RU2295440C1 - Washing machine of the continuous operation for the ground wastes of the polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; other industries; equipment for washing of the wastes of the ground polymeric materials.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the equipment for washing of the wastes of the ground polymeric materials. The washing machine of the continuous operation for the ground polymers wastes consists of two divided by the sealed partition tanks - the washing tank made in the form of the semi-cylinder, inside which there is the shaft with the activators and the shaft equipped with the rotary drive and the loading funnel, and the separation tank equipped with the raised bevel in the direction of the washed raw movement by the transporting feed screw with the drive of its rotation and with the holey underpan installed under the feed screw. The activators are made in the form of the rectangular vanes installed bevel to the shaft axis of the washing tank in such a way, that they are the components of the feed screw providing transportation of the ground polymeric wastes along the washing tank to the unloading device. The unloading device is represented by the unloading funnel and the perforated scoops concentrically fixed on the shaft of the washing tank. The separation tank is equipped with the partition separating the zone acceptance of the washed polymeric material from the remaining unit of the tank. The tanks of the washing machine are supplied with the electric heaters and are coated with the thermoinsulating coating. The invention ensures the qualitative washing of the ground polymeric materials wastes with simultaneous separation of admixtures and other substances with density less than 1 g/cm³.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the qualitative washing of the ground polymeric materials wastes with simultaneous separation of admixtures and other substances with density less than 1 g/cm³.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for washing waste polymer materials in powdered form.

For washing shredded polymer waste, there are many different washing machines and devices.

So, a number of machines of activator and drum types are known. The washing effect in the machines of the activator type is achieved due to the intensive flow of washing liquid created by the rotation of the activators. The washing effect in drum-type machines is achieved by transferring the polymer material in the washing liquid, which creates friction between the polymer layers, as well as the friction of the polymer particles on the walls of the drum.

Known patent of Russia 2089689/1 /, according to which a device is claimed containing an activator in the form of a hollow mobile pontoon with an electric drive inside, the anchor of which is connected to the pontoon body, characterized in that the body is cylindrical, and the electric drive is a cylindrical linear motor mounted in the body so that its axis is located below and parallel to the axis of the housing.

The washing machine described in Russian patent 2089690/2 / contains a vertical tank with washing liquid and an activator made of several flat elements, each of which is fixed independently from the other on a support with the possibility of oscillation under the action of a vibrator electromagnet mounted on the outside of the tank. The machine is characterized in that the activator is located along the vertical wall of the tank, and the supports of its elements are made in the form of separate spring plates mounted on the inner surface of the tank. In this case, the flat elements of the activator have through lenticular conical slots and shock absorbers uniformly distributed over the area of the activator, and each winding of the vibrator electromagnet is divided into two parts, connected one to another electrically in series.

The above machines are of periodic action, therefore their productivity is small, and the washed raw materials need additional rinsing.

Known washer for washing shredded polymer waste, described in the application 19647025 Germany / 3 /. This is a drum-type machine with a vane rotor, in which the crushed waste is periodically removed from the rotor's action area, moved along the drum shell, and then returned to this zone. The centrifugal force of the rotor is used to remove waste from the zone; for axial movements, the transport auger located between the rotor and the drum shell.

This washer does not provide high productivity due to the length of the washing process and requires significant energy costs.

The closest technical solution is the line for washing shredded polymer waste, described in RF patent 2227093/4 /. The line contains a washing machine connected in series, made in the form of a rectangular-shaped tank with a semi-cylindrical bottom, inside which a shaft with corrugated activators passes, a separation machine and rinsing machine, made in the form of rectangular-shaped tanks with conveying screws, sedimentation tanks blocked by filters, a pipe with a nozzle is installed on the cover of the washer to move the washed raw materials into the separation machine. The washing machine is divided by removable corrugated partitions into washing chambers, interconnected by transfer slots made in the partitions. At least one activator is installed inside each chamber, and the last chamber is equipped with a pump for pumping the washed polymer into the separation machine, and the corrugation of the partitions and activators is made in such a way that it increases the turbulence of the flow created by the activators. The nozzle of the outlet pipe of polymer raw materials with washing liquid is inclined 15-20 ° to the conveyor screw of the separation machine, and the conveyor screws are raised at an angle of 15-20 ° in the direction of movement of the polymer material. Separation and rinsing machines are equipped with additionally perforated pallets pivotally mounted under the screws with the possibility of moving one edge adjacent to the separation partition up and down.

This line is distinguished by large dimensions, as it consists of three machines connected in series with each other and two settling tanks. Moreover, this line does not provide a good quality of washing the crushed polymer waste, since the washing process is carried out at a low concentration of raw materials in the washing solution (at a high concentration, the pump will not work on unloading the raw materials into the separation machine) and at a low temperature. In addition, during the operation of this line, raw materials with a large amount of dirty washing solution, i.e. dirt enters the raw materials, which cannot be completely removed by irrigation of the raw materials in the rinsing machine.

The purpose of the present invention is the creation of compact continuous equipment with high performance for high-quality washing of crushed waste polymer materials (for example, waste PET containers) with the simultaneous separation of polymer impurities and other materials with a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ (for example, crushed plugs and tear-off ribbons from traffic jams).

