RU2278743C1 - Centrifugal disk sprayer with hydrodynamic and hydrostatic spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: centrifugal disk sprayer comprises rotating disk with radial passages. Several passages are in communication with the cylindrical surface of the disk and ring distributing chamber provided with the ring inlet from the face of the disk and used for supply of the fluid to be sprayed and distributing it over the passages. The remainder passages are in communication with the distributing chamber and nozzles over periphery of the disk face. The nozzles are parallel to the axis of rotation of the disk and point counter to the direction of supply of the fluid to the distributing chamber.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to spraying devices and may find application in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical and other industries for the intensification of heat and mass transfer of phases in the processes of drying, cooling liquids, air conditioning. The disadvantages of the centrifugal atomizers used are the uneven distribution of the dispersed phase in the working space of the apparatus, which causes a decrease in the total volumetric intensity of heat and mass transfer.

For example, in the case of hydrodynamic spraying by rotating disks with radial channels, a flat disk is formed in the form of a disk, in the central part of which the flux density of the sprayed liquid reaches its highest values, and the state of the gas phase approaches saturated, which sharply reduces the intensity of heat and mass transfer of the phases and increases the range of the atomizer . In spray dryers, this leads to an increase in the size of the drying chambers (Lykov MV Drying in the chemical industry. - Chemistry. - M. - 1970, p. 249-250).

The objective of the invention is directed to the intensification of heat and mass transfer in air-sprayed liquid-gas systems by increasing the initial dispersion of the dispersed phase during its formation.

The problem is solved by combining hydrodynamic spraying with hydrostatic by using centrifugal force acting on the sprayed liquid in the radial channels of the rotating disk, communicating with the annular chamber in the middle of the disk with the ring inlet from the end, which serves to distribute the liquid between the channels and supply it to the channels. The channels for hydrodynamic spraying go to the cylindrical surface of the disk, and the channels for hydrostatic spraying alternating with them communicate with nozzles at the periphery of the end face of the disk, parallel to the axis of its rotation in the direction opposite to the fluid supply to the distribution chamber.

Channels for hydrodynamic spraying are also used to drain excess fluid into the annular distribution chamber of the disk.

Figure 1 schematically shows the proposed device.

The spray device comprises a disk 1, an annular channel 2 for supplying liquid, and a chamber 3 for distributing liquid along the radial channels 4 of hydrodynamic spraying, extending to the cylindrical surface of the disk, as well as radial channels 5 and channels 6 connected with them for hydrostatic spraying of the mechanical nozzle 7.

The annular channel includes a feeding tube 8 for supplying fluid.

The disk is mounted on the shaft 9 with a nut 10. The shaft is rotated through a drive that is not shown in the drawing.

The proposed spray operates as follows.

The disk 1 is rotationally driven by a drive that is not shown in the drawing.

Through the feeding tube 8, the liquid enters through the annular channel 2 into the chamber 3, where it is distributed. Part of the liquid through the radial channels 4 goes to the cylindrical surface of the disk and then is dispersed, the other part of the liquid through the channels 5, 6 for hydrostatic spraying by means of a mechanical nozzle 7.

Thus, through the use of multidirectional torches of hydrodynamic and hydrostatic spraying, the overall volumetric intensity of heat and mass transfer increases with a more complete use of the working space of the apparatus.

Figure 2, for example, a spray dryer, shows the shape of the spray torch with hydrodynamic spraying (1) and with the combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic centrifugal spraying of liquid (2) in accordance with the invention.

The hydrostatic pressure, Pa, created in the mechanical nozzle of the spray disk, is calculated depending on its rotation frequency n, rpm, and the radii of the entrance to the channels R ₁ and the output R ₂ (m) of them according to the equation:

P = 0.5ρ (πn / 30) ² (R ₁ ² -R ₂ ² )

For example, at a disk rotation speed of n = 10,000 rpm, R ₁ = 0.06 m; R ₂ = 0.035 m; the calculated pressure of a liquid with a density of 1000 kg / m ³ is 13.01 · 10 ⁵ Pa. Fluid flow and pressure can be changed by changing the diameters of the nozzles.

Thus, the proposed device allows to increase the total volumetric intensity of heat and mass transfer with a more complete use of the working space of the apparatus used.

Claims (1)

A disk sprayer with hydrodynamic and hydrostatic spraying of liquid, consisting of a rotating disk with radial channels, some of which communicate with the cylindrical surface of the disk and an annular distribution chamber having an annular entrance to it from the end surface of the disk, which serves to supply and distribute between the channels of the sprayed liquid, characterized the fact that the remaining channels communicate with the distribution chamber and nozzles on the periphery of the disk end, parallel to the axis of its rotation in side well, the opposite of the fluid supply to the distribution chamber.

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