RU2323823C1 - Washing equipment for polymer material milled refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: rinsing machine represents rectangular tank with a transporting screw conveyor elevated at an angle to horizon and perforated tray beneath it. Washing machine represents trapezoidal tank with an elevated at 15 deg to horizon bottom, at that the machine is equipped with a running along the bottom screw conveyor and perforated tray underneath. Washing machine consists of the mechanism for transporting raw material at the upper level of a cleaning fluid, and the mechanism has a device for rubbing raw material to the perforated tray of the washing machine. At that the screw conveyor of the rinsing machine is elevated at 30 deg angle to horizon and that machine is designed so that washed raw material is to be pressed prior to unloading for a maximum water extraction.

EFFECT: design of universal highly efficient equipment for continuous operation at high quality washing of various polymer material milled refuse.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for washing waste polymer materials in powdered form.

Many different equipment and devices are known for washing shredded polymer waste.

A patent is known / 1 /, which proposes a device containing an activator in the form of a hollow mobile pontoon with an electric drive inside, the anchor of which is connected to the pontoon body, characterized in that the body is cylindrical, and the electric drive is a cylindrical linear motor mounted in the body so that the axis is located below and parallel to the axis of the housing.

The washing machine described in the patent / 2 / contains a vertical tank with washing liquid and an activator made of several flat elements, each of which is fixed independently from the other on a support with the possibility of oscillation under the action of a vibrator electromagnet mounted on the outside of the tank. The machine is characterized in that the activator is located along the vertical wall of the tank, and the supports of its elements are made in the form of separate spring plates mounted on the inner surface of the tank. In this case, the flat elements of the activator have through lenticular conical slots and dampers uniformly distributed over the area of the activator, and each winding of the vibrator electromagnet is divided into two parts, connected one to another electrically in series.

The aforementioned machines are of periodic action, therefore their productivity is small, and the washed raw materials need additional rinsing.

Known washer for washing shredded polymer waste, described in the application / 3 /. This is a drum-type machine with a rotor blade, in which the crushed waste is periodically removed from the rotor action area, moved along the drum shell, and then returned to this zone. The centrifugal force of the rotor is used to remove waste from the zone; for axial movements, the transport auger located between the rotor and the drum shell.

This washer does not provide high productivity due to the length of the washing process and requires significant energy costs.

A known line for washing shredded polymer waste, described in the patent / 4 /. The line contains a washing machine connected in series, made in the form of a rectangular-shaped tank with a semi-cylindrical bottom, inside of which there is a shaft with corrugated activators, a separation machine and rinsing machine, made in the form of rectangular-shaped tanks with conveying screws, sump tanks blocked by filters, a pipe with a nozzle is installed on the cover of the washer to move the washed raw materials into the separation machine. The washing machine is divided by removable corrugated partitions into washing chambers, interconnected by transfer slots made in the partitions. At least one activator is installed inside each chamber, and the last chamber is equipped with a pump for pumping the washed polymer into the separation machine, and the corrugation of the partitions and activators is made in such a way that it increases the turbulence of the flow created by the activators. The nozzle of the outlet pipe of the polymer raw material with the washing liquid is inclined by 15-20 ° to the conveyor screw of the separation machine, and the conveyor screws are raised at an angle of 15-20 ° in the direction of movement of the polymer material. Separation and rinsing machines are equipped with additionally perforated pallets pivotally mounted under the screws with the possibility of moving one edge adjacent to the separation partition up and down.

This line is distinguished by large dimensions, as it consists of three machines connected in series with each other and two settling tanks. Moreover, this line does not provide high quality washing of crushed polymer waste, since during the operation of this line, raw materials with a large amount of dirty washing solution are fed into the separation machine, i.e. dirt enters the raw materials, which cannot be completely removed by irrigation of the raw materials in the rinsing machine. In addition, complete separation of high density polymers from low density polymers cannot be obtained.

The closest technical solution to the technical nature and the achieved effect is the equipment for washing polymer waste, described in / 5 /, including screw washers for washing contaminated polymer waste. Under the influence of water jets and the mixing action of the auger, loosely bound coarse contaminants are separated from the waste, as well as dispersed contaminants, which are discharged into the sewer with water through a perforation with a hole diameter of 3-6 mm.

This equipment does not allow to separate polymer impurities from the washed material with a density different from the density of the main material, in addition, when the size of the holes of the gutter-washer 6 mm, a lot of crushed raw materials are discharged into the sewer with water.

The purpose of the present invention is the creation of universal continuous equipment with high performance for high-quality washing of shredded waste of various polymeric materials, such as film waste, fibrous materials, PET containers, etc.

