RU2273448C2 - Cigarette and cigarette filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cigarette industry.

SUBSTANCE: basic amino acid or salt of basic amino acid is added into cigarette or cigarette filter. It is desirable that basic amino acid or salt of basic amino acid be added in an amount of at least 1 mg/cigarette. It is also desirable that basic amino acid or salt of basic amino acid be added to cigarette or cigarette filter in the form of aqueous solution. Also, surfactant may be added to cigarette or cigarette filter in conjunction with basic amino acid or salt of basic amino acid.

EFFECT: effective reduction of aldehyde content in cigarette smoke of main flow allowing cigarette taste not to be deteriorated.

6 cl, 3 dwg, 7 tbl, 7 ex

Description

The present invention relates to a cigarette with a low content of aldehydes in the smoke of the main stream and to a cigarette filter, which allows to reduce the content of aldehydes in the smoke of the main stream.

Various chemical components are contained in mainstream smoke, i.e. in smoke inhaled by a smoker while smoking a cigarette. Among these chemical components are aldehydes, in particular formaldehyde, which are difficult to remove by adsorption with a conventional cigarette filter. Therefore, it is desirable to remove the aldehydes from the mainstream cigarette smoke.

In the past, attempts have been made to use various additives in cigarette filters to remove adsorption of aldehydes contained in mainstream cigarette smoke. However, the use of known additives causes problems. For example, the taste of a cigarette worsens.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cigarette and a cigarette filter that can effectively reduce the aldehyde content of mainstream cigarette smoke, and which can also suppress harmful effects such as a deterioration in the taste of the cigarette.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cigarette comprising a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cigarette filter comprising a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid.

According to the invention, a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid is preferably contained in an amount of at least 1 mg / cigarette. Preferably, the basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid is added to the cigarette or cigarette filter in the form of an aqueous solution. It is also preferred that the cigarette or cigarette filter of the invention further comprises a surfactant.

Figure 1 schematically shows the design of a device for measuring the amount of formaldehyde contained in cigarette smoke of the main stream, which was used in the implementation of examples of the present invention.

Figure 2 presents a view in cross section of the design of the cigarette used in the implementation of examples of the present invention;

figure 3 presents a view in section of the design of the cigarette filter used in the implementation of another example of the present invention.

As a result of extensive studies of various ways to reduce the aldehyde content of mainstream cigarette smoke, the inventors have found that a basic amino acid or a basic amino acid salt effectively reduces the aldehyde content of mainstream cigarette smoke. A basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid includes, for example, arginine, arginine salt, lysine, lysine salt, histidine, histidine salt, ornithine, ornithine salt, citrulline, citrulline salt, hydroxyzine and hydroxyzine salt. In particular, arginine and its salt are approved for use as food additives.

The present invention does not limit the portion of the cigarette to which the basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid is added. For example, a basic amino acid or a basic salt of an amino acid can be added to any chopped tobacco, cigarette wrapper and filter.

The cigarette filter of the invention may be a filter mounted on the respirable side of the tobacco portion of a cigarette, or may be a filter in the form of a cigarette holder.

In a cigarette or cigarette filter of the invention, a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid is contained in an amount of at least 1 mg / cigarette. If the amount of the basic amino acid or salt of the basic amino acid is less than the above amount, it is difficult to achieve a sufficient effect of reducing the aldehyde content in cigarette smoke of the main stream.

If a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid is used in the presence of water, the effect of reducing the aldehyde content of the mainstream cigarette smoke may be increased.

The effect of reducing the aldehyde content in cigarette smoke can also be enhanced when the basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid is used together with a surfactant. It is understood that an aqueous solution containing a surfactant and a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid has improved wettability, providing sufficient dispersion of the basic amino acid or salt of the basic amino acid, as a result of which the aldehyde content in the mainstream cigarette smoke is reduced. The surfactant used in the present invention includes ionic surfactants such as potassium sorbate, sodium oleate and sodium laurate, and nonionic surfactants such as sucrose laurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose palmitate and sucrose stearate, although the surfactant used in the invention is not limited to the above examples.

Examples

In the method for determining the aldehyde content in mainstream cigarette smoke used in the following examples, the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivative (DNPH), a trap substance, was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Substances whose contents can be determined simultaneously by this method include eight components, including formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone and n-butylaldehyde. The following examples relate to the determination of formaldehyde among other aldehydes (carbonyl compounds), the content of which was measured.

In the first stage, a solution of a trap was prepared by dissolving 9.51 g of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) in 1 L of acetonitrile, followed by the addition of 5.6 ml of 60% perchloric acid and further diluting the resulting solution with ultrapure water to 2 L.

