RU2299819C1 - Emergency rescue vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: rescue and recovery facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to vehicles used in rescue operations for delivery of equipment and personnel to zone of liquidation of subsequences of emergency situations. Proposed vehicle has box-shaped closed van body, engine, transmission, running gear, and control, signaling, power supply and safety systems. Vehicle is furnished with upper and lower rows of quickly unfoldable working platforms surrounding body from two sides, working platforms with nonslip covering on roof of body and cab and ladders to working platforms. Van body is made of multiple-layer sandwich panels and is provided with habitable and equipment compartments, capacity ratio 1:2, for optimum distribution of volumes of body between compartments, provision of compactness of equipped body, arrangement of maximum number of rescue facilities and maximum convenience at servicing and free access to equipment installed in equipment compartment.

EFFECT: provision of compact vehicle of wide application.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to emergency rescue vehicles (AFM) used during emergency rescue operations (ASR), to vehicles for the delivery of equipment and personnel to the emergency response zone (ES) and can be used in various search and rescue units ( PSF) to solve these problems.

Known machines with additional fixing elements and fastening elements of transported equipment and equipment devices (patents 2006392 C1, B60R 7/00, 1994; A.S. 625955, B60P 7/12, 1978, etc.). However, they did not provide ease of maintenance, and the rigidity of the body of these machines and the nature of the fastening of the equipment inside the body do not allow to effectively deliver the necessary equipment to the emergency zone.

An analogue of the invention is a "Device for securing piece goods on a vehicle", patent 2173642, B60P 7/12, D 45/00; year 2001. It contains longitudinal and transverse beams connected by a locking mechanism, and other elements. However, in terms of the required compactness of the body and ease of use, it does not meet the conditions for the delivery of goods to the area of the ACP. The prototype of the invention is the patent "Device for the elimination of emergency situations", 2205117 B60P 9/00, A62C 27/00, 2003

The aim of the invention is “Rescue vehicle”, containing a box-box closed box body; engine; transmission running gear; control system, alarm, power supply and security, is the optimal distribution of body volumes in compartments; ensuring compactness of the equipped body; placing in it the maximum number of emergency and rescue equipment and creating maximum convenience in servicing the AFM.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that it is equipped with upper and lower rows of quickly opening work platforms surrounding the body on two sides, work platforms with non-slip coating on the roof of the body and cab and stairs to the work platforms, and the wagon body is made of sandwich sandwich -panels and includes inhabited and technical compartments, the volume ratio of which is 1: 2, as well as the fact that emergency and rescue equipment is located on racks, tool holders, sliding pallets, containers in fixed positions nations, with their designations according to a system of four levels: compartment-rack-sector-tier. An example of the proposed AFM is the sample shown in figures 1, 2, 3.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the AFM, figure 2 - equipment AFM, figure 3 - the placement of the ACC.

The basis for this model of the machine is the KAMAZ-43118-1040-13 serial base chassis, which is significantly, radically supplemented in terms of creating and designing a new cabin, cargo compartments, especially in terms of increasing resistance to temperature loads of the body. In addition to nine rescue seats, the car is equipped and equipped with various emergency rescue equipment (ACC) of about 100 items. Moreover, almost every ACC name includes several types or sizes of samples of this type.

The AFM equipment is characterized by the following features: 1) a huge variety of ACC in size, configuration, weight, material, etc .; 2) the small internal space of the body must be very densely filled with ACC, which creates a huge load on the body on the inner surface. To resolve this contradiction and to ensure the capacity and rigidity of the equipped body, which allows you to place the maximum number of different emergency and rescue equipment in it, it is made of a metal frame and a power bearing floor.

The proposed AFM refers to heavy-class vehicles; it is designed to carry out a wide range of work to deal with the consequences of various emergencies in an autonomous mode: general and special intelligence of the emergency area, including chemical contamination and radiation pollution, preparatory work, search and rescue operations, the release of victims and the provision of first aid to them, warning the public about the situation. The range of this AFM from the base is 500 ÷ 600 km. The set of ACS and the nature of the tasks to be solved with the help of this AFM determine the quantitative composition of the group of rescuers delivered to the emergency site (9 people with the driver). Of these, three are located in the cockpit, and 6 people are in the inhabited compartment, which also serves for communication and relaxation of the whole group. For transportation and storage of ACC, a technical compartment is used. It was experimentally established that the ratio of the volumes of habitable and technical compartments for this AFM is 1: 2. With such a ratio of compartment volumes in the inhabited compartment for 6 people, it is possible to provide acceptable conditions for moving and resting; with a smaller habitable compartment, this is extremely difficult or impossible.

