RU2316208C2 - Method for stimulating embryonic and early post-embryonic development in poultry offspring - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: poultry science.

SUBSTANCE: one should carry out UV-irradiation of eggs in the course of the whole period of incubation and hatching the offspring due to applying a bactericidal irradiator-recycler of closed type. The innovation enables to increase egg capacity in poultry and, also, shorten the terms for hatching the offspring that in its turn enables to decrease the expenses per production unit, increase the quality of the obtained offspring due to decreasing unconditioned poultry, decrease labor intensity of the process and improve sanitary conditions in works as a whole due to simultaneous disinfection of eggs, air and hatchery surfaces, in hatching area, among them as "the dirtiest" stage and, also, increase ecology of microclimate in hatchery housing and provide the safety of technological process due to the chance to work without switching off the system of disinfection.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of stimulation.

3 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of poultry and can be used both in industrial poultry and in the process of incubation of eggs of rare species of birds.

A known method of stimulating the embryonic development of young birds, including processing the eggs with ultraviolet radiation before laying them for incubation (see, for example, SU 1362479 A1, 12/30/1987).

However, this method is time-consuming and not effective enough, because, on the one hand, it requires the installation of sophisticated equipment, and on the other hand, it does not significantly increase the hatchability of eggs.

There is also known a method of stimulating the embryonic development of young birds, including ultraviolet irradiation of eggs during the incubation process (see, for example, A. A. Prokopenko. Disinfection of air, surfaces of incubators and eggs by UV radiation. Veterinary Medicine, 1990, No. 4, p.21- 23).

The disadvantage of this method is that UV irradiation of poultry eggs is carried out during the incubation process until the eggs are transferred to the conclusion, which reduces the effectiveness of the method. The use of this type of UV radiation in the hatcher incubator is impossible, because Direct UV exposure is detrimental to living organisms. In addition, there is a danger of direct exposure to staff, which makes it necessary to turn off the UV irradiation system when opening the incubator.

The objective of the present invention is to develop an effective, non-laborious method that allows to increase the output of young birds and improve its quality.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the method of stimulating embryonic and early postembryonic development of young birds according to the invention, UV irradiation of eggs is carried out during the entire period of incubation and removal of young animals by using a closed bactericidal irradiator-recirculator.

It is recommended to install a closed type bactericidal irradiator-recirculator in the incubator zone free from other equipment.

The power of the bactericidal flow of a closed-type irradiator-recirculator is calculated by the formula

and the number of lamps - according to the formula

where Ф _БК - bactericidal flux power (W),

V is the volume of the disinfected medium (m ³ ),

H _V - volumetric bactericidal dose (standardized parameter) (J / m ³ ),

t is the operating time of the irradiator, for which a given level of bactericidal effectiveness of 1 BC (hour) must be achieved,

K _f - coefficient of use of bactericidal lamps (experimental),

3600 - conversion rate of hours per second,

F _BKL - power of the bactericidal flow of one lamp (W),

N is the number of lamps.

It is also recommended to use mercury-free ozone-free bactericidal lamps, for example, type DKB, DRB (with a uvole glass bulb) of domestic manufacture or lamp-irradiators of the Osram type HVS, or Philips lamp type TUVs.

Closed-type bactericidal irradiators-recirculators are effective sanitary-hygienic devices for disinfecting indoor air, including in the presence of people. Their principle of operation is based on the disinfection of flowing air with C-band UV radiation - with a wavelength of 254 nm - with high bactericidal activity against pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, spores and protozoa. The design of the recirculators eliminates the UV radiation outside the enclosure, and the radiation sources do not produce ozone harmful to the body during operation, and therefore disinfection is not only effective but also safe: it does not harm plants, animals, and decoration (see, for example, www.medcomp.ru or www.dezar.ru).

The technical result provided by the invention consists in increasing the level of hatchability of eggs, improving the quality of young animals, reducing the complexity of the process due to the simultaneous disinfection of eggs, air and surfaces of the incubator, including in the hatch zone - the most "dirty" stage, and ensuring its safety due to the ability to work without disabling the disinfection system.

The method according to the invention is illustrated by the following examples, which, however, do not cover, and moreover do not limit the entire scope of the claims of this invention.

Example 1

In the experiment we used eggs of ducks of the Medeo cross - 54 eggs each in the experiment and in the control. The incubation in the control group was carried out without the use of UV radiation. For experiments used incubators IPX-10. During incubation, the following were determined: the category of development and weight loss when transferring eggs to hatch; hatchability and waste incubation; duration of embryonic development; total microbial number (TBC) by the number of colonies of the forming units.

