CN103782947B - A kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium - Google Patents
A kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782947B CN103782947B CN201410038762.0A CN201410038762A CN103782947B CN 103782947 B CN103782947 B CN 103782947B CN 201410038762 A CN201410038762 A CN 201410038762A CN 103782947 B CN103782947 B CN 103782947B
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- aquarium
- quartz ampoule
- water
- uviol lamp
- shell
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000248484 Ichthyophthirius Species 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010824 fish disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000030194 mouth disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 with sucker Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of culture of ornamental fish aquarium, comprise aquarium, filter tank, the end, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, water circulating pump, outlet pipe, upper hose, downcomer, filter and heater; Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus comprises shell, quartz ampoule, uviol lamp and power line; The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: uviol lamp is installed in the quartz ampoule in circulating water line by (1) this invention, the sterilization of water body whole process can be realized, make sterilization more comprehensively, there is no missed areas.(2) sterilization is apart from short, and bactericidal effect is good, and bacterium kill ratio is 100%.(3) water circulating pump and uviol lamp separately, can realize independent control.(4) lighttight outer wall can effectively prevent ultraviolet to the injury of human eye and skin.(5) this sterilizing unit and aquarium integrative installation technology, sell simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural method and the equipment of pet fish, particularly a kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium.
Background technology
In recent years, along with people are to the raising of environmental quality, quality of life, culture of ornamental fish fan gets more and more; Along with the application of more new and high technologies, the cultivation of more pet fish kinds, China's culture of ornamental fish industry obtains rapid and healthy.Annual spring, summer are pathogene microorganism multiple seasons of the indoor aquarium culture of ornamental fish, fish just can be caused sick or dead once deal with improperly.The more common fish disease caused by bacterium and Mycophyta pathogenic microorganism mainly contains: bacterial spoilage disease, fin rot, gill disease, rotten mouth disease, scales upright, water mo(u)ld disease, ichthyophthirius etc., therefore, not only will carry out the oxygenation of aquarium summer, good sterilizing measure is also necessary.In elimination pathogenic microorganism affects, the effect of ultraviolet sterilization equipment is given prominence to.As green non-pollution disinfection way, it can not only prevent the intrusion of pathogene, to biological ovum sterilization, aquaculture water sterilization, facility sterilization, and has certain purification function to water quality; Its not only safe and reliable, environmental protection noresidue, non-secondary pollution, with low cost; Also can save various disinfectant, antibiotic, minimizing quantity of exchanged water, and durable in use, thus greatly can save the aquaculture cost of fancy fishes.
Ultraviolet sterilization equipment at present for the aquarium culture of ornamental fish is generally divided into two large classes.The first kind is submerged type ultraviolet germicidal lamp, simply uviol lamp is enclosed within quartz ampoule, with sucker, quartz ampoule is fixed on aquarium tank wall bottom, such bactericidal lamp is convenient for production, with low cost, ultraviolet can to shine directly in aquarium in water body, but its best sterilization distance of light produced due to uviol lamp is within 20mm, if exceed this scope, its sterilizing ability then increases with distance and successively decreases.Therefore, this submerged type uviol lamp only plays bactericidal action to its surrounding water, and effectively cannot extend to whole aquarium, and in addition, it needs the plug-in electronic equipment such as ballast and starter, affects the attractive in appearance of aquarium; The ultraviolet of its radiation can shine directly on fish body simultaneously, also can pass through the outside that aquarium tank wall shines directly into aquarium, thus produces harm to fish body and human body.Equations of The Second Kind is the new ultra-violet sterilization pump integrating circulating filtration water pump and ultraviolet germicidal, there is volume little, good looking appearance, easy to use, simple feature is installed, due to this ultraviolet-sterilization pump by sucker suction in aquarium, one end of water pump intakes after filtering, the space of current through being equipped with between the quartz socket tube of uviol lamp and outer tube, flow out from the other end again, form circulating of closer distance, therefore this sterilizing unit can only keep fraction waters to be sterilized by ultraviolet lamp sterilization, and it is poor to the bactericidal effect of water body whole in the aquarium of larger capacity, water circulating pump and UV bactericidal lamp concentrate on one, regardless of fault of water pump or bactericidal lamp fault, this equipment does not all have bactericidal action, virtually add the fault rate of equipment.
