RU2316323C1 - Method for preventing iron deficiency anemia in piglets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with supplementing combined feedstuffs for piglets with 1.0-2.0%-mixture out of fumaric acid and bentonite per 1 kg diet's starting from their 7-d age and up to the period of weaning. Fumaric acid and bentonite should be applied at the ratio of 2.0-3.5 and 98.0-96.5 weight%, correspondingly.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of prophylaxis.

2 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, namely to the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets.

A known method for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia by intramuscular injection of iron dextran preparations - ferrodex, ferroglukin, ferrodextran, etc. (see Shcherbakov G.G., Internal diseases of animals. - M .: Publishing house "Lan". - 2002. - p. 592-595).

Also known is a method for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia by a single intramuscular injection of ferroglukin with an additional solution containing zinc glycinate, copper glycinate and potassium iodide (RF Patent No. 2135173, CL 6 A61K 31/295, 31/30, 31/315, 33 / 18. Bull. No. 24 dated 08/27/99).

The disadvantages of the known methods and compositions are the low level of effect on the body, as well as the increased sensitivity of piglets to iron-dextran preparations against the background of vitamin deficiency E. In addition, iron preparations significantly impair the absorption of the tetracycline antibiotic, the use of which is indicated for gastrointestinal diseases of piglets of various etiologies, in which as a result of inflammation and toxic damage to organs and systems, there is a decrease in the content of iron in blood serum with a simultaneous decrease in ur hear hemoglobin.

The closest analogue to the claimed is a method for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in farm animals, carried out in the following way: animals are given 0.5-3.0 ml per 1 kg of live weight, a preparation of complex compounds of zinc and iron with beet sugar once a day for 10- 15 days before the restoration of hemoglobin norm (Patent RU 218865 C1, 7 А61К 33/26).

The disadvantage of this method is the low effectiveness of prevention.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets.

The solution to the problem is achieved in that for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia, piglets from 7 days of age and before weaning 1 kg of dry matter feed are injected with 1.0-2.0% of a mixture of fumaric acid and bentonite clay in a ratio of 2.0-3.5 g and 98.0-96.5 wt.%, respectively.

The technical result of the claimed proposal is due to the fact that the introduction of the specified drug into the feed has a versatile effect on the causes of the pathology. Biologically active substances - macro- and microelements that are part of bentonite clay, positively affect the body of piglets. Thus, iron in a living organism is contained in the form of organic compounds presented in two forms - heminic (hemoglobin, myoglobin and heme-containing enzymes - cytochromes, cytochrome oxidase, catalase, peroxidase) and non-heminic (transferrin, ferritin, hemosiderin and ferroflavoproteins). In erythrocytes, iron is represented by hemoglobin, in plasma it is part of transferrin, a β-globulin containing two Fe ⁺⁺⁺ atoms and performing the function of transporting iron. Iron compounds perform oxidative functions in the body. Hemoglobin carries out oxygen transport, myoglobin - its binding and reservation. Cytochromes, cytochrome oxidase, catalase, peroxidase play an important role in the processes of tissue respiration, iron is a part of enzymes and coenzymes, as well as a nuclear substance of all body cells.

Copper is necessary for hemoglobin formation processes and cannot be replaced by any other element. In addition, it promotes the transfer of iron to the bone marrow and its transformation into an organically bound form. Copper stimulates the maturation of reticulocytes and their conversion into red blood cells.

Fumaric acid (Buzlama B.C. Pharmacological characteristics of fumaric acid. // Veterinary medicine. - 1986. - No. 3. - P.44-53) is a representative of organic dicarboxylic acids that are actively involved in key reactions of structural, enzymatic and energy support. According to recent data, an important biological function of fumarate is its direct participation in heme synthesis and its addition to animal diets increases iron absorption by 30%.

Thus, the proposed method has a direct effect on the processes of erythro- and hematopoiesis, providing prevention of anemia in piglets, since the relationship of iron with other trace elements involved in the hematopoiesis is taken into account. It is known that the process of erythro- and hematopoiesis is directly related to the exchange of trace elements such as copper and cobalt, and only with their optimal ratio anemia is eliminated. So, copper catalyzes the incorporation of iron into the gem structure and promotes the maturation of red blood cells in the early stages of development. The biological role of cobalt is due to its presence in the molecule of vitamin B 12, which regulates hematopoiesis.

