RU2297402C2 - Mix for manufacturing modified polystyrene-concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of building materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for manufacturing cast-in-place polystyrene-concrete and polystyrene-concrete employed in protecting structures of buildings. Polystyrene-concrete graded according its density as D100 to D500 is composed of: 50.3-73.5% mineral binder, 1.2-6.6% foamed polystyrene aggregate, 0.05-1.2% modifier, and water in balancing amount. In the mix, said foamed polystyrene aggregate can be foamed polystyrene granules having loose density 5-20 kg/m³ and following granulometric composition, vol %/mm: 0-10/10-20, 21-78/5-10, 15-59/2.5-5, 3-34/1.25-2.5, and 0-16/0-1.25; said modifier can be a mixture of foaming agent, reinforcing oligomer, curing accelerator, and plasticizing additive taking in following mass percentages based on the total mass of the mixture: 0.05-0.4, 0-0.15, 0-1.0, 0-1.0; said foaming agent can be surfactant of the type of host-pure, PB-2000, PO-1, "Progress", triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, Morpen, saponified wood resin, or neutralized air-entraining resin, or binary mixtures thereof; said reinforcing oligomer is re-dispersible copolymer powders or aqueous dispersions thereof based on vinyl alcohol, acrylate, styrene, ethylene, versatate, cellulose ethers, or carboxymethylated starch, or binary mixtures thereof; said curing accelerator can be microsilica MB-10-01, liquid glass, sodium sulfate, sodium aluminate, calcium formate, carboxymethylchitosan, or Relaksol; and said plasticizing additive can be S-3, FOK-M, Mighty, or Melment, or mixtures thereof. Foamed polystyrene aggregate can be represented by crushed waste of plate foamed polystyrene heat-retaining material in amount 5-50% of the total volume of aggregate, said crushed waste having been subjected to additional heat treatment and foaming.

EFFECT: increased strength of material, reduced coefficient of heat conductivity, and lowered cost.

4 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for the manufacture of monolithic polystyrene concrete or polystyrene concrete products used in building envelopes.

A known composition for the manufacture of polystyrene concrete mixture (RF patent No. 2150446), including, wt.%: Mineral binder 68-90, polystyrene aggregate 0.7-2.3, fibrous material 1.4-5.2, air-borne additive 0.3 -0.7, a plasticizing additive 0.125-0.55 and water - the rest, moreover, as a polystyrene aggregate it contains a mixture of particles of expanded polystyrene granules of a fraction of 0.04-1.25 mm and / or particles of torn expanded polystyrene of a fraction of 0.04- 1.63 mm with a mass ratio of 1: (8-12).

The closest in technical essence to the proposed mixture for modified polystyrene concrete is a mixture for the manufacture of heat-insulating products (RF patent No. 2169132), which is taken as a prototype.

The mixture includes a composite binder based on activated technogenic waste of aluminosilicate composition, polystyrene foam aggregate, air-entraining and water-reducing additives, and water. The binder as activated technogenic waste contains blast furnace or electrothermophosphorus gravel slag with a specific surface area of 2800-3500 cm ² / g, and / or bauxite sludge, and / or converter gravel slag, ground to a specific surface of 3200-3500 cm ² / g, and has the following composition , wt.%: waste 55-95; cement clinker 0-40; gypsum 0-5; sodium chloride 0-5; powdered C-3 - 0-3.

The mixture as a filler contains polystyrene gravel fraction 0-10 mm bulk density 10-30 kg / m ^{3 the} following grain composition, vol.%: Fractions 5-10 mm 15-30; 2.5-5 mm 20-35; 1.25-2.5 mm 30-40; 0-1.25 mm 20-30; lignopan-B was used as a water-reducing additive in the following ratio in the mixture, wt.%: astringent 53.57-71.56; placeholder 1.73-11.37; air entraining additive 0.06-0.31; water-reducing additive 0.37-0.68; water is the rest.

The disadvantages of the known mixtures are:

- relatively low strength of polystyrene concrete grades in density D200-D500, due to the low activity of the applied composite binder based on activated industrial waste aluminosilicate composition;

- the impossibility of manufacturing low-density polystyrene concrete D100-D150, promising in monolithic construction and the production of heat-efficient boards;

- increased environmental hazard of polystyrene concrete due to the content of the fine fraction of 0-1.25 mm in a volume of 20-30 vol.%.

The objective of the invention is the creation in accordance with the developed All-Russian Research Institute of Reinforced Concrete GOST 51263-99 polystyrene grades of density D100-D500 high strength with a reduced coefficient of thermal conductivity and reducing its cost.

