RU2284137C1 - Vegetable, root and fruit washing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processing of agricultural raw material, in particular, machine for washing of harvested fruits.

SUBSTANCE: washing machine has drive, spraying apparatus, rolls arranged on two concentric arcs of the circle and rotating about their axes at different velocities, said rolls being equipped with elastic belt of ridge-shaped profile. Washing machine is further equipped with arcuate rims wherein rolls are positioned for rotation in single direction. Ridge-shaped profiled belt is wound on adjacent rolls at different leading angles. Belt ridges on each roll are disposed opposite slots between ridges of adjacent rolls.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of washing procedure and wider range of agricultural raw materials which may be washed by means of this machine.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of processing agricultural raw materials, namely, machines for washing harvested fruits and can be used in the food, canning, vegetable drying industry and other enterprises processing agricultural raw materials.

Known "Fruit washing machine" according to patent No. 1597159, class. A 23 N 12/02, publ. 10/07/90, bull. No. 37, which contains rolls, an elastic working element in the form of a comb-shaped tape, which has a U-shaped cross section with sidewalls and spirals of different widths.

However, the known analogue does not provide a sufficiently effective washing of agricultural raw materials of a wide range, of various shapes, sizes and densities.

The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a "Machine for washing vegetables and fruits" according to ed. testimonial. No. 443666, cl. A 23 N 13/00, publ. 09/25/74, bull. No. 35, which contains a shower device, a series of rolls placed on two concentric circles, offset, mounted with the possibility of planetary movement of rolls rotating at different speeds, having longitudinal grooves, and U-shaped elastic elements that are placed in the grooves of the rolls.

The disadvantages of the known analogue are the structural and technological complexity of the machine and the increased material and labor intensity of its manufacture.

The technical task of the present invention is to provide a machine with a more advanced design while improving the washing efficiency of a wide range of agricultural raw materials.

The technical problem is solved by a new set of design features inherent in the claimed invention, in which, in addition to a drive, a shower device, rolls located along two concentric arcs of circles and rotating around their axes at different speeds, there are new signs with an elastic band of comb shape, consisting in the fact that the machine is equipped with arcuate clips in which they are mounted to rotate in one direction of the roll, while the comb-shaped tape is installed and (navita) on adjacent rolls at different angles of elevation of the helix, and the ribbon ridges on each roll are installed opposite the depressions between the ribbon ridges of adjacent rolls.

The technical result is provided:

- due to the use of arcuate cages in which the rolls are mounted with the possibility of rotation in one direction, which ensures the structural simplicity of the machine, increasing manufacturability and reducing the material and labor intensity of its manufacture, as well as increasing the reliability of operation and ease of operation;

- due to the fact that the comb-shaped tape is mounted on adjacent rolls at different angles of elevation of the helix, which provides not only uniform, mode movement of the processed agricultural raw materials from the entrance to the exit side of the machine without the use of additional devices and mechanisms, but also simultaneous contact the crests of the tape adjacent rolls with fruits at different angles, in different planes, thereby significantly increasing the effectiveness of the effects of the crests of the tape on the contaminated surface of the fruit at;

- due to the installation of ribbon ridges on each roll opposite to the hollows between the ribbon ridges of adjacent rolls, which allows washing fruits of small sizes, since they prevent pulling between the rollers and discharge outside the working space, in addition, washing efficiency is increased.

The combination of new essential features allows you to create a patented machine for washing vegetables, root crops and fruits with a more advanced design, which ensures the highest washing efficiency for a wide range of agricultural raw materials.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the machine in a perspective view; figure 2 is a series of adjacent spaced rolls with a comb ribbon, front view; figure 3 is the same, a top view; figure 4 and 5 - possible installation (winding) of the comb ribbon on adjacent rolls, front view; Fig.6 is a view A of Fig.2, on an enlarged scale.

