RU2271915C2 - Grid structures manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for combination type working of metals, namely welding and further plastic deforming of metal;, possibly manufacture of different-designation grids of rod materials.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes housing, mechanisms for feeding and moving members such as rods or wire; welding device with welding heads; control unit. Welding device includes ramp for supplying shield gas. Mechanisms for feeding and moving members are made with possibility of placing members one close to other mutually in parallel.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of apparatus, improved quality of structures.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by combined methods, namely, welding followed by plastic deformation, and can be used for the manufacture of bar material or wire gratings for various purposes and openwork lattice posts, which can be used as reinforcement for reinforced concrete and other composite materials (including in the manufacture of structures used in earthquake-prone areas), as well as independent load-bearing and decorative elements.

Known automatic line for the manufacture of gratings, containing means for feeding wire, a device for manufacturing a lattice frame, consisting of a mechanism for bending wire, means for welding it, a device for removing burr and means for feeding a lattice frame, a device for laying transverse wires, a mechanism for feeding the frame with transverse wires, a welding device, a bending device with a cutting mechanism, a device for laying lattices and a tray for finished lattices (Patent RU 2062676, B 21 F 27/10).

All lattice welding machines have, as a rule, rod storage bins or bobbins with wire bundles in terms of the number of elements of the finished grate base and an additional transverse rod storage device or bobbin, as well as a correct-cutting device of the transverse element - a bar. Resulting in:

- significant production areas are required to accommodate the required number of bobbins or storage bins;

- decreases the productivity of the machine due to the increase in auxiliary time for laborious alternate (not simultaneous) replacement of bobbins;

- the yield of marriage is increased due to the large stroke of the carriage, equal to the step of moving to the cell of the grate, since in case of failure of one or more intersecting elements, as well as the delay or termination of the supply of any of the base elements, the grating web is deformed and rejected.

Known devices for the production of columnar frames (mainly for the production of reinforced concrete products) containing elements for forming spirals with a given step, as well as mechanisms for feeding, stacking and stepwise moving longitudinal bearing connecting (reinforcing) elements with subsequent welding with a molded spiral at the intersection (see RF patent No. 20048411, IPC E 04 C 3/34; RF patent No. 2059052, IPC E 04 C 3/34).

Due to the fact that the manufactured products have a three-dimensional shape, the machines occupy a large volume and have a very complex structure.

Closest to the proposed solution is a device for the manufacture of meshes, which contains mounted on a bed welding mechanism with electrodes and a step-by-step mechanism for moving grids. The latter is designed as mounted on a bed with the possibility of reciprocating movement perpendicular to the feed axis of the transverse beam rods with hooks and pushers (Patent RU 2020017, B 21 F 27/10).

However, this machine is not intended for the manufacture of stretchable lattice structures consisting of tightly laid elements without transverse connecting elements. This machine does not allow you to adjust the size of the welds.

The objective of the invention is to increase productivity while improving the quality of manufactured structures by improving the aesthetic and strength characteristics of the structure through the use of seam welding according to the original scheme, the possibility of manufacturing both flat and three-dimensional lattice structures, eliminating the use of transverse connecting elements.

The problem is solved in that in the device for the manufacture of lattice structures, including the bed, the mechanisms for feeding and moving elements, the welding unit with welding heads, the control unit, according to the invention, the mechanisms for feeding and moving elements are made with the possibility of stacking the workpieces parallel to each other, and the welding unit contains a shielding gas supply ramp.

The movement mechanism is configured to simultaneously move the welded web to a step equal to the diameter of the element, the welding heads of the welding unit are mounted on a traverse with the ability to move along it, while the welding unit is equipped with a common control drive shaft having grooves for feeding the welding wire, each welding head is equipped with pressure rollers with electromagnetic control.

The drive shaft is made with replaceable bushings.

The feed mechanism is combined with the movement mechanism in a single unit and is made in the form of rolling rollers with the possibility of their mutual movement, which determines the radius of curvature of the annular element.

