RU2321806C2 - Composition and method for surface layer of ice massif preparing to run speed skating competitions and training - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: adaptation of ice surface for speed skating competitions and training, particularly indoor skating rinks.

SUBSTANCE: ice surface creation method involves preparing ice massif for following ice layers forming; performing prepared ice machine massif shipping through 0.35 mm depth in single operation; spraying purified water at temperature of 40°-75°C onto prepared surface to freeze the first ice layer; performing machine spraying of purified water-based composition at temperature of 40°-75°C and freezing of the second and at least one next layer during previous ice layer shipping, wherein the water-based composition includes polyethylene glycol solution and ammonia spirit with 0.00002-0.0002 % by weight of polyethylene glycol and 0.0005-0.003 % by weight of ammonia spirit; holding each of said layers for time selected from time interval between 20 min and 2 hours at temperature of heat carrier in ice massif base plate pipes equal to -9°C÷ -14°C. Composition for ice surface preparation comprises polyethylene glycol solution with 0.00002-0.0002 % by weight of polyethylene glycol and 0.0005-0.003 % by weight of ammonia spirit, remainder is water.

EFFECT: increased ice surface slipperiness.

8 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to technologies for creating sports grounds with an ice cover in closed rooms for training and ice skating, in particular, to creating or forming a surface layer of an ice mass for speed skating, and can be used to create or forming a surface layer of an ice mass in closed rooms (skating rinks) for training or competitions of skaters, performances of masters of figure skating, ice hockey or ball.

State of the art

Recently, with the advent of closed skating rinks for speed skating, the achievements of athletes have begun to largely depend not only on the level of training of athletes, but also on technical means: the construction of skates, tracksuit, ice characteristics, thermal parameters of the air in the ice arena and etc. An important role in setting new records, in particular in speed skating, is ice coverage, that is, ice on which training or competitions are held. Therefore, improving the properties of ice, that is, its sliding properties, it is possible to reduce the resistance forces arising between the ridge blade and the ice surface, which ultimately leads to an increase in the speed of the skater and the improvement of his own or world records.

Currently, many methods have been developed to form or create artificial ice.

For example, US patent No. 4953360 (publ. 04.09.1990) describes a method that uses a surfactant in the form of an alcohol from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, and silicone.

In British patent No. 1528447 (publ. 11/10/1978) a method is disclosed in which fluorinated polypropylene, glycol and a water lubricant or glycerin and a water lubricant are added to the water from which an ice layer is frozen.

The use of a lubricant that is applied to or frozen in ice is also known from US Pat. Nos. 5,336,548 (publ. 11/15/1994) and 5,409,622 (publ. 04/25/1995), Dutch Patent No. 1,020,897 (publ. 12/19/2003), Canadian applications No. 2216114 and 2249770 (both publ. 07.04.1999).

There are also known methods in which polyethylene (USSR author's certificate No. 444039, publ. 09/25/1974) or polyvinyl alcohol (USSR author's certificate No. 1242505, publ. 07/07/1986 and 1649218, publ. 05/15/1991, are introduced into the water to freeze the ice layer. )

However, all these and some other known methods still do not allow to obtain ice with maximum glide.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above analogues and the creation of artificial ice with the most sliding properties.

This problem with the achievement of the specified technical result is solved in the method of forming the surface layer of the ice mass for the competition and training in speed skating according to the present invention. This method includes preparing an ice mass for subsequent application of ice layers; machine planing of the prepared ice mass is performed to a depth of not more than 0.35 mm for a single planing with pouring and freezing of the first ice layer with purified water at a temperature selected from the interval from 40 to 75 ° C; machine fill and freeze the second and at least one more layer of ice with purified water at a temperature selected from the interval from 40 to 75 ° C, with the addition of a solution of polyethylene glycol and ammonia, for which the concentration values are in wt.%: from 0, 00002 to 0.0002 for polyethylene glycol and solute concentrations from 0.0005 to 0.003 for ammonia, during machine planing of the previous layer of ice; at the same time, each of the aforementioned ice layers is maintained for a time selected from an interval of 20 minutes to 2 hours, at a coolant temperature in the pipes of the base plate of the mentioned ice mass, selected from an interval of from -9 to -14 ° C.

An additional feature of the method of the present invention is that in the first and subsequent odd maintenance intervals for said ice mass during the competition, machine planing of the top ice layer to said depth with machine filling and freezing of the ice layer using purified water is performed.

