RU2311945C1 - Centrifugal gas-and-liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for purifying of gas from liquid and mechanical contaminants, may be used in petroleum, gas and power industry, as well as in other branches of industry.

SUBSTANCE: centrifugal gas-and-liquid separator has vertical casing equipped from the bottom with sediment discharge branch pipe, and settling chamber connected with radial drain branch pipe positioned on the underside. Sleeve is concentrically positioned within vertical casing and has inner cavity communicated from beneath with sediment discharge branch pipe. Upper edge of sleeve is equipped with screening plate slightly inclined downward from upper edge of sleeve to casing wall, said screening plate being spaced away along perimeter relative to casing. Partition is positioned within casing, along perimeter with gap between partition and casing wall, and is hermetically connected with axial pipe directly communicated with tangential inlet and equipped from the bottom with funnel having recirculation pipe. Lower part of recirculation pipe is inserted into sleeve, and chamber positioned lower than partition is communicating with axial discharge branch pipe of said pipe telescopically inserted therein with gap between said pipes.

EFFECT: simplified construction, increased efficiency in separation of gas and, accordingly, intensified release and drawing of gas from separator.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for cleaning gas from liquids and solids and can be used in the oil, gas, energy and other industries.

Known hydrocyclone (patent RU No. 2180272, IPC 7 B04C 5/12, 9/00, published in Bulletin No. 7 of 03/10/2002) containing a tangential inlet, a drain pipe for outputting a light product and an unloading fitting for outputting a heavy product while the drain pipe of the hydrocyclone is equipped with a filter element of different porosity, the outer surface of which is provided with a continuous fleecy cylindrical surface formed by needle elements.

The disadvantages of this hydrocyclone are:

firstly, low efficiency of separation of oil well products into light and heavy fractions, which occurs mainly under the influence of centrifugal forces;

secondly, the filter element of different porosity with needle elements, designed to separate the heavy fraction and passing the light fraction in the separation process, becomes clogged and requires cleaning or replacement.

A centrifugal two-stage gas-liquid separator (copyright certificate SU No. 1492522, IPC 7 В01D 45/12, published in Bulletin No. 2 of 01/15/1994), containing a vertical casing separated by a horizontal partition on the upper and lower separation chambers, tangential input divided mixture, located under the partition, an axial pipe connecting the upper and lower chambers, an axial outlet pipe installed with a gap above it, a shielding plate located in the lower chamber under the axial pipe, a recirculation pipe connecting the upper and the lower chamber, while the recirculation pipe is placed along the axis of the housing, one end is connected to the upper chamber through the wall of the axial pipe, and the other is located above the shielding plate with a gap relative to its surface.

The disadvantages of this separator are:

firstly, the complexity of the design, due to the large number of nodes and parts;

secondly, the low efficiency of gas purification, as well as poor suction of gas from a vertical housing into the gas outlet pipe.

An object of the invention is to simplify the design of the separator, as well as improving the efficiency of gas separation and intensification of its suction.

The stated technical problem is solved by a centrifugal gas-liquid separator containing a vertical housing divided by a horizontal partition dividing the housing into chambers, a tangential input of the mixture to be separated, located under the partition, an axial pipe, an axial outlet pipe, a shielding plate located under the axial pipe, a recirculation pipe placed along housing axis below the axial pipe, drain pipe.

New is that the bottom case is additionally equipped with a sludge outlet pipe, a settling chamber with a drain pipe installed radially from the bottom, and a concentric mounted glass, the inner cavity of which is communicated from the bottom with a sludge output pipe, and the upper edges are equipped with a shielding plate made with a slight downward slope from the upper edges of the glass to the walls of the housing, relative to which the shielding plate is installed around the perimeter with a gap, while the partition is installed in the housing along the perimeter with a gap and is hermetically connected to the axial pipe directly connected to the tangential inlet and equipped with a funnel with a recirculation pipe from the bottom, the lower part of the recirculation pipe inserted into the glass, and the chamber located below the partition connected with the axial outlet pipe telescopically inserted into it with a tube gap.

The drawing schematically shows a centrifugal gas-liquid separator.

The centrifugal gas-liquid separator contains a vertical housing 1, divided by a horizontal partition 2, dividing the housing 1 into chambers, a tangential input 3 of the mixture to be separated, located under the partition 2, an axial pipe 4, an axial outlet pipe 5, a shielding plate 6 located under the axial pipe 4, recirculation a pipe 7 located along the axis of the housing 1 below the axial pipe 4, a drain pipe 8.

The housing 1 from the bottom is additionally equipped with a outlet pipe for sludge 9, a settling chamber 10 connected to a drain pipe 8 mounted radially from the bottom. In the housing 1, a cup 11 is concentrically mounted, the inner cavity of which is communicated from below with the outlet pipe of the sediment 9.

