RU2275292C1 - Method of dressing axially aligned grinding wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises mounting the wheel with a given spaced relation between their faces and setting grinding tools in the space. The grinding tools are made of combs or diamond rollers which are set in rotation forcedly. The working surface of the grinding wheel is provided with interrupted microscopic relief made of alternating circular grooves whose depth exceeds the maximum depth of abrasive layer by a factor of 1.5-2. The diamond combs are staggered over the width of the working surface of the grinding wheel so that the ration of the area of working surface of the grinding disk which is not involved in cutting to the area of the cutting part is 0.25-0.35.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to metal working and can be used in the automotive and bearing industries for automatic dressing of grinding wheels on end surfaces on specialized machine tools with programmed control for double-sided grinding of especially thin-walled parts.

A known method of editing coaxially installed face grinding wheels (see V. M. Sukharev, A. Denisov. Double-sided grinding. Kiev: Technics, 1977, p. 16 and p. 43), including the implementation of editing in several passes, according to which rotating grinding wheels are set with a certain gap between their ends, in which the ruling tools are moved relative to the circles along the circular arc in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel spindle, from the condition of plane-parallel movement of the ruling tools.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method include the fact that in the known method, a macrorelief is formed on the working surfaces of the end grinding wheels, preventing the penetration of the cutting fluid into the grinding zone and the placement of sludge and shavings in the pores of the circle due to the large the contact area of the end surfaces of the circles with the workpiece, which reduces the efficiency of dressing in the bilateral grinding of workpieces with increased requirements for quality ETS surface layer by overheating, microcracks.

The closest method of the same purpose to the claimed invention in terms of features is a method of editing coaxially mounted face grinding wheels (see patent 2184025 C1 of the Russian Federation, MKI 7 V 24 V 53/02. Method of editing coaxially installed face grinding wheels / V.F. Guryanikhin, G .S.Schweitsburg, A.V. Belyaev, A.D. Evstigneev. - 2002. - Bull. No. 18.), Including the formation of an intermittent macro-relief on the working surface of coaxially mounted end grinding wheels in the form of alternating circular grooves, according to which the rotating grinding circles set with a certain gap between their ends, in which are the ruling tools adopted for the prototype.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method adopted for the prototype include the fact that in the known method, intermittent macro-relief on the working surfaces of the end grinding wheels is formed by turning it in several passes, thereby increasing the editing time, which reduces the efficiency of editing by double-sided grinding operations.

The invention consists in the following. In order to increase the productivity of dressing and expand its technological capabilities when dressing, the formation of an intermittent macrorelief on the working surfaces of grinding wheels is carried out by copying the profile of diamond combs or a diamond roller with forced rotation onto them.

The technical result is an increase in processing productivity and the quality of the surface layer of polished parts, and also eliminates the need for special intermittent grinding wheels for double-sided grinding of workpieces.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known method of dressing coaxially mounted end grinding wheels, including the installation of rotating grinding wheels with a certain gap between their ends, in which the ruling tools are located, and forming an intermittent macro-relief on the working surface of the grinding wheels, the feature is that as the ruling tools use diamond combs or having forced rotation of the diamond rollers, and breaks a macro-relief on the working surface of grinding wheels is formed in the form of alternating circular grooves 1.5–2 times deeper than the depth of the abrasive layer removed during dressing by copying the profile of the cutting tools while cutting the grinding wheels in mortise, while using diamond combs set across the entire width of the working surface of the grinding wheel in a checkerboard pattern and selected from the conditions for the ratio of the area of the non-cutting part of the working surface of the grinding wheel to the plane spare the cutting part of 0.25-0.35.

There is a causal relationship between the distinguishing features and the above technical result, which consists in reducing the dressing time through the use of mortise feed circles on the ruling diamond combs, with a pre-formed profile, or on a diamond roller having a forced rotation, and the ratio of the area of the non-cutting part of the working surface circle to the area of its cutting part is 0.25-0.35.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information, and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find a source characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The definition from the list of identified analogues of the prototype, as the closest in the set of essential features of the analogue, made it possible to establish a set of essential distinguishing features in relation to the technical result perceived by the applicant in the claimed method set forth in the claims.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "Novelty."

To verify the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition "Inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify signs that match the distinctive features of the claimed method from the prototype. The search results showed that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly from the prior art for the specialist, since the influence of the transformations provided for by the essential features of the claimed invention is not revealed from the prior art determined by the applicant to achieve a technical result. In particular, the claimed invention does not provide for the following transformations:

- addition of a known product by any known part (s) attached to it (by) according to known rules, in order to achieve a technical result in respect of which the effect of such an addition is established;

- replacement of any part (s) of a known product with another known part to achieve a technical result, in respect of which the influence of such a replacement is established;

- the exclusion of any part (element, action) of the product with the simultaneous exclusion of its function and the achievement of the usual result for such exclusion (simplification, reduction of mass, dimensions, material consumption, increased reliability, reduced process time, etc.);

- an increase in the number of elements of the same type, actions to enhance the technical result, due to the presence in the tool of just such elements, actions;

- the implementation of a known tool or part (s) of a known material to achieve a technical result due to the known properties of this material;

- the creation of a tool consisting of known parts, the choice of which and the relationship between them are based on known rules, recommendations, and the technical result achieved in this case is due only to the known properties of the parts of this tool and the relationships between them.