Also an additional feature of the method of the present invention is that in the second and subsequent even breaks for servicing said ice mass during the competition, machine planing of the top ice layer to said depth with machine filling and freezing of the ice layer using purified water with the mentioned solution additives polyethylene glycol and ammonia in the mentioned concentrations.

Another feature of the method of the present invention is that the ice mass is prepared by machine planing without pouring water until the ice mass is brought out to the thickness necessary to eliminate the consequences of using ice in the process of competition and (or) training.

Another feature of the method according to the present invention is that machine planing is carried out no more than 0.35 mm for a single planing.

Also a feature of the method of the present invention is that water is purified for the aforementioned machine pouring by passing water sequentially through a carbon filter, an ion exchange filter and a membrane filter of a reverse osmosis system.

Also, the objective of the present invention to achieve the specified technical result is solved by the use of a composition for forming a surface layer of an ice mass for competitions and speed skating training used for machine pouring and freezing of at least one ice layer on said ice mass, consisting of, by weight .%: a solution of polyethylene glycol in a concentration of from 0.00002 to 0.0002; liquid ammonia with a concentration of solute from 0.0005 to 0.003 and purified water - the rest.

Another feature of the composition of the present invention is that said water for said machine pouring is purified by passing water sequentially through a carbon filter, an ion exchange filter and a membrane filter of a reverse osmosis system.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In the drawings, illustrating certain aspects of the present invention, like reference numerals refer to like elements.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of an ice pack with formed surface layers according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a diagram of experimental data obtained by pouring the first three layers of ice with additives and the next three layers of ice without additives according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a diagram of experimental data obtained by pouring six layers of ice with additives according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Ice layers are frozen onto a pre-formed ice mass having a plurality of pre-frozen layers in the process of implementing the method of the present invention. Figure 1 shows a sectional view of an ice massif with ice layers. The ice mass is frozen on the base plate 1, inside of which the coolant circulates in the pipes 2. The temperature of the latter is maintained at the required level using refrigeration units (not shown). The specific procedure for freezing said plurality of ice layers is not an object of the present invention, and may be any known or newly proposed procedure. After freezing the ice massif 3 on the base plate 1, each of the subsequent ice layers 4 is poured and frozen. The top layer 5 in FIG. 1 is another poured layer. This is not necessarily the last layer of the ice mass.

The method of forming an ice mass is a complex technological process and consists in the following.

Prior to the start of pouring and freezing of the ice layers 4, the formed ice mass 3 is prepared for subsequent application of the ice layers 4. Preparation of the formed ice massif 3 is necessary for leveling the surface of the previously formed ice massif 3 to eliminate the consequences of using ice in the process of competition and (or) training and subsequent application of the finishing layers. This preparation is carried out by machine planing of ice without pouring it with water until the ice mass is brought out to the required thickness, and the aforementioned and all subsequent machine planing is carried out to a depth not exceeding 0.35 mm for a single planing.

Next, machine planing of said prepared ice massif 3 is performed with simultaneous pouring and freezing of the first ice layer 6 with purified water.

Water, which is used for machine pouring, goes through several stages of deep purification, including the passage of water first through a carbon filter, then through an ion-exchange filter and, finally, through a membrane filter of the reverse osmosis system. A carbon filter is needed to purify water from chlorine and organic compounds, an ion-exchange filter is needed to replace calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions, and a reverse osmosis membrane filter is designed to maximize water purification. Such a deep purification occurs with a different order of stages compared with the purification described, for example, in US patent No. 5536411 (publ. July 16, 1996). The purified water supplied to the fill has a temperature in the range from 40 to 75 ° C.

Figure 1 in the upper layer 5, the dashed line conventionally shows the thickness of this layer after machine planing, and the dashed line shows the thickness of this layer 5 after pouring water. A machine for planing and pouring water can be as described, for example, in US patent No. 4312142 (publ. 26.01.1982) and PCT application No. WO 2004/092485 (publ. 28.10.2004).

After pouring each layer 4 of ice, an operation is carried out to maintain it, that is, during the exposure time lying in the range from 20 minutes to 2 hours, the frozen ice is not subjected to any operations. With the mentioned holding operation, the temperature of the coolant in the pipes 2 of the base plate 1 is selected in the temperature range from -9 to -14 ° C.