The double volume of the technical compartment (for example, 4000 × 2500 × 1820 mm) in relation to the habitable (2000 × 2500 × 1820 mm) allows you to place all the complete number of ACC in it.

The AFM box body includes a technical compartment 1 and a habitable compartment 2 having an entrance door 3 and a window 4. The technical compartment is equipped with side sliding walls 5 and rear 6 doors. On the two sides of the technical compartment are located lower 7 and upper 8 at the level of the roof of the body quick-opening work platforms, based on triangular swivel brackets with locking latches. The lower working platforms are located at the level of the upper edge of the wheels and are equipped with supporting ladders 9. A ladder 10 is used to climb the upper working platforms and the roof, and a working platform 11 with a ladder is provided above the cab, which has anti-slip coating on duralumin sheets. The body roof is also provided with an anti-slip coating. This arrangement of the work sites allows you to effectively maintain all the outer surfaces of the AFM and provides free access to the units and products installed in the technical compartment.

A lighting mast 12 is located between the cabin and the inhabited compartment, and the technical compartment is filled with racks 13 with ACCs placed on them.

The body is equipped with supports rigidly connected to each other and which are elements of placement and fastening on them with the help of quick-detachable brackets, tool holders and clamps of emergency and rescue equipment, different in configuration, weight and volume, taking into account the frequency of their use and sequence of use, and the connection of some supports made with the possibility of changing their dimensions and equipped with clamps, rigidly setting the desired position.

A significant part of the ACC is placed in pallets, drawers, on shelves, while to prevent the ACC from falling out of its “regular” place, to ensure rigidity, compactness and for the convenience of installing the ACC on its transport sockets, the body is equipped with pallets rigidly mounted on power supports and having in some cases, the internal surfaces equidistantly repeating the configuration of emergency rescue equipment placed in them.

From the above description of the AFM, one can see its enormous saturation with emergency and rescue equipment. The contradiction with its small internal volume is resolved due to the following methods: 1) multi-tiered placement of ACC, including under the seats, on the roof, etc .; 2) the placement of ACC on the doors from the inside; 3) the use of lodgements, brackets, pull-out elements, etc .; 4) the distribution of ACC by the volume of AFM, taking into account the priority and frequency of their use; 5) the location of the ACC in a system of four levels: compartment-rack-sector-tier.

On the other hand, with such a saturated equipment creates a large power load on the body. This contradiction is resolved by strengthening the body and increasing its bearing capacity.

ACC is located in the technical compartment according to the following scheme:

Rack Section Tier ACC Technical compartment I one R Device AVM-12 AT Device AVM-12 B Device AVM-12 BUT

Rack I - a rack on the port side.

Rack II - Rack on the starboard side.

Rack III - a rack in the center, at the partition with a inhabited compartment.

Racks I and II are divided into 6 sections, which are numbered in Arabic numerals from 1 to 6. Numbering begins with sections located closer to the inhabited compartment.

Each section is divided into tiers, which are marked with the letters of the Russian alphabet A, B, C, D in the order from bottom to top, etc. This system allows you to address the entire set of ACCs and quickly find any product.

The base of the van consists of a metal frame and a bearing floor. The floor of the living compartment of the van is a sandwich panel made of plywood plates glued together, plywood frame and insulation made of extruded polystyrene foam. The outer surface of the floor is laminated. Inside, the floor is covered with linoleum. The floor of the technical compartment is made of two-layer plywood glued together. Inside, the floor of the technical compartment is covered with Macroplast resin.

The van is made of five-layer sandwich panels with double-sided plastic coating and polystyrene foam filler. The color of the van and the cab is white (snow-white).

The harness of the van and the rear doorway is made of stainless steel. Trim doors and side doorway - aluminum profiles.

The living compartment is designed to transport 6 and rest 4 people. In it along the front wall and along the partition are equipped cabinets for dishes, documents and equipment, and on each side there are two berths. The upper berths go down and are the backs of the lower sofas. Under the sofas are storage boxes, which simultaneously serve as their basis.

