RU2288688C2 - System for taking care of patient in hospital who is in need for long-term immobilization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device has bath and lifting mechanism for transporting patient. The device has soft water-proof envelope splittable in horizontal plane. Its lower part is covered with knitted cotton fabric layer made of voluminous knitting yarn. The patient is placed into it and covered with the same fabric layer having rounded opening in the face zone. The upper part of the envelope having open flared end for giving easy access to patient face and tube on the same side with talocrural zone is covered and it is connected to the system having mechanical exhaust ventilation with flexible hose and sealing zip fastener ALONG external envelope perimeter for connecting envelope parts. The bath is filled with salt solution and has rollers mounted on uprights for stretching strong net fabric with their help.

EFFECT: reduced influence of gravity forces, applied to skin surface, muscles, cardiovascular and respiratory system, caused by patient body weight.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine and can be used in the treatment of patients with burns, pressure sores, severe injuries and in other cases requiring a long stay of patients in bed in a stationary state.

Plastic, inflatable and water-filled mattresses are known which improve the position of the patient during forced immobilization, as they have an orthopedic effect, due to which the patient's spine takes anatomically correct position. These types of mattresses include, for example, Boditone Rond mattresses (Techinfo, 2004). Their disadvantage is the low degree of unloading of the patient’s body surface from the effects of gravity created by the weight of his body.

As a prototype of the invention adopted the bed of the company "Clinitron" (Traumatology and orthopedics. A guide for doctors in 3 volumes. Edited by Yu. G. Shaposhnikov. M .: Medicine, 1997. Volume 1, p.336). In this device, the principle of fluidization using the air flow of glass beads on which the patient is placed is used.

The disadvantage is a partial decrease in the effect of gravity on the patient's body.

The present invention solves the technical problem of multiple compared with the prototype to reduce the effect of gravity created by the patient’s body weight on the surface of the skin, muscle, cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

To achieve the specified technical result, the proposed system includes a soft 2-3-layer waterproof horizontal detachable shell lined from the inside to allow efficient ventilation with two or three layers of knitted cotton fabric from bulk yarn, equipped with an open cone-shaped bell that provides easy access to the patient’s face, with a pipe from the patient’s ankle zone for connection to the mechanical exhaust ventilation system and hermetic lock Ohm type "lightning" on the outer perimeter of the shell to connect its upper and lower parts, designed to immerse the patient using a lifting mechanism in a bath with saline solution having a density that maintains the patient's body in a horizontal or semi-vertical, mid-anatomical position at a depth of 10- 15 cm in the head part to 50-80 cm - in the ankle zone of the patient.

Due to the immersion of the patient, placed in the shell, in saline, the weight of his body is reduced by the weight of the volume displaced by his body, saline. In this case, the remaining part of gravity is evenly distributed over the entire surface of the body, providing complete muscle relaxation due to the mid-physiological position of the body and achieving a zero balance of tension of antagonist muscles. For the patient, the system practically provides a state close to zero gravity. Due to this, relief of myofascial and spastic pains associated with muscle tension occurs, pathologically altered blood circulation in the joints and microcirculation of tissues are restored, and the patient feels physical and psychological comfort.

The proposed system is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-3.

Figure 1 in cross section shows a bath with saline, equipped with rollers of the lifting device, mounted on racks along the long edges of the bath, and stretched over the bath with rollers by a mesh fabric on which the patient is placed.

Designations in figure 1:

1 - bath;

2 - rack rollers of the lifting mechanism;

3 - rollers of the lifting mechanism;

4 - saline solution in the bath;

5 - mesh fabric stretched on the rollers;

6 - figure of the patient;

7 - conical bell in the projection of the patient's face;

8 - the upper part of the waterproof shells;

9 - the lower part of the waterproof shells;

10 - sealed lock type "lightning" connecting the upper and lower parts of the shells.

In Fig.2 the system is shown in section along the length. Designations of positions 1-9 are the same as in figure 1. Position 11 - pipe in the ankle end of the shells for attaching to it a hose of a mechanical exhaust ventilation system.

Figure 3 shows a system with a figure of a patient placed in the shells and immersed in a saline solution located in the bath. Designations of positions 1-11 are the same as in figure 2. Position 12 is the lower inner layer, consisting of a bulk knitted cotton fabric. Position 13 is the upper inner layer, consisting of a bulk knitted cotton fabric.

The system is as follows.

The bath (1) is filled with saline (4). To ensure a horizontal position of the patient’s body, a 2-4 percent solution of sodium chloride is prepared. To ensure a semi-vertical position of the patient’s body, a 1-1.5 percent solution of sodium chloride is prepared. The solution is heated to the patient's body temperature or another temperature recommended by the doctor depending on the patient's condition. Over the bathtub, with the help of rollers (3), mounted on the uprights (2), a strong mesh fabric (5) is pulled onto which the lower part (9) of the waterproof shell is placed and covered with a layer (12) of bulk cotton knitted fabric. Then on the lower part of the shell on the back lay the patient (6), who is covered with the upper layer (13) of the shell, consisting of a three-dimensional knitted cotton fabric and having a rounded neckline in the face. After this, the patient is covered with the upper part (8) of the waterproof shell with a cone-shaped bell (7) welded to it in the face area, made for the convenience of observing the patient from hard transparent plastic, and a pipe (11) in the ankle of the shell connected by a hose to the exhaust ventilation system. The upper and lower parts of the shell (hermetically) are connected around the perimeter of the shell using a lock (10) and, slowly turning the rollers (3), lower the patient in the shell in saline to a depth of 10-15 cm. After that, the bell (7) is fixed to the edges baths to avoid excessive immersion of the patient in the solution and the solution getting inside the shell. The inclusion of exhaust ventilation creates air movement between the waterproof shell and the patient’s body, and thereby removes the moisture absorbed by the cotton cloth from the surface of the patient’s body.

If necessary, according to the patient’s feelings and the decision of the attending physician, the parameters of the density of the saline solution, its temperature, as well as the strength of the air flow in the ventilation system are changed. After a certain time, the patient with the help of rollers (3) is lifted from the solution for the implementation of medical procedures and the sending of natural needs.

Thus, the proposed system allows many times, compared with known methods, to reduce the load on the surface of the body, muscle, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as to obtain a therapeutic effect due to the patient's prolonged stay in conditions almost close to the state of weightlessness.

Claims (1)

The system of hospital care for a patient in need of prolonged immobilization, including a bath and a lifting mechanism for moving the patient, characterized in that it has a soft, waterproof, detachable horizontal plane sheath, the lower part of which is covered with a layer of knitted cotton fabric from knitted bulk yarn and placed in it , which is covered with a layer of the same tissue with a rounded neckline in the face, and then cover the upper part of the shell, equipped with an open bell, provides providing free access to the patient’s face, a pipe from the patient’s ankle zone for connecting it with a flexible hose to the mechanical exhaust ventilation system and a tight zipper lock along the outer perimeter of the shell to connect parts of the shell, and the bath is filled with saline and provided with rollers, mounted on racks, with which they pull a strong mesh fabric.

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