The machine for washing vegetables, root crops and fruits includes two arcuate holders 1 and 2 mounted on a frame 3 having two pairs of adjusting screws 4 and 5. Inside the machine there is a shower device 6. In arcuate holders 1 and 2 are installed along two concentric arcs circles with the possibility of rotation in one direction at different speeds a set of adjacent rolls 7 and 8 (in the drawings are conventionally indicated by two positions), at the ends of which their drives are installed, for example, sprockets 9 and 10, respectively connected to a multi 11 howling sprocket gear 12 and the motor 13. The sprocket 11 has Mnogoventsovaya some rims with different numbers of teeth. On the rolls 7 and 8, an elastic band 14 of comb-like shape with ridges 15 and troughs 16 is installed (in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are conventionally indicated by one position). A ridge-shaped tape 14 is mounted (wound) on adjacent rollers 7 and 8 at different angles of elevation of the helix: on the rollers 7 specify the smallest acute angle of elevation of the helical line α, and on adjacent rollers 8 specify the largest acute angle of elevation of the helical line β (Fig. 2). Moreover, depending on the type of raw materials and soil features of the regions, as well as the technological capabilities of the machine, the tape 14 can be wound at an obtuse angle of elevation of the helix α (Fig. 4) or can be wound at an elevation angle close to or equal to zero (Fig. 5), In this embodiment, for example, a set of combed elastic sleeves or a comb hose can also be mounted on the rolls 7. The alternation of the rolls 7 and 8 with wound on them at angles α and β tape 14 is determined by the technological requirements. The ridges 15 of the tape 14 on each roll 7 are installed opposite the corresponding troughs 16 between the ridges 15 of the tape 14 of the adjacent rolls 8 (Fig.6).

The machine operates as follows.

The machine is mounted on frame 3 and, with the help of two pairs of adjusting screws 4 and 5, its slope is adjusted. By setting the number of teeth of the multi-crown sprocket 11 of the gearbox 12, the speed of rotation of the rolls 7 and 8 is adjusted. The motor 13 is turned on, which drives the rolls 7 and 8 through the multi-crown sprocket 11 of the gearbox 12 and sprockets 9 and 10. In this case, the rolls are rotated in one direction . Through the shower device 6, the process water is continuously supplied. Vegetables, root crops or fruits intended for washing are served through the inlet of the machine (indicated by an arrow) into its internal cavity. The fruits fall on an elastic tape 14 with ridges 15, with the help of which the fruits are given continuous progressive movement from the entrance to the exit side of the machine (shown by arrows). As a result of the rotation of the rolls 7 and 8 in one direction with different speeds, the fruits acquire complex rotational and oscillatory movements with simultaneous slight slipping and axial shift along the rolls 7 and 8. When the adjacent rolls rotate, the crests 15 of the tape 14 as a result of its installation on the rolls 7 and 8 come into contact with the surface of the fruit, interact with them at different angles in intersecting planes (FIGS. 2, 4, 5, and 6), thereby increasing the total contact area of fruit processing. By setting the angle α, you can change the speed of movement of the fruit toward the exit of the machine, thereby changing the residence time of the fruit in the machine and its productivity. The ridges 15 of the tape 14, rotating opposite the depressions 16 of the adjacent rolls, exclude the pulling of small fruits into the gap between adjacent rolls 7 and 8 and their release outside the working space of the machine. When the rolls 7 and 8 rotate, the elastic ridges 15 of the tape 14 partially deform upon contact with the fruits, instantly recover, copy and intensively wipe all irregularities and recesses of the fruit surface, freeing the fruits from all kinds of contaminants that are simultaneously and continuously washed off with water. During the washing process, the fruits move continuously in the direction of exit from the machine.

In general, the technological process can significantly increase the effect of washing agricultural raw materials of a wide range.

Declared for patenting, a machine for washing vegetables, root crops and fruits, due to the presence of a combination of new design features and their interconnection in comparison with analogs, provides improved washing quality, reduced material and labor costs of the machine manufacturing, increased operational reliability, ensuring ease of use, as well as ensuring continuous and uniform movement of processed agricultural raw materials from the entrance to the exit side of the machine without the use of additional devices and mechanisms. Thus, the machine for washing vegetables, root crops and fruits is effective in work, perfect in design, new, industrially applicable and patentable.

Claims (1)

A machine for washing vegetables, root crops and fruits, including a drive, a shower unit, rolls located on two concentric arcs of circles and rotating around their axes at different speeds, with an elastic band of comb shape, characterized in that it is equipped with arcuate clips in which are installed with the possibility of rotation in one direction of the rolls, and the comb-shaped ribbon is wound on adjacent rollers at different angles of elevation of the helix, while the ribbon ridges on each roll are opposite n between the crests of adjacent tape rolls.

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