In a word, above two kinds of conventional sterilizing device for aquarium, its bactericidal range is less, only to its surrounding water, there is bactericidal action, and effectively cannot extend to whole aquarium, therefore the bactericidal effect used at present is really limited, really needs to improve, and improves ultraviolet sterilization device to the bactericidal effect of water body in aquarium.
Retrieving " a kind of sterilizing device for aquarium (patent No.: 200920058960.8) " is in the flow process by water in water tank, because the fan blade of the flow driving generator of water in pipeline rotates, thus be ultraviolet LED or lamp statements based on collusion electricity, without the need to external power supply, therefore the object of energy saving can be accomplished, carry out sterilization by ultraviolet LED, bactericidal effect is good, can improve the water environment in water tank preferably.But this sterilizing unit can not automatic cut-off power, as long as current are in flow regime, ultraviolet LED is just in running order, " supports water " or when newly adding nitrifier, be unfavorable for EM bacterium amount reproduction at new aquarium.Namely so-called " supporting water " also cultivate EM bacterium amount reproduction in water body, for organic matter and the ammonia nitrogen of fish discharge in water body of degrading, thus water body is purified.Because LED is always in running order, when water circulation, the bacterium in aquarium is all killed by LED, and therefore EM bacterium almost can not survive in water body, and they can not be attached on filter cotton in the short time.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of culture of ornamental fish aquarium, comprises aquarium, filter tank, the end, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, water circulating pump, outlet pipe, upper hose, downcomer, filter and heater;
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus is fixed on an angle of described aquarium; Described water circulating pump is arranged in filter tank, the described end; Lower end and the described water circulating pump of described upper hose are connected, and the lower end of upper end and described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus is connected; The lower end of described downcomer is connected with described filter, and upper end is connected with the lower end of described outlet pipe; Described heater is arranged in filter tank, the described end; Described filter is arranged in filter tank, the described end;
Filtering material in described filter is filter pulp, magnet ring, bacterium room or activated carbon;
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus comprises shell, quartz ampoule, uviol lamp and power line;
The lower ending opening of described shell is also connected with the upper end of described upper hose; Described quartz ampoule upper end open lower end closed; Described quartz ampoule is placed in the center of the inside of described shell, and the upper end detachable connection of the upper end of described quartz ampoule and described shell; Described uviol lamp is placed in the inside of described quartz ampoule; The upper end wall of described shell is provided with delivery port; The upper end of described quartz ampoule is sealed by inner cap; The upper end of described shell is sealed by outer upper shield; Described power line is connected with uviol lamp with outer upper shield through inner cap; The junction of described power line and inner cap and outer upper shield seals;
Described shell is light tight shell;
The thickness of the wall of described quartz ampoule is 1mm;
The inwall of described shell is 20mm to the horizontal range of the outer wall of described quartz ampoule;
The power of described uviol lamp is: 8-40W.
When ON cycle water pump, the inwall of described shell to described quartz ampoule outer wall between cavity in water flow velocity be: 0.2-1.5m/s.
A kind of culture of ornamental fish method, use culture of ornamental fish aquarium as above during cultivation, described culture of ornamental fish aquarium comprises aquarium, filter tank, the end, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus, water circulating pump, outlet pipe, upper hose, downcomer, filter and heater; Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus comprises shell, quartz ampoule, uviol lamp and power line;
Concrete cultivation step is as follows:
1) pour water into by aquarium, ON cycle water pump and heater, run 7 days, thus make water temperature constant simultaneously, and in water, harmful substance is decomposed;
2) cultivated animals is put into aquarium, add nitrifier simultaneously, water circulating pump continues circulation;
3) 8-10 days after cultivated animals puts into aquarium, opens uviol lamp, runs and close uviol lamp after 3-6 hour;
4) within after every three days, open a uviol lamp, run 3-6 hour.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) uviol lamp is installed in the quartz ampoule in circulating water line by this invention, can realize the sterilization of water body whole process, make sterilization more comprehensively, do not have missed areas.
(2) water in aquarium promotes through water circulating pump and enters ultraviolet sterilization device, and current are through the annular channel be made up of quartz ampoule and sterilizing unit inwall, and sterilization is apart from short, and bactericidal effect is good, and bacterium kill ratio is 100%.