The problem is solved in that the components of the mixture are used in the following ratio, wt.%:

mineral binder 50.3-73.5 polystyrene foam aggregate 1,2-6,6 modifier 0.05-1.2 water rest

In this case, as a polystyrene filler, granules of foamed polystyrene with a bulk density of 5-20 kg / m ^{3 of the} following particle size distribution are used, vol.%:

Fraction Size, mm:

10-20 - 0-10 5-10 - 21-78 2,5-5 - 15-59 1.25-2.5 - 3-34 0-1.25 - 0-16,

and as a modifier, a mixture of a blowing agent, a strengthening oligopolymer, a hardening accelerator and a plasticizing additive is used with a ratio of components of the total mass of polystyrene concrete mixture in%: (0.05-0.4) :( 0-0.15) :( 0-1.15) :( 0-1 , 0) :( 0-1.0).

As polystyrene foam aggregate can be used crushed waste plate polystyrene foam insulation, including subjected to additional foaming, in the amount of 5-50% of the total volume of aggregate.

Surfactants such as hostapur or PB-2000, or PO-1, or "Progress", or a mixture of triethanolamines, or sodium lauryl sulfate, or alkyl benzosulfonic acid, or morpene, or wood saponified resin, or neutralized air-entraining resin, are used as a blowing agent. or their binary mixtures.

Redispersible copolymer powders or their aqueous dispersions based on vinyl alcohol, or acrylate, or styrene, or ethylene, or versatate, or cellulose ethers, or carboxylmethylated starch, or their binary mixtures, are used as a strengthening oligopolymer.

As a hardening accelerator use silica fume MB 10-01 or water glass, or sodium sulfate, or sodium aluminate, or calcium formate, or KMX, or relaxol.

As a plasticizing additive, plasticizer C-3, or FOK-M, or Mighty, or melment, or mixtures thereof are used.

Examples of the implementation of the proposed compositions and physico-technical indicators obtained on the basis of these modified polystyrene concrete are presented in table 1.

Cost indicators of the modified polystyrene concrete, including with a reduced consumption of polystyrene foam aggregate and the use of crushed waste from the stove polystyrene foam insulation are given in table 2.

The use of mixtures of the claimed compositions and expanded polystyrene aggregate of the specified bulk density and fractional composition ensures the production of polystyrene concrete grades of density D100-D500 with a compressive strength of 0.1-3.0 MPa while reducing the cost of finished products by 11-22%.

Table 1 The name of indicators Polystyrene concrete values The claimed compositions Prototypes D100 D250 D500 D250 D500 one 2 3 four 5 6 1. The consumption of materials for 1 m ³ polystyrene concrete: - mineral binder, kg 78 200 420 210 410 - polystyrene foam aggregate, m ³ / kg 1.0 / 6.5 1.0 / 9.0 0.85 / 16.2 1,1 / 11 1.0 / 30 - modifier, kg 0.8 1.85 7.1 1.94 4.5 - water, l 66.1 one hundred 148 110 150 2. The content of materials in the mixture, wt.%: - mineral binder 51.5 64,2 71.0 63.1 68.97 - polystyrene foam aggregate 4.3 2.9 2.75 3.30 5.05 - modifier 0.54 0.6 1,2 0.58 0.74 - water 43.66 32,3 25.05 33.04 25.24 3. Indicators of expanded polystyrene core: - bulk density, kg / m ³ 6.5 9.0 19.0 11.0 30,0 - composition by fractions, vol.%: 10-20 mm 8.0 2,3 - - - 5-10 mm 54.7 46.2 21,2 15-30 2.5-5 mm 30.3 36.6 35.1 20-35 1.25-2.5 mm 6.7 10.3 32,4 30-40 0-1.25 mm 0.3 4.6 11.3 20-30 4. The consumption of the components of the modifier in the mixture, wt.%: - blowing agent 0.32 0.25 0.06 0.20 0,07 - hardening oligopolymer 0.10 - 0.15 - - - hardening accelerator 0.12 1.20 0.90 * * - plasticizing additive - 0.15 0.09 0.39 0.69 5. Indicators of polystyrene concrete: - density, kg / m ³ 105 245 490 250 500 - compressive strength (R ₂₈ ), MPa 0.1 0.68 2.9 0.6 2,3 * In the compositions of the prototypes, the hardening accelerator is a component of the mineral binder.

