RU2303340C1 - Fallow tillage tool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, fallowing cultivators.

SUBSTANCE: fallow tillage tool has tine, general-purpose A-hoe and weed plant stem deforming device. A-hoe is fixed on lower part of tine by means of hoe shank and fastening means. Stem deforming device is positioned on tine so as to be repositioned in tine height and is made from elastically deformed steel sheet formed as skid. Working surface of skid is provided by movement of straight line perpendicular to direction of motion along guiding cissoid of Diocles. Skid is joined with tine through carrier surface. Carrier surface is positioned with its rectangular opening on tine so that it embraces tine and is fixed thereon by means of L-shaped brackets. Skid is additionally fixed with its oval-shaped opening on lower part of tine, said oval-shaped opening being formed in plane of symmetry. Width of skid is greater than width of hoe by 5-10%.

EFFECT: increased efficiency by providing complete undercutting of weed plants and laying vegetative part of weeds onto fallow field surface.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the working bodies of steam cultivators for suppressing weeds of fields allocated to the farming system - "black steam".

A cultivating leg is known in which, to prevent clogging by weeds, the cutting parts are attached directly to the leash, which is inclined and pivotally connected to the frame; one cutting part is shifted forward relative to another; the use of runners attached in front of the paw and serving to adjust the depth of the paw and pressing weeds to the soil (SU, certificate of authorship No. 51466, M. class AB 35/02). Cultivating foot / G.N.Sineokov (USSR). - Application No. 189555; claimed March 17, 1936; publ. 07/31/1937).

The disadvantage of the described working body is the unstable movement of the paw along the depth of cultivation, because paws raise weeds.

Also known is a cultivating leg containing a stand, right- and left-side plane-cutting wings, which are offset one from the other in the longitudinal direction, in which, in order to improve the quality of soil cultivation and reliability in operation, the leg is provided with wings located between its wings and connected to them and with vertical vertical shields with a front face having lower and upper sloping one to another part, while the longitudinal displacement l of the wings of the paw and the height h of the lower part of its flap is determined by the ratio l / h = 2 ÷ 5.3, and the height from the lower part of the flap, respectively, 30–35 mm, and with the smallest height value of the lower part of the flap, the longitudinal displacement of the wings of the paw will be the smallest (SU, copyright certificate No. 1701129 A1, M. class ⁵ A01B 35/22). Cultivating foot / G.I.Ivko, Yu.A. Kolesnikov, BC Novokhatsky, D.Z. Seleznev, V.A. Selivanov (USSR). - Application No. 4792882/15; claimed 12/29/1989; publ. 12/30/1991, bull. No. 48).

The disadvantages of the described cultivator paws during the processing of vapors include clogging the weeds of the stand and the formation of a collapse furrow behind the stand.

In addition to those described, there is known a working member for processing vapors containing a flat-cutting paw having a flap rigidly connected to the rack with a horizontal blade mounted at an acute angle to the direction of movement, and a working plane located at an angle of crushing, in which the flap of a one-sided paw is inclined at an angle 55 ° to the horizontal plane, the height of the inclined flap is more than 4-6 cm, the width of the left section of the inclined flap is equal to the thickness of the paw (RU, patent No. 202649, M. class ⁵ AV 35/02. Working body for processing vapors / V.I. Extinguished n, I.M. Shtafinsky, T. P. Sviridova, V. B. Rykova, A. V. Koptev, V. I. Taranin (RU) - Application No. 4941794/18; filed 03.06.1991; publ. 30.10 .1994, bull. No. 20).

The disadvantages of the described working body include the low quality of the treatment of steam fields: removal of the wet soil layer to the day surface, clogging of the shield by weeds, non-cutting of weed roots, unsatisfactory quality of crumbling of the upper soil layer.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is a universal lancet paw with a shank as a working body for vapor treatment, mounted on the lower part of the loosening chisel rack and fixed by means of fastening (see, for example, the Handbook of the designer of agricultural machines. Ed. Ed. sciences M.I.Kletskina.T2. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1967. 830 p., s. 169, Fig. 34 and p. 178, Fig. 43).

Despite the good crumbling of the soil, the stand of the universal cultivating paw is clogged with weed stems, and the cutting edge of the wings produces an unsatisfactory cut of their roots.

The essence of the claimed invention.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is improving the quality of processing steam fields launched by weeds, preserving the reserves of productive moisture and mineral nutrition.

