RU2311934C1 - Apparatus for evacuation of people from high-rise constructions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue service, in particular, equipment for independent evacuation of groups of people, including injured people, from various stages and landings of high-rise constructions in emergency situation.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has cabin fixed on cable, cable lifting winch, electric engine with independent drive, pulling cable connected to winch, stroke restricting devices, control panel connected to electric engine. Apparatus is equipped with horizontal single-rail fixed on bearing members under high-rise construction roof, frame equipped with block and positioned for movement on single-rail by means of bearing and guiding rollers, maneuvering winch mounted within casing single for lifting winch and rigidly fixed on single-rail. Maneuvering winch is connected to frame through maneuvering block secured on end of single-rail opposite to winch casing by means of maneuvering cable. Cabin stroke restricting devices are positioned on cabin roof and made in the form of poles with rollers. In non-operating state, cabin is positioned within shelter space, in ground, near foundation of high-rise construction, its upper part is protected by readily destructed covering. Control panel is connected with winches by means of radio communication. Winches are equipped with pneumatic drive connected through air ducts with compressor located within shelter space.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and enhanced reliability in operation.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of rescue service, and in particular to devices for evacuating people in emergency situations from high-rise buildings such as skyscrapers or high-rise residential buildings.

Known trigger device (AS USSR No. 1297873, A62B 1/20, publ. 23.03.1987, bull. No. 11). The descent means is made of inflatable elastic material, and the descent speed controller consists of a holder with charges of different capacities filled with liquefied gas, a triggering mechanism in the form of needles rigidly fixed in the nozzle opposite the corresponding charges marked with luminous paint. The disadvantage of this device is the narrow scope associated with the inability to evacuate people in an emergency when they are injured, as well as for fear of heights.

A device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings, adopted as a prototype (AS USSR No. 986428, А62В 1/02, publ. 07.01.1983, bull. No. 1). The device comprises a cab mounted on a cable connecting the high-rise building to the shelter, according to the invention, it has an electric winch installed in the cab, an exhaust cable connected to the winch with a travel stop and a life belt, a control panel installed in the shelter, electrically connected to electric motor winch. The disadvantage of this device is the narrow scope associated with the ability to evacuate people from only one site, which is unacceptable when evacuating groups of people from a multi-story residential or office building.

The technical result of the invention is to expand the scope of devices of this type by creating the possibility of independent evacuation of groups of people from different floors and platforms of high-rise buildings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings, comprising a cabin mounted on a cable and placed in a shelter, a winch for raising the cabin, an electric motor connected to the winch, an exhaust cable, travel stops, a control panel connected to the electric motor , according to the invention, it is equipped with a horizontal monorail mounted on supporting elements under the roof of a high-rise structure, a frame with a block mounted to move along the monorail with help shielding bearing and guide rollers, a shunting winch installed in one housing with a winch for lifting the cab, rigidly fixed to the monorail, the shunting winch is connected to the frame through the shunting block, mounted on the end of the monorail opposite the winch housing, with a shunting cable, cabin travel limiters are located on its roof and are made in the form of racks with rollers, while the cabin is inoperatively located in a shelter in a niche in the ground near the foundation of a high-rise structure, and its upper part is protected by korazrushayuschimsya overlap, the controller is connected with winches via radio, wherein winches are provided with pneumatic drive connected to the compressor air ducts located in the recess flat cover, and the motor is configured with an independent drive.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the cabin is equipped with a fire extinguisher.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the cabin is equipped with personal protective equipment.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the cabin is equipped with a first-aid kit.

The application of the invention in comparison with the prototype will expand the scope of devices of this type by creating the possibility of independent evacuation of groups of people from different floors and platforms of high-rise buildings.

A device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a device in a folded state (dashed line) and in working condition, front view, Fig. 2 shows a device in a folded state (dashed line) and in working condition, view on the side, figure 3 shows the node A, enlarged, figure 4 shows the node B, enlarged, figure 5 shows the node C, increase.

The drawings show:

1 - cabin;

2 - exhaust cable mounted on the cab 1;

3 - a room for shelter;

4 - a winch with a pneumatic drive connected by an exhaust cable 2 with a cabin 1;

5 - travel limiters in the form of racks with rollers located on the roof of the cabin 1;

6 - shunting winch with pneumatic drive;

7 - the case of winches 4 and 6, rigidly mounted on a horizontal monorail 8;

8 - horizontal monorail;

9 - load-bearing elements of the monorail 8 installed under the roof 10 of a high-rise structure;

10 - the roof of a tall building;

11 - bearing wall;

12 - window openings;

13 - the foundation of a high-rise structure;

14 - soil;

15 - easily destructible overlap;

16 - shunting cable;

17 - frame;

18 is a block mounted on the frame 17;

19 - bearing rollers;

20 - guide rollers;

21 - rollers of the stroke limiters 5;

22 - a niche for placing a compressor 25 and an autonomous electric motor 24 with a protective door;

23 - shunting block, mounted for rotation in a horizontal plane at the opposite end of the monorail 8 relative to the housing 7 of the winches;

24 - electric motor with autonomous drive, for example diesel;

25 - compressor for supplying compressed air;

26 - ducts.