table 2 The name of indicators Values of polystyrene concrete grade D250 on granular polystyrene foam using crushed waste Prototype 3 (tab. 1) 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 1. Consumption of polystyrene foam aggregate per m ³ mixture, m ³ / kg 1.0 / 9.0 0.7 / 6.3 0.5 / 4.5 1.0 / 9.25 1.0 / 9.0 1.0 / 9.05 1.1 / 11.0 2. The composition of the expanded polystyrene aggregate, vol.% Of the total amount, including: - expanded polystyrene granular one hundred one hundred one hundred 75 75 60 one hundred - crushed - - - 25 - twenty - - crushed refilled - - - - 25 twenty - 3. The content of components in the mixture, wt.% - mineral binder 64,2 65.1 65.3 63.6 64.7 64.6 63.1 - polystyrene foam aggregate 2.9 2.0 1.4 2,8 2.7 2,8 3.3 - modifier 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.58 - water 32,3 32,2 32.6 33,4 32,4 32,3 33.02 4. Indicators of polystyrene concrete: - density, kg / m ³ 245 244 249 256 260 254 250 - compressive strength (R ₂₈ ), MPa 0.68 0.63 0.7 0.54 0.52 0.5 0.6 5. The cost of materials for polystyrene concrete,% 100.0 87.2 78.6 87.8 89.2 83.8 107.0

Specific examples of all possible variants of signs expressed in the formula as an alternative ("or / or") by the type of components of the used complex modifier (see clause 4 of Table 1)

The consumption of modifier components in the mixture, wt.% The claimed compositions for densities, kg / m ³ D100 D250 D500 Blowing agent 0.32 0.25 0.06 SDO + ABSK FROM TO ABSK ABSK START + PB2000 FROM TO START + PRGS HST + LMS TEA + MRI MCI + LMS SDO + TEA LSN Hardening 0.10 0.15 oligopolymer SHEC - MGPTs MOV-ST - MOV-AKR MGPTs + MOB-VS - MHEC + MOV MGPTs + PVA - MHEC + PVA Hardening accelerator 0.12 1,2 0.9 MB10-01 + AN CH + ZhS FCC FCC KMX Radar RLKS + AN FCC + CH FCC + RLS Plasticizing - 0.15 0.09 additive - S-3 FOK-M - Mighty melment - melment Mighty - S-3 + melment FOK-M + Mighty Note: SDO - saponified wood resin; ABSK-alkylbenzene sulfonic acid; START - neutralized air entrainment resin; PB-2000 - foaming agent for foam concrete; PRGS - foaming agent "Progress"; KhST - frother "Hostapur OSB"; TEA - a foaming agent based on a mixture of triethanolamines; МРП - foaming agent "Morpen". MHEC - methylhydroxyethyl cellulose esters; MGPTs - methylhydroxypropyl cellulose esters; MOB - synthetic redispersible copolymer oligopolymers based on styrene (CT), vinyl alcohol (BC) and acrylates (AKP); C-3 - naphthalene-based superplasticizer; Melment is a melamine-based superplasticizer; FOK-M - superplasticizer based on organic synthesis waste; mayti - analogue of S-3; AN - sodium aluminate, FCC - calcium formate, RLKS - relaxol, ZhS - water glass, SN - sodium sulfate.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2150446.

2. RF patent №2169132.

3. GOST 51263-99 "Polystyrene concrete. Technical conditions."

Claims (4)

1. A mixture for the manufacture of modified polystyrene concrete grades of density D100-D500, including a mineral binder, polystyrene foam aggregate, modifier and water, characterized in that the components are used in the following ratio, wt.%: Mineral binder 50.3-73.5 Polystyrene foam aggregate 1,2-6,6 Modifier 0.05-1.2 Water Rest as a polystyrene filler, granules of expanded polystyrene are used with a bulk density of 5-20 kg / m ^{3 of the} following particle size distribution, vol.%: size of fraction, mm: 10-20 0-10 5-10 21-78 2,5-5 15-59 1.25-2.5 3-34 0-1.25 0-16 and as a modifier, a mixture of a blowing agent, a strengthening oligopolymer, a hardening accelerator and a plasticizing additive is used in the ratio of the total mass of the polystyrene concrete mixture in%: (0.05-0.4) :( 0-0.15) :( 0-1, 0) :( 0-1.0). 2. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that as a foaming agent use surfactants such as hostapur, or PB-2000, or PO-1, or Progress, or triethanolamine, or sodium lauryl sulfate, or alkyl benzosulfonic acid, or morpene, or saponified wood resin, or neutralized air entrainment resin, or their binary mixtures; as a strengthening oligopolymer, redispersible copolymer powders or their aqueous dispersions based on vinyl alcohol, or acrylate, or styrene, or ethylene, or versatate, or cellulose ethers, or carboxymethyl starch, or their binary mixtures, are used; as a hardening accelerator, use micro-earth MB 10-01, or water glass, or sodium sulfate, or sodium aluminate, or calcium formate, or KMX, or relaxol, and as a plasticizing additive: C-3, or FOK-M, or Mighty, "or melment, or mixtures thereof. 3. The mixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as the specified polystyrene foam aggregate use crushed waste polystyrene foam insulation in an amount of 5-50% of the total volume of aggregate. 4. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushed waste of the polystyrene foam insulation is used, subjected to additional heat treatment - foaming.