The design of the measuring device is explained with reference to figure 1. As shown in the drawing, a solution of a trap substance DNFG 12 was placed in the trap 11 Drexel (Drechsel). Trap 11 Drexel had an internal volume of 250 ml, the amount of DNPH solution - 100 ml, unused volume - 150 ml. The Drexel trap 11 was placed in an ice water bath 13 to cool the trap 11. The lower end of the glass tube 14, into the upper part of which a cigarette 1 was inserted, was placed in the solution 12, which was in the trap 11. Then the glass tube 15, equipped with attached The Cambridge gasket 16 was installed in communication with the unused volume of the Drexel trap 11, and the smoking machine 17 was connected to the gasket 16.

Cigarette 1 was connected to glass tube 14 so as to automatically smoke cigarette 1 under smoking conditions according to ISO standards. In particular, the operation of suctioning 35 ml of smoke in one puff for two seconds for one cigarette was repeated with an interval of 58 s. When bubbling the mainstream smoke, formaldehyde was converted to a DNPH derivative. Two cigarettes were used for measurements.

The thus formed DNPH derivative was measured by HPLC. In a first step, the solution was filtered, and then the filtered solution was diluted with a Trizma Base solution (4 ml trap solution: 6 ml Trizma Base solution). Then, the diluted solution was measured by HPLC. The HPLC measurement conditions were as follows:

Column: HP LiChrosper 100RP-18 (5 μm) 250 · 4mm.

Additional (safety) column: HP LiChrosper 100RP-18 (5 μm) 4 · 4 mm.

Column temperature: 30 ° C.

Detection wavelength: DAD 356 nm.

Injectable amount: 20 μl.

Mobile phase: three-phase gradients (solution A: ultrapure aqueous solution containing 30% acetonitrile, 10% tetrahydrofuran and 1% IPA; solution B: ultrapure aqueous solution containing 65% acetonitrile, 1% tetrahydrofuran and 1% IPA; solution C : 100% acetonitrile.

The design of the cigarette used as a sample is explained with reference to a sectional view in FIG. 2. As shown in the drawing, this cigarette contained a cigarette part 20, in which there was chopped tobacco 21 in a cigarette wrapper 22, and a filter part 30 containing a filter 31 wrapped in a cover paper 32. The filter part 30 was connected to the cigarette part 20 with cigarette paper 40 You can use, for example, cellulose acetate tow as a filter material.

By the way, you can use several separated filter elements. In this case, the individual filter elements are individually wrapped with paper for such elements, and then wrapped together with cover paper to form the filter portion 30.

When testing a cigarette with a test filter containing a basic amino acid added or a salt of a basic amino acid, a cigarette part cut off from an acetate filter of a marketable cigarette containing 6 mg of tar was used, and a sample was obtained by combining this cigarette part with a test filter. A basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid was added to the test filter using a spray gun. Then, a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid was added to chopped tobacco, which was extracted from a commercially available cigarette. The basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid was added to the chopped tobacco using a nebulizer, and then the tobacco was wrapped again with cigarette wrapping paper to obtain a cigarette portion.

Regarding the cigarette portion obtained by cutting off the filter portion from a commercially available cigarette containing 6 mg of tar, the formaldehyde content in the mainstream smoke was measured by the method described above with a puff number of 7. It was found that the formaldehyde content in the smoke was 110 μg .

Example 1

An acetate filter was prepared without plasticizer as the base filter A. The test filter was also prepared by adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine to the base filter A using a spray gun and then drying the base filter A for 48 hours, the filter obtained contained 3.5 mg of arginine. Another test filter was similarly prepared by adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine glutamate to base filter A using a spray gun, followed by drying of base filter A for 48 hours, the resulting filter containing 3.5 mg of arginine glutamate.

Each of the filters thus prepared was connected to the cigarette portion described above, and the formaldehyde content (FA) in the mainstream smoke was measured by the method described above. Table 1 presents the results of these measurements. As can be seen from the data in table 1, filter cigarettes obtained with the addition of arginine or arginine glutamate to base filter A showed a sufficient effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in mainstream cigarette smoke compared to cigarettes with base filter A.

Table 1 FA [mcg] Efficiency
filtering [%] Base Filter A 36.5 66.8 Addition of 3.5 mg Arginine 21.9 80.3 Addition of 3.5 mg of arginine glutamate 28.3 74.3

Example 2

The base filter B was prepared by adding 6 wt.% Triacetin as a plasticizer to the base filter A. The base filter B was the same as the filter of a commercial cigarette. The test filter was also prepared by adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine to the base filter B, followed by drying of the base filter B for 48 hours, the resulting filter containing 3.5 mg of arginine. Another test filter was similarly prepared by adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine glutamate to base filter B, followed by drying of the base filter for 48 hours, the resulting filter containing 3.5 mg of arginine glutamate.