A device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings comprises a cabin 1 mounted on an exhaust cable 2. An exhaust cable 2 connects the cabin 1 to a winch 4 pneumatically connected to an electric motor 24 through a compressor 25 and air ducts 26. The compressor 25 and the motor 24 with an autonomous drive are electrically connected between themselves and are installed in a niche 22 with a protective door. Winch 4 and shunting winch 6 with pneumatic drives are installed in the housing 7, rigidly mounted on a horizontal monorail 8. Shunting winch 6 is connected to the frame 17 by a shunting cable 16 through a shunting block 23 mounted on the opposite end of the monorail 8 relative to the winch housing 7. Shunting winch 6 connected to the compressor 25 for supplying compressed air through the ducts 26. On the roof of the cabin 1 is firmly fixed stroke limiters 5 with rollers 21, designed to prevent deformation of the frame 17 and the cabin 1 when can perepodeme cab 1. The rollers 21 travel stops 5 are designed for rolling on a horizontal monorail cabin 8 while moving in the horizontal plane. In the idle position, the cabin 1 is placed in the room 3 for shelter. The shelter room 3 is located in the ground 14 in the immediate vicinity of the foundation 13 of the high-rise structure and is fixed in accordance with building codes and rules (the mountings are not conventionally shown in the drawings). Bearing elements 9 of the horizontal monorail 8 are installed under the roof 10 of a high-rise structure on the supporting wall 11 to reduce the impact on the device of meteorological factors. In the inoperative state, the shelter room 3 is protected by an easily collapsible ceiling 15, which, when the device is put into working position, collapses and allows the cabin 1 to freely rise from the shelter 3. The frame 17 is mounted on the monorail 8 with the possibility of moving in the horizontal plane with the help of supporting 19 and guides 20 clips. A block 18 is mounted on the frame 17 for rotation, located between the winch 4 for lifting the cab and the cab 1. A cable 2 is laid through the block 18. To extinguish a possible fire on the cab 1, it is equipped with a fire extinguisher (not shown conventionally in the drawing). For the passage of gassed areas, cabin 1 is equipped with personal protective equipment and a first-aid kit (not conventionally shown in the drawing). The control panel (conventionally not shown in the drawing) is connected to the winches 4 and 6 using radio communication.

A device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings works as follows. Upon receipt of the signal, the dispatcher, emergency worker or rescue worker approaches the shelter room, opens the emergency door of the niche 22, starts the autonomous drive of the engine 24 and, using the remote control (not shown conventionally in the drawings), turns on the winch 4 for raising the cabin by means of a compressed air pump air from the compressor 25 through the air ducts 26. The need to use compressed air on the drive of the winches 4 and 6 is due to the fact that when a house or an industrial building is ignited, it is disconnected from the source s electricity and heat and water. The pneumatic drive of winches 4 and 6 from the point of view of fire safety and explosion safety is the most acceptable. The use of an electric motor 24 with an autonomous drive enables the autonomous operation of the entire device. To improve the reliability of the device, the ducts 26 can be made armored and fireproof. Using a winch 4 and an exhaust cable 2, the cabin 1 through the block 18 rises above the ground 14, destroying the ceiling 15. The rescuer enters the cabin 1 and begins to climb to the required window opening 12 located in the supporting wall 11. If the window opening 12 is outside the zone vertical lift, the lifesaver rises to the stop of the stops 5 in the horizontal monorail 8, after which the horizontal movement of the cabin 1 begins. When the desired opening 12 in the vertical plane is reached, the winch 4 is switched using the remote control board on the descent and lower the cabin 1 to the required level. After that, rescuers enter the cabin 1 through the opening 12 or bring them in, after which the descent of the cabin 1 continues to the ground 14. After that, if necessary, all operations are repeated until all the victims are evacuated from the high-rise structure. After the rescue operation is completed, the cabin 1 is raised to a horizontal monorail 8 and, using a shunting cable 16 and a shunting winch 6, is adjusted to be aligned vertically with the shelter room 3, then it is lowered into the room 3 and covered with a new easily-breaking roof 15.

To increase the stability of the cab 1 in the horizontal plane, it is possible to supply it with additional weight and fasten the exhaust cable using slings. The descent of the cabin 1 takes place at a speed regulated by the relevant regulatory documents and safety rules. To eliminate dangerous conditions, the evacuation manager can use a fire extinguisher, first aid kit or personal protective equipment. The rope capacity of the winch drums 4 and 6 is taken in accordance with the dimensions of the tall structure (width and height). To increase the efficiency of evacuation, it is necessary to periodically arrange training alarms, during which staff will be able to assess the benefits of the proposed device and acquire skills in its use.

The main advantage of the device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings is the possibility of using it to evacuate groups of people with reduced mobility, injuries, as well as for people with a panic fear of heights due to their placement in a limited space. For such groups of people it is impossible to use most of the existing rescue equipment, so this allows you to expand the scope of this type of device. It is possible to combine the proposed device with existing rescue equipment.

The use of a device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings provides the following advantages:

- expanding the scope of devices of this type;

- the possibility of independent evacuation of groups of people from different floors and sites of high-rise buildings;

- the ability to evacuate people during their injury and fear of heights.

Claims (4)

1. A device for evacuating people from high-rise buildings, comprising a cabin mounted on a cable and placed in a shelter, a winch for raising the cabin, an electric motor connected to the winch, an exhaust cable, travel stops, a control panel connected to the electric motor, characterized in that it is equipped with a horizontal monorail mounted on the supporting elements under the roof of a high-rise structure, a frame with a block mounted to move along the monorail with the help of bearing and guide rollers, maneuvers shunting winch installed in one housing with a winch for lifting the cab, rigidly fixed to the monorail, the shunting winch is connected to the frame through the shunting block, mounted on the end of the monorail opposite the winch housing, by a shunting cable, the cabin travel limiters are located on its roof and are made in the form racks with rollers, while the cabin is inoperatively located in a shelter in a niche in the ground near the foundation of a high-rise structure, and its upper part is protected by an easily-breaking roof, the control panel Nia connected with winches via radio, with a winch equipped with a pneumatic actuator connected to a compressor air ducts located in a niche space for shelter, and the motor is provided with an independent drive. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin is equipped with a fire extinguisher. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin is equipped with personal protective equipment. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cabin is equipped with a first-aid kit.

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