(3) this invention separates water circulating pump and uviol lamp, independent control can be realized, sterilizer adopts intermittent duty, greatly extends the service life of bactericidal lamp, opens once with every 3 days, once run 5 hours, uviol lamp work is calculated for 10000 hours, with 16.5, can realize water circulating pump simultaneously and run in theory, uviol lamp is closed, and is specially adapted to the cultivation stage that new aquarium " is supported water " and added after nitrifying bacteria.
(4) lighttight outer wall can effectively prevent ultraviolet to the injury of human eye and skin.
(5) this sterilizing unit and aquarium integrative installation technology, sell simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention has following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of culture of ornamental fish aquarium of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of culture of ornamental fish aquarium of the present invention, comprises aquarium 1, filter tank, the end 2, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3, water circulating pump 4, outlet pipe 5, upper hose 6, downcomer 7, filter 8 and heater 9;
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3 is fixed on an angle of described aquarium 1; Described water circulating pump 4 is arranged in filter tank, the described end 2; Lower end and the described water circulating pump 4 of described upper hose 6 are connected, and the lower end of upper end and described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3 is connected; The lower end of described downcomer 7 is connected with described filter 8, and upper end is connected with the lower end of described outlet pipe 5; Described heater 9 is arranged in filter tank, the described end 2; Described filter 8 is arranged in filter tank, the described end 2;
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3 comprises shell 3-1, quartz ampoule 3-2, uviol lamp 3-3 and power line 3-4;
The lower ending opening of described shell 3-1 is also connected with the upper end of described upper hose 6; Described quartz ampoule 3-2 upper end open lower end closed; Described quartz ampoule 3-2 is placed in the center of the inside of described shell 3-1, and the upper end detachable connection of the upper end of described quartz ampoule 3-2 and described shell 3-1; Described uviol lamp 3-3 is placed in the inside of described quartz ampoule 3-2; The upper end wall of described shell 3-1 is provided with delivery port 3-7; The upper end of described quartz ampoule 3-2 is sealed by inner cap 3-5; The upper end of described shell 3-1 is sealed by outer upper shield 3-6; Described power line 3-4 is connected with uviol lamp 3-3 with outer upper shield 3-6 through inner cap 3-5; The junction of described power line 3-4 and inner cap 3-5 and outer upper shield 3-6 seals;
Described shell 3-1 is light tight shell;
The thickness of the wall of described quartz ampoule 3-2 is 1mm;
The inwall of described shell 3-1 is 20mm to the horizontal range of the outer wall of described quartz ampoule 3-2;
The power of described uviol lamp 3-3 is: 8-40W.
When ON cycle water pump 4, the inwall of described shell 3-1 to described quartz ampoule 3-2 outer wall between cavity in water flow velocity be: 0.2-1.5m/s.
Embodiment 2
A kind of culture of ornamental fish method, use the culture of ornamental fish aquarium described in embodiment 1 during cultivation, described culture of ornamental fish aquarium comprises aquarium 1, filter tank, the end 2, sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3, water circulating pump 4, outlet pipe 5, upper hose 6, downcomer 7, filter 8 and heater 9; Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus 3 comprises shell 3-1, quartz ampoule 3-2, uviol lamp 3-3 and power line 3-4;
Concrete cultivation step is as follows:
1 pours water into by aquarium 7, and ON cycle water pump 1 and heater 9, run 7 days, thus make water temperature constant simultaneously, and in water, harmful substance is decomposed;
Cultivated animals is put into aquarium 7 by 2, adds nitrifier simultaneously, and water circulating pump 1 continues circulation;
3 8-10 days after cultivated animals puts into aquarium 7, open uviol lamp 4, run and close uviol lamp 4 after 3-6 hour;
Within after 4 every three days, open a uviol lamp 4, run 3-6 hour.