After the first frozen ice layer 6 has been aged for the time mentioned above, it is machine-planed to the above depth with simultaneous pouring and freezing of the second ice finishing layer 7 with purified water with the addition of a solution of polyethylene glycol and ammonia, for which the concentration values are, wt. %: from 0.00002 to 0.0002 for polyethylene glycol and solute concentrations from 0.0005 to 0.003 for ammonia. Such concentrations are obtained when from 120 to 1200 ml of a solution of polyethylene glycol in a concentration of 0.2% and from 60 to 360 ml of ammonia (or from 6 to 36 ml of ammonia) are introduced into the tank of a planing machine with a capacity of 1200 liters, after which they fill tank mentioned purified water to the maximum level of this tank.

After keeping the frozen ice layer 7, the operations of pouring and freezing at least one more ice layer (layer 8 in FIG. 1) are repeated, as for the above layer 7. The ice layers 9-11 in FIG. 1 are formed in the same way as the above layers 7 and 8 of ice.

Figure 2 presents a diagram showing the deterioration of the speed of ice when pouring ice layers without additives after three layers of ice with additives.

Figure 3 shows a diagram confirming the growth of speed qualities of ice to the fourth layer (10 in Figure 1) using additives and the cessation of growth in the fifth layer (11 in Figure 1) using additives.

Thus, taking into account the data presented in FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be concluded that it is advisable to fill in at least four layers (7-10 in FIG. 1) of ice using a solution of polyethylene glycol and ammonia as additives .

However, in order to maintain high speed properties of ice for a long time, periodically there is a need during competitions or training to update the top layer of ice.

Therefore, during the first and subsequent odd breaks for servicing the mentioned ice massif during the competition or training, machine the planing of the previous ice layer to the above depth with machine filling and freezing the ice layer using purified water without additives and then withstand its above exposure time.

And in the second and subsequent even breaks for servicing the mentioned ice massif, machine planing of the previous ice layer to the above depth with machine filling and freezing the ice layer using purified water with the addition of solutions of polyethylene glycol and ammonia in the above concentrations is carried out.

Thus, ice formed in accordance with the presented method has excellent sliding characteristics for a sufficiently long period of time.

Although the specific values of the individual parameters are indicated in this description, all of them are illustrative only and not limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined only by the attached claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method of forming a surface layer of an ice mass for conducting competitions and training in speed skating, comprising the steps of preparing an ice mass for subsequent application of ice layers; machine planing of the prepared ice mass is carried out to a depth of not more than 0.35 mm for a single planing with pouring and freezing of the first ice layer with purified water at a temperature selected from the interval 40 ÷ 75 ° C, machine fill and freeze the second and at least one more layer of ice with purified water at a temperature selected from the interval 40 ÷ 75 ° C, with the addition of a solution of polyethylene glycol and ammonia, for which the concentration values are, wt.%: 0.00002 ÷ 0.0002 for polyethylene glycol and solute concentrations 0.0005 ÷ 0.003 for ammonia, during machine planing of the previous layer of ice; at the same time, each of the aforementioned ice layers is maintained for a time selected from the interval of 20 min ÷ 2 hours at a coolant temperature in the pipes of the base plate of the mentioned ice mass selected from the interval (-9) ÷ (-14) ° С. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which during the first and subsequent odd breaks for servicing said ice massif during the competition, machine planing the top ice layer to said depth with machine filling and freezing the ice layer using purified water. 3. The method according to claim 2, in which, in the second and subsequent even breaks for servicing said ice massif during the competition, machine planing the top ice layer to said depth with machine filling and freezing the ice layer using purified water with the abovementioned polyethylene glycol solution additives and ammonia in the mentioned concentrations. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which said ice mass is prepared by machine planing without pouring water until the ice mass is brought out to the thickness necessary to eliminate the consequences of using ice in the process of competition and (or) training. 5. The method according to claim 4, in which machine planing is carried out no more than 0.35 mm for a single planing. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the water is purified for said machine pouring by passing water sequentially through a carbon filter, an ion exchange filter and a membrane filter of a reverse osmosis system. 7. The composition for forming the surface layer of the ice mass for competitions and speed skating, used for machine filling and freezing at least one layer of ice on the ice mass, consisting of, wt.%: A solution of polyethylene glycol at a concentration of 0, 00002 ÷ 0.0002; ammonia with a solute concentration of 0.0005 ÷ 0.003; purified water the rest. 8. The composition according to claim 7, in which said water for said machine pouring is purified by passing water sequentially through a carbon filter, an ion exchange filter and a membrane filter of a reverse osmosis system.

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