The described invention is not based on a change in a quantitative characteristic (s), the presentation of such signs in relationship or a change in its form. This refers to the case when the fact of the influence of each of the indicated features on the technical result is known, and new values of these features or their relationship could be obtained on the basis of known dependencies and patterns.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "Inventive step".

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the invention to obtain the above technical result: figure 1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method; figure 2 is a view And the end face and the dressing mechanism in figure 1 (version with diamond combs); figure 3 is a section bB of the macrorelief of the end face of the grinding wheel in figure 2; in Fig. 4 is a view A of the end grinding wheel and the dressing mechanism in Fig. 1 (version with a diamond roller).

The method of editing coaxially installed end grinding wheels is carried out according to the scheme shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Rotating end grinding wheels 3 and 4, rigidly fixed on the faceplates 1 and 2, located on the left 5 and right 6 spindles of the grinding headstock of the end grinding machine, are installed using the axial ( transverse) feed V _{s of} grinding wheels with a certain clearance A between the ends of the circles 3 and 4. Profile diamond combs 7, 8 and 9, located in a checkerboard pattern to ensure that the entire width of the working surface of the wheel overlaps and fixed in the holder 10 on the lever 11 of the dressing mechanism 12, bring to the position of editing. When the diamond combs 7, 8 and 9 arrive at the dressing position, the limit switches are actuated and the lever 11 of the dressing mechanism 12 stops moving, after which the rotating grinding wheels 3 and 4 carry out a mortise feed to the depth h of the abrasive layer to be removed during dressing.

During the dressing of grinding wheels 3 and 4, the supply of blanks to the grinding zone is stopped, the dressing mechanism 12 is turned on, and the lever 11 starts moving to the dressing position (Fig. 2). The movement of the lever 11 is limited by limit switches (not shown in the drawing).

To carry out the removal of the abrasive from the working surface of the end grinding wheels 3 and 4, the axial feed V _{s of the} grinding headstock is carried out to a depth h (Fig. 1) of the abrasive layer to be removed, and circular grooves of width B ₁ and protrusions of an intermittent macrorelief of width B _{2 are formed} (Fig. 3) provide copying the profile of diamond combs installed across the entire width of the working surfaces of the circles. The profile of diamond dies 7, 8 and 9 is selected so that the ratio of the area of the non-cutting part of the working surface of the circle to the area of its cutting part is 0.25-0.35.

The profile is formed on the working surfaces of grinding wheels 3 and 4 when dressing with a diamond roller 13, fixed with a fork 14 on the lever 11 (Fig. 4), by its forced rotation with a speed V _p (the roller rotation drive is not shown in the drawing), while axial feed V _{s of} grinding wheels 3 and 4.

Nursing is carried out at the end of the dressing stroke in the absence of axial feed of grinding wheels. The depth of the hollow of the circular groove Δh (Fig. 3), depending on the volume of the metal being removed when grinding the workpieces, is set 1.5-2 times greater than the depth of the abrasive layer h removed during dressing.

Depending on the volume of material being removed and the uniform removal of the allowance when grinding the workpieces, and therefore the heat intensity of the grinding process, the proposed method allows you to adjust the dressing cycle and form an intermittent macro-relief on the working surface of the end grinding wheels, independently for each grinding wheel, in the form of alternating circular grooves of the required shape providing increased processing productivity and eliminating the need for special intermittents for this purpose grinding wheels.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed invention:

- a tool embodying the claimed method in its implementation, is intended for use in industry, namely in the automotive and bearing industries for the automatic dressing of grinding wheels on end surfaces on specialized machine tools with programmed control for double-sided grinding of especially thin-walled parts;

- for the claimed method in the form described in the independent clause of the claims, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods described in the application or known prior to the priority date is confirmed.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "Industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

A method for editing coaxially mounted end grinding wheels, including installing rotating grinding wheels with a certain gap between their ends, in which the ruling tools are located, and forming intermittent macro-relief on the working surface of the grinding wheels, characterized in that diamond combs or having forced rotation are used as ruling tools diamond rollers, and intermittent macro-relief on the working surface of grinding wheels is formed in the form of alternating circular channels wok depth, 1.5-2 times greater than the depth of the layer of abrasive that is removed when dressing, by copying the profile of the ruling tools while cutting the grinding wheels in mortise, while using diamond combs they are set across the entire width of the working surface of the grinding wheel in a checkerboard pattern and selected from the conditions for fulfilling the ratio of the area of the non-cutting part of the working surface of the grinding wheel to the area of its cutting part, comprising 0.25-0.35.

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