The upper edges of the cup 11 are equipped with a shielding plate 6, made with a slight slope down from the upper edges of the cup 11 to the walls of the housing 1, relative to which the shielding plate 6 is installed around the perimeter with a gap 12. The partition 2 is installed in the housing 1 around the perimeter with a gap 13 and is hermetically connected with an axial pipe 4 connected directly with the tangential inlet 3 and equipped with a funnel 14 with a recirculation pipe 7 below.

The partition 2 divides the housing 1 into two chambers: the first chamber 15 inside the axial pipe 4 and the funnel 14, and the second chamber 16 inside the housing 1.

The lower part of the recirculation pipe 7 is inserted into the cup 11, and the chamber 15 is in communication with the axial outlet pipe 5 telescopically inserted into it with a gap 17 of the tube 18.

Centrifugal gas-liquid separator operates as follows.

The gas-liquid mixture (GHS) through the tangential inlet 3 of the separated mixture enters the chamber 15, the pressure in which is equal to the discharge pressure of the GHS in the separator. In the process of operation of the separator, due to the gap 17, an ejection effect takes place in it, while the bottom of the chamber 15 is separated from the chamber 16 by a water seal formed by the recirculation pipe 7 and the cup 11, and therefore, during operation of the separator, the pressure in the chamber 16 is lower than the pressure in the chamber fifteen.

In the chamber 15, thanks to the tangential entry 3, the GHS with rotation drops down, while the angular velocity of rotation of the GHS with its movement down increases, since the flow of the rotating GHS comes out of the axial tube 4 and enters the funnel 14, which has a conical surface, tapering from top to bottom due to which the GHS flow rotates without loss of centrifugal force, in connection with which a larger amount of gas is released.

Due to the action of centrifugal forces during the movement of the rotating stream, liquid droplets in the stream are transferred to the inner walls of the axial pipe 4 and funnel 14, through which they flow down through the recirculation pipe 7 and enter the settling chamber 10.

Chamber 15 is the first stage of gas separation. Gas freed from the liquid in the first separation stage, through the tube 18 enters the axial outlet pipe 5 and is discharged from the separator to a gas collection point (not shown).

GHG, flowing into the settling chamber 10, rises up between the recirculation tube 7 and the cup 11 and falls on the shielding plate 6, made with a slight slope down from the upper edges of the cup 11 to the walls of the housing 1.

On the shielding plate 6 GHS flows down to the walls of the housing 1 and through the gap 12 enters the settling chamber 10 behind the glass 11. A small angle of inclination of the shielding plate 6 to the housing 1 allows for the most intensive gas separation on the shielding plate 6 due to the thin-film flow of the GHS, which ensures the second stage of gas separation.

In the process of operation of the separator in the chamber 16 above the horizontal partition 2, a rarefaction occurs due to the ejector effect in the gap 17.

This leads to a suction upward through the gap 13 of the free gas separated from the GHS during its flow through the shielding plate 6, as well as to the suction of the gas released from the surface of the GHS of the settling chamber 10 through the gaps 12 and 13 to the upper part of the housing 1. When gas is released from the surface GHS in the settling chamber 10 is the third stage of separation.

Gas freed from the liquid in the second and third stages of separation, from the upper part of the housing 1 through the gap 17 enters the axial outlet pipe 5, which is discharged to the gas collection point.

The liquid in the cup 11 of the settling chamber 10, due to gravity, is divided into heavy and light fractions, while the light fractions are discharged from the separator through the drain pipe 8, and the heavy fractions and sludge (dirt, solids) are discharged through the outlet pipe of the sludge 9 .

The proposed centrifugal gas-liquid separator has a simple design, and increasing the efficiency of gas separation is associated with intensification of gas evolution and its suction from the separator.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal gas-liquid separator containing a vertical casing separated by a horizontal baffle dividing the casing into chambers, a tangential input of the mixture to be separated, located beneath the baffle, an axial tube, an axial outlet pipe, a shielding plate located under the axial tube, a recirculation tube placed along the axis of the housing below the axial pipes, characterized in that the casing from the bottom is additionally equipped with a sludge outlet pipe, a settling chamber with a drain pipe mounted radially from the bottom, and concent an otherwise installed cup, the inner cavity of which is communicated from the bottom with a sludge outlet pipe, and the upper edges are equipped with a shielding plate made with a slight slope down from the upper edges of the cup to the walls of the housing, with respect to which the shielding plate is installed around the perimeter with a gap, while the partition is installed in the housing around the perimeter with a gap and hermetically connected to the axial pipe communicated directly with the tangential inlet and equipped with a funnel from the bottom with a recirculation pipe, the lower part of the recirculation pipe is inserted into the glass, and the chamber located below the partition is in communication with the axial outlet pipe telescopically inserted into it with a tube gap.