Each of the filters thus prepared was connected to the cigarette portion described above, and the formaldehyde content (FA) in the mainstream cigarette smoke was measured. Table 2 presents the results of these measurements. As can be seen from the data in table 2, the filter cigarette obtained with the addition of arginine or arginine glutamate to the base filter B containing the added plasticizer showed a sufficient effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in the mainstream smoke.

table 2 FA [mcg] Efficiency
filtering [%] Base Filter B 44.0 60.0 Addition of 3.5 mg Arginine 21.1 80.8 Addition of 3.5 mg of arginine glutamate 34.1 69.0

Example 3

Three types of filters were prepared containing 3.5 mg of arginine, 7.0 mg of arginine and 10.5 mg of arginine, respectively, by adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine, 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 20 wt.% arginine, and 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 30 wt.% arginine, respectively, to the base filter B, followed by drying of the base filter B for 48 hours.

Each of the filters thus prepared was connected to the cigarette portion described above, and the formaldehyde content (FA) in the mainstream smoke was measured by the method described above. Table 3 presents the results of these measurements. As can be seen from the data in table 3, the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in the smoke of the main stream improves with an increase in the amount of arginine added to the base filter B, although a sufficient effect was achieved already by adding 3.5 mg of arginine to the base filter B.

Table 3 FA [mcg] Efficiency
filtering [%] Base Filter B 44.0 60.0 Addition of 3.5 mg Arginine 21.1 80.8 Addition of 7.0 mg Arginine 25.0 77.3 Addition of 10.5 mg Arginine 20,2 81.6

Example 4

The following measurements were carried out to evaluate the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in the main stream of cigarette smoke, which is provided by arginine or arginine glutamate in the presence of water.

In particular, 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine, or 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine glutamate, was added to the base filter A or base filter B, as in example 1 or example 2, followed by measurement formaldehyde content (FA) in a cigarette smoked by a smoker immediately after adding an aqueous solution, as in Example 1 or Example 2. In each case, the amount of arginine or arginine glutamate added was 3.5 mg. Table 4 presents the results. Comparison of the data in table 4 and table 1 or table 2 shows that the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in the main stream of cigarette smoke increases when arginine or arginine glutamate is contained with water.

Table 4 FA [mcg] Efficiency
filtering [%] Base Filter A 36.5 66.8 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution of arginine 14.3 87.0 Addition of 35 mg of arginine glutamate aqueous solution 14.9 86.5 Base Filter B 44.0 60.0 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution of arginine 11.6 89.5 Addition of 35 mg of arginine glutamate aqueous solution 17.8 83.8

Example 5

An aqueous solution containing 20% by weight of arginine was added in an amount of 20% by weight by spraying with a manual atomizer to the chopped tobacco loaded in the mixing drum, then chopped tobacco was dried at 80 ° C for 5 minutes in a dryer. The chopped tobacco was then conditioned for 48 hours to obtain a tobacco rod containing 690 mg chopped tobacco, 59 mm long. Cigarette wrapping paper 4P35 manufactured by Mishima Seishi K.K. used as a wrapper for the cigarette portion. The amount of arginine added was 4 wt.% (27.6 mg) based on the amount of chopped tobacco. Under these conditions, the amount of formaldehyde contained in the mainstream cigarette smoke was measured at the outlet of the cigarette portion, as described above, without attaching the filter to the cigarette portion. On the other hand, base sliced tobacco was prepared, used for comparison, by spraying only 20% by weight of water into the chopped tobacco. The amount of formaldehyde contained in the cigarette smoke was also measured as described above at the exit of the cigarette portion using the base chopped tobacco discussed above. The results are presented in table 5. As can be seen from table 5, the formaldehyde content in the mainstream smoke can also be significantly reduced by adding arginine to chopped tobacco.

Table 5 Formaldehydes at the exit of the cigarette portion [mcg] Drop rate [%] Basic chopped tobacco 121.3 -10.3 Addition of 27.6 mg Arginine 23.9 78.3

Example 6

Measurements were carried out similar to those in Example 4 in order to evaluate the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content provided by various basic amino acids or salts of basic amino acids in the presence of water.

In particular, a predetermined amount of an aqueous solution containing each of various basic amino acids or different salts of basic amino acids listed in Table 6 was preliminarily applied to the base filter B, and then, as described above, the formaldehyde content [FA] in the mainstream cigarette smoke was determined immediately after the introduction of an aqueous solution. In each of these cases, the amount of added basic amino acid or salt of the basic amino acid was 3.5 mg. Table 6 presents the results. As can be seen from the data of table 6, the main amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid other than arginine also gives the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in the mainstream cigarette smoke.