EFFECT: complete cutting of weed roots and mulching of the upper soil layer of steam fields.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known working body for processing vapors, including the stand and the universal lancet paw, fixed on the bottom of the stand with the shank of the paw and means of attachment, according to the invention, it is equipped with a deformer of the stems of weed vegetation, installed with the possibility of reinstallation along the height of the rack and made of an elastically deformable steel sheet in the form of a skid, the working surface of which is formed by the movement of a straight line perpendicular to the direction d the movement of the rack, along the guide - the Diocles cisoid, described by the equation in a rectangular coordinate system of the form

where a is the cisoid parameter,

the skid by the carrier plane is connected with the stand located in the rectangular hole of the carrier plane and connected with it by L-shaped brackets, while the width of the skid is 5-10% greater than the capture width of the universal lancet paw; the skid through the oval hole is installed with coverage in the lower part of the rack.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the working body for processing vapors with a reformer of weed stalks, installed with the possibility of reinstalling the height of the rack of the universal lancet paw, side view.

Figure 2 is the same plan view (the contour of the weed stalk deformer is shown by dashed lines).

Figure 3 is the same front view.

Figure 4 presents the sweep of the deformer of the stems of weeds: the skid with a bearing plane is made as a single part from an elastically deformable steel sheet.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The working body for processing vapors (see Figs. 1-3) includes a rack 1, a universal lancet (full) paw 2, and a deformer 3 of weed stalks. The universal lancet paw 2 on the bottom of the rack 1 is fixed by the tail 4 of the paw 2 and the fastening means 5.

The deformer 3 of the stems of weedy vegetation is mounted on the rack 1 with the possibility of reinstallation thanks to the holes 6 made with a maternity pitch of 4 cm. The deformer 3 is made of an elastically deformable steel sheet in the form of a runner 7. Material - steel 45 - steel 65 G. Sheet thickness 1, 5 ... 2.0 mm. The working surface of the runner 7 is formed by the movement of a straight line perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack, in the direction of the cisoid of Diocles. The cisoid of Diocles in the decorative coordinate system of the OCU (Fig. 1) is described by an equation of the form

where a is the cisoid parameter.

In the polar coordinate system, the cisoid is described by the equation

where y is the angle of rotation of the beam from the pole O (figure 1), is counted from the polar axis OX.

Rational parametric control of Diocles cisoid in parametric form is provided by the equations

where U = tg y.

The area S of the strip enclosed between the cisoid (snake 7) and its asymptote UAV (field surface that extends to infinity) is finite; it is three times the area of the producing circle centered at point C

The volume of deformable stems of weeds by a snake 7

where bn is the width of the runner 7.

The skid 7 is connected by the carrier plane 8 to the rack 1. The carrier plane 8 is placed on the rack 1 due to the rectangular hole 9 in the carrier plane 8 and the L-shaped bracket 10, 11 and 12.

The bracket 10 is made of a material of the bearing plane 8.

Brackets 11, 12 by contact welding are connected to the bearing plane 8.

The width bn of the runner 7 is 5-10% greater than the working width b (FIG. 2) of the universal lancet foot 2. The runner 7 is mounted with coverage on the bottom of the strut 1 by an oval hole 13 (see FIG. 3). The fastening means 14 and 15 provide the required rigidity of the position of the bearing plane 8 on the rack 1.

The working body for processing technological process vapors by loosening the topsoil and pruning weed roots is performed as follows.

With steady motion, the toe of the universal lancet paw 2 cuts into the soil layer at a depth of a ₁ (Fig. 1). The cutting edges on the wings of the legs 2 cuts the soil layer to a width b (figure 2). The rise of the soil layer up on the wings of the paw 2 leads to deformation of the upper horizon and crumbling of the soil to agronomically valuable fractions. At the same time, a deformer of 3 stems of weed vegetation comes into operation. With a rounded transition of the bearing plane 8 and the runner 7, the stems lean forward. Tilting the stems forward leads to a stress state of the skeletal lateral and vertical roots and filamentous sucking roots. The strained roots are trimmed by the cutting edges of the wings of the lancet paw 2. Stems of weed vegetation are pressed down by the groove 7 to the surface of the steam field and get oriented laying along the direction of movement of the rack 1. The runner 7 of the deformer 3 eliminates the overhang of weeds on the rack 1. This ensures high quality processing of the steam fields.

When changing the depth of cultivation (a ₁ ) and the height of the stems of the weeds, the deformer 3, thanks to the holes 6 on the rack 1, can be shifted to a different position for high-quality execution of the technological process.

Claims (2)

1. The working body for the treatment of vapors, including the rack and the universal lancet paw, fixed on the bottom of the rack with the shank of the paw and fastening means, characterized in that it is equipped with a deformer of weed stalks installed with the possibility of reinstallation along the height of the rack and made of elastically deformable steel sheet in the form of a runner, the working surface of which is formed by the movement of a straight line perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rack, along the guide - the Diocles cisoid, and the carrier runner loskostyu associated with the rack placed in the rectangular opening plane of the carrier and connected thereto L-shaped brackets, wherein the width of the runner 5-10% larger widths universal lancet paws. 2. The working body according to claim 1, characterized in that the skid by means of an oval hole is installed with coverage on the bottom of the rack.

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