The front door to the living compartment is located on the right wall of the van. The door has a dull window. The door is locked with a key lock, equipped with an open door alarm sensor and has a latch in the open position. Under the door there is a folding ladder to enter the compartment, which in the transport position slides into a pencil case installed under the floor of the van.

In the right front corner of the van, under the right sofa, there is a water tank with a capacity of about 50 liters with a pipe brought out (under the floor of the van). A valve is installed on the pipeline when exiting the tank. The pipeline ends for economical water consumption with a washbasin. During movement, the valve must be closed.

Under the right sofa there is also installed an autonomous heater ОН-32Д-24 type with air supply to the residential (70%) and technical (30%) compartments (manual adjustment). The heater control panel is mounted on the wall of the glove box.

The remaining volume of the drawer of the right sofa and the drawer of the left sofa are designed to accommodate bedding and equipment.

On the left side wall there is a window (it is an emergency exit) with a curtain.

A dining table is installed under the window, a double 220 V socket, a 24 V socket, a 12-volt cigarette lighter socket and a wagon-cab intercom are mounted on the wall.

Mounted on the ceiling of the compartment:

- ventilation hatch;

- roof fan;

- ceiling of emergency lighting;

- two lighting fixtures for 24 V;

- one lighting fixture for 220 V.

The light and fan switches are located on the side wall of the left cabinet.

In the technical compartment are:

- medical supplies;

- hydraulic tool; pneumatic tool;

- electric tool;

- means of protection and intelligence;

- fire fighting equipment;

- power and lighting equipment;

- optional equipment.

Entrance to the technical compartment is through a door located on the rear wall of the van. The door is closed by an external roller lock, has a latch in the open position. Under the door there is a folding ladder to enter the compartment, which in the transport position slides into a pencil case installed under the floor of the van. A staircase is fixed to the door to climb to the working platform (gangway). The second staircase is fixed in the aisle between the racks.

On the right and left walls of the technical compartment are the hinged sides, consisting of two horizontal wings, opening up and down. The upper sash opens up, the lower sash opens down and forms a platform. The wing flaps are closed by locking mechanisms and locked with a key.

Mounted on the ceiling of the compartment:

- four 24 V lighting fixtures, of which two (one on each side) for illuminating areas from the sides of the machine;

- six lighting fixtures for 220 V, of which four (two on each side) for lighting areas from the sides of the machine.

Lighting switches are located on the rear wall of the van to the right of the door.

On the rear wall of the van there is a lamp for illumination of the rear ladder (inclusion in the cab) and an exhaust pipe of a gas generator in the casing.

On the front wall of the van, a telescopic mast with a block of spotlights (4 spotlights of 500 W each) is mounted on a special bracket, a 6 m power cable with a plug and a 220 V socket. The spotlight block is protected by a cover. The fuel tank for the heater is fixed to the right.

On the roof of the van, a work platform with a non-slip coating and a fence about 150 mm high was mounted, as well as two folding three-knee ladders and an antenna for a radio station with an anti-field platform. In its rear part there are two blue flashing beacons.

On the front and rear walls of the van mounted stairs to climb the roof.

The deployment of the telescopic mast is carried out by a team of two people. One stands at the winch and starts to rotate the handle clockwise. The other stands aside and makes sure that the mast does not roll. Coagulation is carried out in the reverse order with the same caution, at such a speed that the lowering is carried out within 1.5 ... 2 minutes.

To install the work platform, you must:

- open the locks of the side board, lower it and fix it in the open position with the latch located on the underside of the tool box;

- Unlock the gangways of the gangway, lower it and install the stops by snapping them;

- put the ladder, fix it with a latch.

Collapse the platform in the reverse order. The internal lock of the front door locks the door in the closed position when driving on all types of roads. To open the door from the inside, pull the lever down. To lock the lock from the inside, move the lever to the left by 3-4 mm, lower it and move it to the right. To unlock, move the lever in the reverse order. Outside, the lock is locked with a key.

All the doors of the cabinets of the living compartment and the shelves of the shelves of the technical compartment are equipped with valves, belts and other elements that fix them in the transport position. Before leaving, you must make sure that all items inside the van are locked.