Table 6 FA [mcg] Filtering Rate [%] Base Filter B 44.0 60.0 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine 11.6 89.5 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Lysine 13.1 88.1 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Lysine hydrochloride 18.1 83.6 Adding 70 mg of an aqueous solution containing 5 wt.% Histidine 12.7 88.5 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Citrulline 17.7 83.9 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Ornithine 15.7 85.7

Example 7

The measurements of Example 2 were carried out to evaluate the effect of a decrease in the formaldehyde content exhibited by various basic amino acids or salts of basic amino acids in the presence of a surfactant.

In particular, a predetermined amount of an aqueous solution containing only arginine, or an aqueous solution containing both arginine and each of various surfactants, was applied to filter B, as shown in table 7, and then conditioned for 48 hours and measured formaldehyde content (FA) in mainstream cigarette smoke and an increase in water content (ΔW). Surfactants used included ionic surfactants such as potassium sorbate, sodium oleate and sodium laurate, and nonionic surfactants such as sucrose laurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose palmitate and sucrose stearate. The results are presented in table 7. As can be seen from the data in table 7, the effect of reducing the formaldehyde content in cigarette smoke of the main stream can be achieved if the main amino acid or salt of the main amino acid is used together with a surfactant, even if water is not contained with the main amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid. It is considered quite understandable that in case of using an aqueous solution containing both arginine and a surfactant, the wettability of the filter with an aqueous solution improves, and as a result, the dispersion ability of arginine improves.

Table 7 FA [mcg] Filtration Efficiency [%] ΔW
[mg] Base Filter B 44.0 60.0 0 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine 23,2 78.9 2.06 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 20 wt.% Potassium sorbate 17.9 83.7 3.35 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 2 wt.% Potassium oleate 18.9 82.9 1.49 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 2 wt.% Sodium laurate 18.0 83.6 1.71 Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 1 wt.% Sucrose laurate 20.3 81.6 - Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 1 wt.% Sucrose myristate 20.9 81.0 - Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 0.5 wt.% Sucrose palmitate 21,4 80.6 - Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 0.5 wt.% Sucrose stearate 22.5 79.6 - Adding 35 mg of an aqueous solution containing 10 wt.% Arginine and 1 wt.% Glycerol ester of a fatty acid 20.9 81.0 -

Sucrose Laurate: Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods Corporation, trademark L-1695.

Sucrose myristate: Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods Corporation, trademark M-1695.

Sucrose palmitate: Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods Corporation, trademark P-1670.

Sucrose stearate: Mitsubishi-Kagaku Foods Corporation, trademark S-1670.

Glycerol fatty acid ester (decaglycerol monolaurate): Riken Vitamin, brand J-0021.

The cigarette filter according to the invention can also be used in the form of a cigarette holder, made in figure 3. As shown in this drawing, the cigarette filter comprises a cylindrical body of the cigarette holder 41 and a filter 31 located inside the body of the cigarette holder 41. The main amino acid or the salt of the main amino acid is contained in the filter 31. The body of the cigarette holder 41 is formed together with the mouthpiece 42. The aldehyde content of mainstream cigarette smoke can be further reduced by using a specially designed cigarette filter.

As discussed in detail above, the use of a cigarette and a cigarette filter according to the invention can effectively reduce the aldehyde content of cigarette smoke inhaled by a smoker.

Claims (5)

1. A cigarette containing a basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid in an amount of at least 1 mg / cigarette, wherein said basic amino acid or a salt of a basic amino acid is selected from the group consisting of arginine, arginine salt, lysine, lysine salt, histidine, salt histidine, ornithine, salts of ornithine, citrulline, salts of citrulline, hydroxyzine and salts of hydroxyzine. 2. The cigarette according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid is added in the form of an aqueous solution. 3. The cigarette according to claim 1 or 2, additionally containing a surfactant. 4 A cigarette filter containing at least 1 mg / cigarette of a basic amino acid or a basic amino acid salt, wherein said basic amino acid or a basic amino acid salt is selected from the group consisting of arginine, arginine salt, lysine, lysine salt, histidine, salt histidine, ornithine, salts of ornithine, citrulline, salts of citrulline, hydroxyzine and salts of hydroxyzine. 5. A cigarette filter according to claim 4, characterized in that the basic amino acid or a salt of the basic amino acid is added in the form of an aqueous solution. 6. The cigarette filter according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a surfactant.

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