Total protein, g / l 63.3 ± 5.42 * 57.3 ± 6.2 Bilirubin total, mm / l 5.72 ± 0.7 5.28 ± 0.51 AST, U / L 45.9 ± 8.4 49.3 ± 7.25 ALT, UNIT / L 53.8 ± 10.2 55.1 ± 9.6

As a result of the treatment, positive changes were found in the body of piglets, and the restoration of laboratory and clinical parameters in animals treated with Atoxil was more pronounced. “Atoxil”, exhibiting ion-exchange properties, optimizes metabolic processes and improves the functioning of organs and systems, including the kidneys (excretory function) and the liver (synthetic and detoxification functions).

The average daily weight gain in experimental animals was 6.8% higher than the control indices; the clinical symptoms of toxicosis disappeared 3 days earlier.

Scientific and industrial experience in the study of the prophylactic efficacy of the claimed Atoxil drug was carried out on the basis of the Kuban State Agrarian University in the Kuban educational and experimental farm on the adult cross-country bird Loman-Brown, formed in two groups. Preparations in the experimental groups were fed to hens for 20 days in a mixture with animal feed according to the following scheme:

Fix-a-Tox - 2 kg per ton;

Atoxil - 20 kg per ton.

The prophylactic effectiveness of the claimed funds was evaluated by egg production and the safety of chickens. The experimental data are presented in table 2.

table 2 The preventive effectiveness of the claimed means "Atoxil" for toxicosis in birds Group number Control (Fix-a-Tox) Experienced (Atoxil) The number of days of the experiment 5 13 twenty 5 13 twenty the number of birds in the group 2300 2274 2265 2153 2139 2137 number of eggs 1351 1461 1452 1481 1482 1508 egg production,% 58.7 64,2 64.1 68.8 69.3 70.6 average egg production for the entire period of the experiment,% 62.3 69.6 average egg mass, g 53.9 54.6 55,2 54.7 55,2 55.6 safety,% 99.7 98.6 98.2 99.8 99,2 99.1 average safety for the entire period of the experiment,% 99,2 99,4

As can be seen from the experiments, the daily feeding of AT preparations as a part of compound feeds to laying hens, which are at the peak of egg laying in conditions of industrial technological production, has a positive effect on the physiological state and biochemical processes in the body of birds, which is manifested by an increase in their safety and egg production. At the same time, an increase in egg mass is observed with a simultaneous increase in the commodity quality of products by reducing the “battle” and micro-notches.

Introduction to the diets of the proposed drug, which has high sorption activity against fungi and mycotoxins produced by them, has a beneficial effect on the physiological processes of laying hens. Increasing the functional activity of hepatocytes, reducing the toxic load due to the binding and elimination from the digestive tract of toxins of fungi and unoxidized products of the intermediate metabolism, the claimed preparation promotes the activation of synthesis processes in the liver, which, ultimately, leads to increased metabolism, in particular protein and mineral.

Example 3

For the prevention of poisoning with urea concentrate, a four-month-old calf was injected daily with Atoxil at a dose of 20 g / kg of feed once a day for 10 days. It was established that the Atoxil drug, acting as an adsorbent, binds ammonium ions released during the carbamide hydrolysis, avoiding an undesirable increase in the concentration of NH ₄ ⁺ . Feeding the drug activated the process of fiber breakdown, increased the concentration of volatile fatty acids and decreased gas formation in the calf’s stomach.

Example 4

For cows (dairy herd) on summer pasture, the Atoxil drug was added to the feed at the rate of 3% for the dry matter of the diet to treat rumen tympanum. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the clinical signs of the disease (salivation, increased abdominal volume, increasing anxiety) in animals stopped during the first day of giving the drug. Further administration of Atoxil in feed significantly reduced the average number of cases of tympanum, and after 5-7 days completely prevented the reappearance of pathological signs of the disease.

The results of clinical trials allow us to recommend the claimed drug in veterinary practice.

Claims (1)

Means for the prevention and treatment of toxicosis of farm animals and poultry, containing natural aluminosilicates, characterized in that the composition includes a complex of mutually potent active substances in the following ratio of components, g / kg: stills 947.84-967.92 oak extract 10.0-20.0 urotropin 10.0-12.0 feed sulfur 5.0-10.0 dipromonium 6.0-8.0 vitamin U (methylmethionine) 1.0-2.0 DAFS-25 0.08-0.16