Claims (1)
1. a culture of ornamental fish method, use the following culture of ornamental fish aquarium when it is characterized in that cultivation, described culture of ornamental fish aquarium comprises aquarium (1), filter tank, the end (2), sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus (3), water circulating pump (4), outlet pipe (5), upper hose (6), downcomer (7), filter (8) and heater (9);
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus (3) is fixed on an angle of described aquarium (1); Described water circulating pump (4) is arranged in filter tank, the described end (2); Lower end and the described water circulating pump (4) of described upper hose (6) are connected, and the upper end of described upper hose (6) and the lower end of described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus (3) are connected; The lower end of described downcomer (7) is connected with described filter (8), and the upper end of described downcomer (7) is connected with the lower end of described outlet pipe (5); Described heater (9) is arranged in filter tank, the described end (2); Described filter (8) is arranged in filter tank, the described end (2);
Filtering material in described filter (8) is filter pulp, magnet ring, bacterium room or activated carbon;
Described sterilizing equipment decontaminating apparatus (3) comprises shell (3-1), quartz ampoule (3-2), uviol lamp (3-3) and power line (3-4);
The lower ending opening of described shell (3-1) is also connected with the upper end of described upper hose (6); Described quartz ampoule (3-2) upper end open lower end closed; Described quartz ampoule (3-2) is placed in the center of the inside of described shell (3-1), and the upper end detachable connection of the upper end of described quartz ampoule (3-2) and described shell (3-1); Described uviol lamp (3-3) is placed in the inside of described quartz ampoule (3-2); The upper end wall of described shell (3-1) is provided with delivery port (3-7); The upper end of described quartz ampoule (3-2) is sealed by inner cap (3-5); The upper end of described shell (3-1) is sealed by outer upper shield (3-6); Described power line (3-4) is connected with uviol lamp (3-3) with outer upper shield (3-6) through inner cap (3-5); Described power line (3-4) seals with the junction of inner cap (3-5) and outer upper shield (3-6);
Described shell (3-1) is light tight shell;
The thickness of the wall of described quartz ampoule (3-2) is 1mm;
The inwall of described shell (3-1) is 20mm to the horizontal range of the outer wall of described quartz ampoule (3-2);
The power of described uviol lamp (3-3) is: 8-40W;
When ON cycle water pump (4), the inwall of described shell (3-1) to described quartz ampoule (3-2) outer wall between cavity in water flow velocity be: 0.2-1.5m/s;
Concrete cultivation step is as follows:
1) pour water into by aquarium (1), ON cycle water pump (4) and heater (9), run 7 days, thus make water temperature constant simultaneously, and in water, harmful substance is decomposed;
2) cultivated animals is put into aquarium (1), add nitrifier simultaneously, water circulating pump (4) continues circulation;
3) 8-10 days after cultivated animals puts into aquarium (1), opens uviol lamp (3-3), runs and close uviol lamp (3-3) after 3-6 hour;
4) within after every three days, open a uviol lamp (3-3), run 3-6 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410038762.0A CN103782947B (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | A kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410038762.0A CN103782947B (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | A kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103782947A CN103782947A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
| CN103782947B true CN103782947B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| CN201410038762.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103782947B (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-01-26 | A kind of culture of ornamental fish method and culture of ornamental fish aquarium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2547727A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-08-30 | Gold Standard Phantoms Ltd | Perfusion phantom |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111820177B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-04-05 | 广东早禾田电子科技有限公司 | Aquarium with sterilizing decorative pump |
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| US4151810A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-05-01 | Wiggins Arthur R | Aquarium with improved filter and temperature control system |
| US4861465A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-08-29 | Augustyniak Stanley D | Anti-reverse siphoning water circulating system for aquariums |
| CN2857948Y (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-01-17 | 周海雄 | Bactericidal lamp case for liquid |
| TW200922461A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-01 | Jin-Ping Weng | Aquaculture device |
| CN201499521U (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-06-09 | 刘泓 | Aquatic tank |
-
2014
- 2014-01-26 CN CN201410038762.0A patent/CN103782947B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4151810A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-05-01 | Wiggins Arthur R | Aquarium with improved filter and temperature control system |
| US4861465A (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-08-29 | Augustyniak Stanley D | Anti-reverse siphoning water circulating system for aquariums |
| CN2857948Y (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-01-17 | 周海雄 | Bactericidal lamp case for liquid |
| TW200922461A (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-01 | Jin-Ping Weng | Aquaculture device |
| CN201499521U (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-06-09 | 刘泓 | Aquatic tank |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 占家智 等.开缸养龙鱼的技巧.《淡水观赏鱼饲养金典》.福建科学技术出版社,2011,(第1版), * |
| 水族箱的过滤系统;彭辉;《北京水产》;19981231(第2期);第24页中栏倒数第1-2段，右栏第1-8段及图1-2 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2547727A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-08-30 | Gold Standard Phantoms Ltd | Perfusion phantom |
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| CN103782947A (en) | 2014-05-14 |
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