In the patent and scientific and technical literature, the applicants did not find information on the use of bentonite clays and dicarboxylic fumaric acid in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia in piglets, which suggests the presence of an inventive step of the proposal.

The production name of the composition, consisting of bentonite clay and fumaric acid, is the word formed from the abbreviation of the word "montmorillonite" (a synonym for the name of bentonite clay) - "moraine".

"Morenit" is a composition that is a powder from light yellow to gray, odorless and tasteless with a particle size of 4 to 120 microns, the active substance of which is montmorillonite clay and fumaric acid.

Morenite is obtained by mechanical mixing of its constituent components. In this case, standard fumaric acid is used, which is a white or slightly yellow, odorless crystalline powder made according to TU 2431-001-48426412-99 (LLC Rosplast Russia) and PBN grade bentonite clay powder (TU 2164-002-00136716-2001) received at OJSC "Ilsky Plant Weighting-NPO" Drilling ".

The prophylactic effectiveness of the drug was tested in large white piglets aged 7 to 36 days. For this, 3 groups of analogue piglets were formed, which are located with lactating sows in machines of 10-12 piglets. For the animals of the first experimental group, the steamed porridge made from barley and wheat turf, and later in dry compound feed, was supplemented with a moraine preparation at the rate of 1% to the feed once a day for 30 days. The second group of piglets was given this drug before weaning according to a similar scheme at the rate of 2% of dry food. The third group of piglets (control) was intramuscularly injected with irondextran preparation ferroglukin at the rate of 2 ml per animal with repeated single administration of 3 ml after 10 days.

In all groups throughout the experiment, the clinical condition of the animals and the results of hematological and biochemical studies were taken into account. Testing results are shown in table 1.

Data from comparative tests to determine the prophylactic efficacy of drugs for iron deficiency anemia of piglets Indicators Background At the end of the experiment I group II group III group erythrocytes, 10 ¹² / l 6.52 ± 0.72 6.75 ± 0.2 6.9 ± 0.32 7.2 ± 0.41 white blood cells, 10 ¹² / l 16.57 ± 1.2 15.4 ± 1.9 15.8 ± 2.0 15.21 ± 1.8 hemoglobin, g / l 68.3 ± 10.7 102.0 ± 4.4 103.5 ± 10.8 98.3 ± 6.1 CPU unit 0.70 1,02 1.01 0.98 iron, mcg / 100 ml 130.0 ± 16.2 186.7 ± 21.4 195.3 ± 18.5 180.2 ± 16.4 copper, mcg / 100 ml 172.4 ± 18.5 206.3 ± 15.4 203.7 ± 19.8 163.0 ± 20, l

The effectiveness of the use of the drug is presented in examples where fumaric acid was taken in the following amounts: 0.02-0.035 g, and bentonite clay - 9.98-9.65 g, respectively, based on 1 kg of feed.

Example 1

Preliminarily, by mechanical mixing, an additive to the feed was obtained in the ratio of 2% fumaric acid and 98% bentonite clay. Then, for each kilogram of dry matter of the feed, 1% of the resulting mixture was added. Piglet daily, 1 time per day, from 7 days of age received a feed enriched with moraine.

Hemoglobin levels in the blood were monitored every 10 days. Already on day 20, the hemoglobin level increased by 28.4%, the number of red blood cells - by 9.6%, the concentration of iron - by 15.0%. The absence of signs of anemia was noted. Prophylactic administration of fortified feed continued until weaning.

Example 2

According to the method described in example 1, a mixture of 3.5% fumaric acid and 96.5% bentonite clay was made. The resulting mixture - moraine was mixed with dry food at the rate of 2% per 1 kilogram of combined feed. The mixture was fed to the piglet from 7 days of age until weaning, under the control of blood factors. On the 16th day, the hemoglobin level increased by 32.7%, the number of red blood cells - by 11.2%, the concentration of iron - by 18.3%. Signs of anemia were absent.

Thus, the conducted testing allows us to conclude that the use of the drug morenit is an effective way to prevent iron deficiency anemia in piglets.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets, including the introduction of trace elements to piglets, characterized in that from 7 days of age and before weaning 1 kg of dry matter of feed, add 1.0-2.0% of a mixture of fumaric acid and bentonite clay in the ratio: 2 , 0-3.5 and 98.0-96.5 wt.%, Respectively.