When eliminating the consequences of an emergency, the calculation of the AFM, consisting of nine people, takes part in the work on dismantling the rubble, eliminating communication malfunctions, etc. Technical characteristics and equipment of the machine provide:

- conducting radiation and chemical reconnaissance (measuring the exposure dose rate);

- express assessment of chemical pollution of air, water, bulk materials and soil, vegetables, fruits, determination of the presence of explosive gases;

- warning the public about emergencies, transmitting special light and sound signals, voice commands and messages in a radius of up to 500 m .;

- the organization of radio communications in the VHF band using a mobile radio station for a range of up to 20 km and wearable - up to 3 km;

- evacuation of victims from the centers of destruction, incl. with objects up to 6 m high;

- first aid for victims (up to 50 people, using one medical package);

- lifting of reinforced concrete and steel structures, equipment, tanks and other goods weighing up to 24,000 kg using pneumatic jacks to a height of up to 260 mm;

- stopping leaks in pipelines using pneumatic adhesives;

- deformation, displacement and destruction of power structural elements, snacking of metal rods with a diameter of up to 32 mm;

- cutting steel sheets and metal structures up to 10 mm thick using hydraulic tools;

- expansion of narrow openings in blockages and structures up to 790 mm;

- elimination of local fires.

The AFM is used as follows. With the receipt of a signal (command), an emergency rescue vehicle with the calculation of rescuers decreases to the area of the emergency (natural disasters, industrial, transport and communal accidents of a natural or technogenic nature). To ensure unimpeded and prompt advancement to emergency situations, flashing lights and a signal loud-speaking installation give special light and sound signals and, if necessary, voice commands and messages.

Upon arrival in the emergency area with the help of appropriate instruments, engineering, radiation and chemical reconnaissance (measurement of the exposure dose rate, rapid assessment of chemical pollution of air, water, bulk materials and soil, vegetables, fruits and the determination of the presence of explosive gases) are visually determined, the nature, priority , volumes and conditions of emergency rescue operations.

The installation location is determined and the AFM is prepared for operation. Preparing the AFM for work is to take measures to ensure access to equipment in the car and create optimal conditions for emergency rescue operations.

Open the rear doors of the car. With the help of a protective tape and cones, dangerous areas and places of work are protected.

At night, the place of work is illuminated by floodlights of the lighting complex. The voltage on the spotlights of the lighting complex is supplied from an autonomous gas-electric unit or from an industrial network. For local lighting, special lights are used. Fire extinguishers are used to extinguish local fires.

Depending on the nature of the emergency, the rescue team prepares the appropriate equipment for work.

When performing work in conditions of radioactive or chemical infection, as well as smoke, dust, etc. calculation uses personal protective equipment.

The main task for any type of emergency is to search, evacuate and provide first aid to victims.

Search for people under the rubble is carried out using victim search devices.

When disassembling debris, a hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical emergency rescue and trench tool is used to access and release the injured, which is used to cut, bite or deform steel elements, lift and move reinforced concrete and steel structures, equipment tanks, etc. that interfere evacuation of victims.

Evacuation of victims from the lesion is carried out using a stretcher, and from high objects - using a sliding ladder or a set of high-altitude equipment. To protect the respiratory organs of victims of evacuation from infected, smoked or gassed objects, rescue devices from a set of breathing apparatus, gas masks or respirators with special cartridges (filters) are used.

First aid to victims is usually provided outside the source of destruction using a set of medical devices. Subsequently, the victims are transferred to medical units.

Compared with the rescue vehicles used previously, the proposed machine provides an increase of 15-20% in the performance of ACP and a reduction in the time of preparatory operations. This was achieved due to the compactness of its ACC equipment (specific filling increased by 1.3-1.5 times), increased load capacity by 25-30% due to increased rigidity of the body and the entire frame.

The achieved effect is expressed in additional saved human lives, which cannot be expressed in monetary units. All rescue units of Russia will be equipped with such machines.

Claims (2)

1. Rescue vehicle comprising a box-box closed box body, engine, transmission, undercarriage, alarm, power and safety control systems, characterized in that it is provided with upper and lower rows of rapidly opening work platforms surrounding the body on two sides , work platforms with non-slip coating on the roof of the body and cab and stairs to the mentioned work platforms, and the box body is made of sandwich panels and includes inhabited and technical compartments, co the ratio of volumes of which is 1: 2. 2. The emergency rescue vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency rescue equipment is located on racks, lodges, sliding pallets, containers in fixed positions, with their designations according to a system of four levels: compartment-rack-sector-tier.

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