The task is achieved in that the proposed washing machine consists of two thermally insulated tanks separated by a sealed partition 1 - a washing tank 2 and a separation tank 3 (see figures 1, 2 and 3). The washing tank 2 is made in the form of a half cylinder, in which there is a shaft 4 with activators made in the form of rectangular blades 5 located at an angle to the axis of the shaft so that they are like fragments of a screw. The blades serve not only as activators of the washing process, but also are designed to move the polymer along the washing tank to the discharge device. The separation tank is structurally made in the form of a rectangular container equipped with a conveyor screw 6 raised at an angle in the direction of movement of the washed raw material with a drive 7 and a perforated tray located under the screw. The separation wall 9 of the separation tank separates the place of receipt of the washed raw materials from the rest of the tank. This design of the separation tank allows you to separate from the main polymer material (whose density is more than 1 g / cm ³ ) impurities of other materials (including polymer) with a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ . At the outlet of the washing tank, a device for unloading the polymer material into the separation tank is installed. This device is represented by perforated scoops 10, concentrically fixed to the shaft of the washing tank, and a funnel 11, from which raw materials (practically without washing solution) are poured into the separation tank. Scoops are perforated to drain dirty cleaning solution. The washing tank is equipped with a drive 12 of rotation of the shaft and a loading funnel 13. The tanks of the washing machine are equipped with electric heaters and a thermally insulating coating 8.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of the washing machine (front view), Figure 2 - General view of the washing machine (side view), Figure 3 - General view of the washing machine (top view), where: 1 - partition separating the washing a tank from a separation tank, 2 — a washing tank, 3 — a separation tank, 4 — a washing tank shaft, 5 — blades, 6 — auger, 7 — auger rotation drive, 8 — thermal insulation, 9 — separation tank partition, 10 — perforated scoop unloading devices, 11 - discharge device funnel, 12 - shaft rotation drive with activator blades, 13 - washing hopper loading funnel.

The proposed washing machine operates as follows. The crushed polymer raw materials, for example, crushed PET waste, are continuously fed into the hopper 13 of the washing tank filled with heated detergent solution or water. The washing effect in the washing machine is achieved due to the intense friction of the particles of polymer material between each other and the walls of the washing tank created by the activators, as well as due to the high (80-85 ° C) temperature of the washing solution. Moreover, the washing tank is loaded with a large amount of polymer material - its concentration in the washing solution is not less than 50% (volume), therefore the friction intensity is high and the productivity of the machine is large. During washing, the polymer material is transported to the unloading device, where the perforated scoops 10 mounted on the shaft 4 of the washing tank evenly rise from the washing solution (the dirty washing solution flows through the perforation of the scoops) and is transferred to the funnel 11 of this device, almost without washing solution . The level of the washing solution in the washing tank is maintained at a level below the entrance to the funnel of the discharge device, while the washing solution does not cover the blades 5 in their upper position. From the funnel 11 of the discharge device, the polymer material uniformly enters the separation tank 3, filled with clean water. In the separation tank, the washed polymer material, for example shredded PET containers, sinks to the bottom in the inlet of the tank. In the process of unloading the washed polymer from the washing tank into the separation tank, lighter particles of foreign polymer (for example, particles of corks and tear-off tapes from the corks) and light dirt particles float to the surface of the water and can be removed from the tank manually (using a mesh container). The movement of these particles on the surface of the water along the separation tank to the exit from it is prevented by the transverse partition installed in this tank, near which they accumulate. Due to the uniform discharge of the washed material into the separation tank, lighter particles of polymer and dirt have time to float to the surface of the water. In addition, the screw installed in the separation tank agitates the polymer feed, and particles with a density of less than 1 g / cm ³ that were covered with particles of the main polymer material float. The polymer, together with heavy particles of dirt, is captured by the screw and moved to the outlet of the separation tank. When moving polymer raw materials along the separation tank, it is washed with clean water - rinsed, heavy dirt particles pass through the openings of the gutter and sink to the bottom of the tank. The upper turns of the screw installed in the separation tank are not covered with water, therefore, pure crushed polymer material is transported higher and practically without water and discharged into the receiving container installed under the last turn of the screw.

PET containers washed in the created washing equipment (crushed beverage bottles) are good secondary raw materials that have the following characteristics:

The presence of paper and glue after washing,% (mass.) 0.007 The presence of residues of traffic jams and tear-off ribbons from plugs after washing,% (mass.) 0.001 The presence of mechanical inclusions,% (mass) up to 0.01 Tensile strength, MPa 72,4 Compressive strength, MPa 5.2 Elongation at break,%, not less than 38 Bulk density, m ³ 0.8

After drying, such raw materials can be subjected to a granulation process or used for injection molding to produce fiber-porous materials and the like. The performance of the washer is at least 250 kg / h.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia 2089689, declared. 07/19/93, publ. 09/10/97.

2. Patent of Russia 2089690, declared. 07/11/94, publ. 09/10/97.

3. Application 19647025 Germany, declared. 11/14/96, publ. 05/20/98.

4. Russian patent 2227093, filed. 07/31/2002, publ. 04/20/2004.

Claims (1)

A continuous washing machine for shredded polymer waste, consisting of two tanks separated by a sealed partition - a washing tank made in the form of a half cylinder, inside of which a shaft with activators passes, and equipped with a shaft rotation drive and a loading funnel, and a separation tank equipped with a raised angle the direction of movement of the washed raw material by the conveying screw with its rotation drive and a perforated tray installed under the screw, characterized in that the activators are made in the form of a rectangular blades mounted at an angle to the axis of the shaft of the washing tank in such a way that they are fragments of the screw, providing transportation of the crushed polymer waste along the washing tank to the unloading device, which is represented by an unloading funnel and perforated scoops, concentrically mounted on the shaft of the washing tank, and the separation tank equipped with a partition separating the reception area of the washed polymer material from the rest of the tank, and the tanks of the washing machine are equipped with electric heaters and are covered with thermal insulation iruyuschim coating.

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