Before the start of incubation, we determine the power of the bactericidal flow and the number of lamps for the incubation and outlet chambers of 0.5 × 0.45 × 0.5 (m) in size. Substitute numerical values in the formula

(Вт). По каталогу источников света немецкой фирмы "Osram" выбираем лампу-облучатель HVS для стерилизации без образования озона минимальной мощности марки HVS 7W OFR мощностью бактерицидного потока 1,9 Вт. Количество ламп определяем по формуле

(округляем в большую сторону).We accept N _V = 510 J / m ³ , recommended for industrial premises of the meat, dairy and fishing industries, t - 1 hour, K _Ф = 0.4, we get

(Tue). According to the catalog of light sources of the German company Osram, we choose an HVS irradiator lamp for sterilization without the generation of ozone of minimum power of the HVS 7W OFR grade with a bactericidal flux of 1.9 W. The number of lamps is determined by the formula

(round up).

Thus, in the incubator we install 1 lamp with a bactericidal flux of 1.9 watts. A closed bactericidal irradiator-recirculator is installed in the incubator zone, free from other equipment.

The results of the experiment showed that in the experimental group the hatchability of eggs was higher than in the control by 4.6%. In the experimental group, the outstripping development of embryos was noted, as a result of which the hatching of young animals started and ended 10 hours earlier.

The indicator total microbial number (TBC) in the experimental group, determined periodically during the entire incubation process, was 1.5 ... 7 times less than in the control.

Example 2

In the experiment we used eggs of cross chickens "Hysex brown" - 54 eggs in the experiment and in the control. The experiments were also carried out in the IPH-10 incubator. The incubation conditions in terms of determining the power of the bactericidal flow and the number of installed lamps are similar to example 1. Additionally, in this experiment, the presence of bacteria of the group of Escherichia coli (BHEC) was determined.

The results showed that in the experimental group the hatchability of eggs was higher than in the control by 5.4%, the rapid development of embryos was also noted here, as a result of which the hatching of young animals started and ended 9 hours earlier.

The growth of BGKP in the experimental group was not detected, while in the control it was observed. The TMP in the experimental group is 43 times less.

Example 3

In the experiment we used eggs of ISA-15 cross chickens - 316 eggs in the experiment and 321 eggs in the control. The experiments were carried out in Danki incubators. The size of the incubation and outlet chambers is 1.2 × 0.7 × 1 (m). The incubation conditions in terms of determining the power of the bactericidal stream and the number of installed lamps are similar to example 1. In this case, the estimated power of the bactericidal stream of one lamp was 0.3 watts. A lamp of the TUV 7 type with a bactericidal flux of 1.9 W was selected from the Philips light sources catalog.

The results of the experiment showed that in the experimental group the hatchability of eggs was higher than in the control by 5.7%. In the experimental group, the outstripping development of embryos was noted, as a result of which the hatching of young animals started and ended 10 hours earlier.

The indicator of TBC was less in the experimental group than in the control by a factor of 10, and the growth of BGKP was not detected either in the experimental or in the control group.

Thus, the claimed invention allows to increase the hatchability of poultry eggs, reduce the time of young hatching (which in turn allows to reduce the cost per unit of production), improve the quality of young stock by reducing substandard, reduce the complexity of the process and improve the sanitary condition of the workshop as a whole by simultaneous disinfection eggs, air and surfaces of the incubator, including in the hatching zone - the most "dirty" stage, and also improve the ecology of the microclimate in the premises of the hatchery and will ensure process safety due to the possibility of working without disconnecting disinfection system.

Claims (4)

1. A method of stimulating embryonic and early postembryonic development of young birds, including UV irradiation of eggs, characterized in that UV irradiation of eggs is carried out during the entire period of incubation and hatching of young animals by using a closed type bactericidal irradiator-recirculator. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed type bactericidal irradiator-recirculator is installed in the incubator zone free from other equipment. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that before installing the closed type bactericidal irradiator-recirculator, the bactericidal flow power is calculated according to the formula

and the number of lamps - according to the formula

where Ф _БК - bactericidal flux power (W); V is the volume of the disinfected medium (m ³ ); N _v - volumetric bactericidal dose (normalized parameter),

t is the operating time of the irradiator, for which a given level of bactericidal effectiveness of 1 BC (hour) should be achieved; To _f - coefficient of use of bactericidal lamps (experimental); 3600 - conversion rate of hours per second; F _BKL - the power of the bactericidal flow of one lamp, (W); N is the number of lamps. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that use of ozone-free bactericidal lamps.