The problem is achieved by the fact that the proposed washing equipment for ground waste of polymeric materials consists of the washing machine itself and the rinsing machine. The washing machine is represented by a trapezoidal tank with an extension upward and with a bottom raised at an angle of 15 ° to the horizontal, above which a conveying screw is installed, under which a perforated tray is located. The washing machine is equipped with a mechanism for moving polymer raw materials floating on the surface of the washing liquid to the rinsing machine. The movement mechanism is represented by two combs with scrapers and a drive for moving them. The rinsing machine is represented by a rectangular tank, equipped with a conveyor screw raised at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal with a drive for its rotation, a perforated tray installed under the screw, and a raw water irrigation device. The design of the rinsing machine provides for the compression of the rinsed raw material before unloading it in a receiving container for maximum removal of water. For this purpose, the screw does not reach the end of the perforated tray by 3-4 turns and the raw materials are pressed by the conveying screw into the space formed by the perforated tray and the plate on which the screw rotation drive is installed.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing. Figure 1 shows a General view of the washing equipment (front view), where 1 is the washer, 2 is the rinse machine, 3 is the hopper of the washer, 4 is the tank of the washer, 5 is the conveying auger of the washer, 6 is the floating movement mechanism raw materials, 7 - comb of the moving mechanism, 8 - drive rotation of the auger of the washing machine, 9 - tray loading the raw materials into the rinsing machine, 10 - transporting auger of the rinsing machine, 11 - device for irrigation of raw materials with water, 12 - drive of rotation of the screw of the rinsing machine, 13 - drive movement mechanism Yeniya, 14 - washing machine heater, 15 - comb-rolling mechanism for moving the washing machine. Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the end of the comb-rolling 15 with scrapers and a perforated pallet mounted under it.

The proposed washing equipment operates as follows. The crushed polymer raw materials are continuously fed into the hopper feed 3 of the washing machine tank, filled with hot detergent solution or hot water to a certain level (shown in figure 1). Low-density polymer waste, such as shredded plastic or polypropylene film waste, remains on the surface of a hot detergent solution (or hot water). When the moving mechanism 6 is brought into operation, the comb 7 with scrapers advances the floating waste to the perforated tray of the washing machine, then the packer 15 with scrapers moves the raw materials further with its rubbing along this pallet until the raw materials are unloaded onto the tray 9, which serves to load the raw materials into the rinsing machine . With this washing, heavy dirt particles and polymer particles with a high density (more than 1 g / cm ³ ) settle to the bottom immediately when loading the raw materials into the washing machine and when the scrapers 7 move the comb 7 over the surface of the hot washing solution (or hot water). Heavy particles of dirt and foreign polymer deposited on the auger are discharged to the outside. When the raw materials are moved along the perforated tray, the washing solution with lightweight dirt is separated from the raw materials through the perforation or by the reverse flow and is returned to the washing machine through the filter.

Raw materials with a high density, for example, crushed waste PET containers, when loaded into the washer are lowered to the bottom, transported by the screw 5 along the washer, and light particles of contamination are separated from it, which float and are discharged by the movement mechanism. Particles of a foreign polymer (with a lower density) also float and are removed by the movement mechanism. During transportation, the particles of raw materials rub against each other, while dirt is separated from them and through a perforated tray mounted under the screw, it is discharged out or dirt particles (lightweight) float and are discharged outward by the movement mechanism.

The washing effect in the washing machine is thus achieved by exposure to a hot detergent solution (or hot water) and wiping the waste particles on a perforated tray (film waste from polyolefins) or by friction of the particles against each other (waste PET containers) during transportation a screw.

Then, the washed waste goes to the rinsing machine, where the raw material is transported with auger along the machine with clean water. Prepressing of raw materials occurs due to the fact that new portions of shredded waste are supplied by the screw to the area where there are no turns of the screw. At the same time, water with residual dirt flows through the perforation of the tray installed under the auger, and due to gravity down this tray. The angle of installation of the auger of 30 ° allows for the prepressing of raw materials to the water, which did not have time to pass through the perforation of the tray, to merge down the tray under the influence of gravity. At a larger angle of inclination, particles of raw materials can spill backward along the screw, while at a smaller angle, outflow of water occurs. The compressed raw material is pressed through with the next portion of the raw material supplied by the screw and discharged into the receiving container installed under the end of the perforated tray of the rinsing machine.

Washed in the created washing equipment waste PET containers (crushed bottles for drinks), or polyolefin film - this is a high-quality secondary raw material that needs little drying in drying units.

The performance of such a washer is more than 250 kg / h.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 2089689, cl. B29B 17/00, claimed 07/19/93, publ. 09/10/97.

2. Patent of Russia No. 2089690, cl. B29B 17/00, claimed 07/11/94, publ. 09/10/97.

3. Application No. 19647025 Germany, cl. B29B 13/06, claimed 11/14/96, publ. 05/20/98.

4. Patent of Russia No. 2227093, cl. B29B 17/00, claimed 07/31/02, publ. 04/20/04.

5. Derkach Ya.S. Equipment for the processing of waste thermoplastics. Polymer materials. - 2000, No. 16, pp. 10-15.

Claims (1)

Washing equipment for crushed wastes of polymeric materials, containing a washing machine and a rinsing machine connected in series, the latter is made in the form of a rectangular tank with a conveyor screw raised at an angle to the horizon and a perforated tray underneath, characterized in that the washing machine is made in the form of a tank trapezoidal shape with the bottom raised at an angle of 15 ° to the horizontal, while it is equipped with a conveying screw passing along the bottom with a perforated tray under it and a escheniya raw materials for an upper layer device with detergent liquid ointments feedstock to a perforated pan washing machine, and rinsing the machine screw is raised at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal, and this machine is structurally configured to feed compressed washed before unloading in order to maximize water removal.

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