The device further comprises a non-ferrous metal lodgement substrate. The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

figure 1 - General view of a device for the manufacture of flat blanks lattice structures,

figure 2 - diagram of the working part of the device for the manufacture of flat blanks,

figure 3 - diagram of the working part of the device for the manufacture of bulk blanks lattice structures,

figure 4 - examples of finished structures,

Where:

1 - elements of the workpiece (rods);

2 - welds;

3 - guides;

4 - rolling rollers;

5 - elements of the workpiece (turns of a wire spiral);

6 - bed;

7 - feeding mechanism (as well as dressing and cutting) of the wire in the original zone;

8 - step-by-step movement mechanism (for example, clamshell);

9 - traverse;

10 - welding heads;

11 - controlled drive shaft;

12 - pressure rollers;

13 - a ramp for supplying shielding gas;

14 - source of welding current;

15 - control unit;

16 - source zone;

17 - working area;

18 - welding zone in the working area;

19 - lodgement (substrate);

20 - zone of the welded web;

21 - reel (bay) with a welding wire.

For the manufacture of lattice structures, blanks are formed from elements, which can be rods 1, previously cut or unwound from a bay, spiral coils 5 or closed rings. The elements are laid parallel to each other and welded together by intermittent arc welding 2 of a given length locally at given points to form grid cells of the desired shape and size. The most technological connection of the elements of lattice structures is achieved by welding the bottom seam “into the boat”.

A device for the manufacture of flat blanks of lattice structures (figure 1) contains a wire feeder 7 mounted on the bed 6 (for the case of using pre-aligned chopped rods). The device can be additionally equipped with a dressing and cutting mechanism in case of wire feed from the bay. The bed also has a step-by-step mechanism 8 (for example, clamshell), a beam 9, on which welding heads 10 are mounted, made with the possibility of movement along the beam. Welding heads 10 have a common controllable drive shaft 11. To feed the welding wire to the shaft, annular grooves can be made or the shaft can be equipped with replaceable bushings with guide grooves. The traverse 9 is equipped with pressure rollers 12 with electromagnetic control. The device has a ramp 13 for supplying shielding gas to the working area of the welding. The welding heads are connected to the welding current source 14. Moreover, all the mechanisms of the device are connected to the control unit 15.

The cut wire rods are fed into the initial zone 16 using the feed mechanism 7, after which, using the clamshell mechanism 8, the rod is fed into the working zone 17. Depending on the desired shape of the grid cells, the rods using the welding heads 10 are welded by seam welding locally at the specified points defining the nature of the pattern and the strength of the connection. Simultaneously with the welding process, the next rod is fed into the initial zone 16. At the end of welding, by the mechanism 8, the fed rod is moved to the working zone 17 and the welded web is simultaneously moved by a step equal to the diameter of the wire.

The pressure rollers 12 press the welding wire to the drive shaft 11, which supplies the welding wire to the welding zone 18. Using the ramp 13, protective gas is supplied to the welding zone.

Control Unit 15:

- calculates the location of welded points in the fabric in accordance with the required lattice pattern and calculates the recommended (nominal) tensile coefficient of the structure;

- controls all machine tools;

- carries out welding quality control with the ability to correct welding defects.

The manufacture of lattice structures from longitudinal, welded together elements simplifies the technology and increases the productivity of automated fabrication of structures. Welding parallel-laid elements "in the boat" provides a quality connection of structural elements. In the manufacture of large-sized structures, the possibility of stretching the welded workpieces at the installation site of structures allows to facilitate their storage and transportation.

The advantages of this device include the absence of detachable knives of the finished fabric, since the separation of the paintings is carried out on a plot of any length with a stepwise movement of the mechanism 8 without turning on the welding heads.

A device for the manufacture of bulk blanks lattice structures (figure 3) contains a frame 6, a welding head 10, rolling rollers 4, guides 3 for the descent of the welded workpiece.

A device for the manufacture of bulk blanks lattice structures (figure 3) works as follows. The wire is fed into the rolling rollers 4, with the possibility of mutual movement, setting the required radius of curvature of the ring elements of the workpiece, is formed into an annular spiral. Simultaneously with the movement of the wire, local welding of adjacent ring elements at specified points is carried out. In the manufacture of bulk blanks of lattice structures from a set of rings, the device further comprises a mechanism for cutting and forming the annular element.

The proposed devices allow to obtain products in a rolled up form, which reduces the required production area, facilitates their storage, transportation and allows you to irreversibly deploy the structure in place without first reconciling the dimensions.

The invention allows, with minimum material costs, to obtain durable and aesthetically pleasing constructions for widespread use both from flat billets - gratings for fencing, and from bulk - pillars for reinforcing reinforced concrete structures in seismically hazardous areas, as well as energy-absorbing fencing of motorways, significantly increasing safety movement. The high degree of aesthetics of the resulting volumetric structures significantly expands the scope of their application and turns them into an independent structural, supporting (and / or decorative) element that can be used to create small architectural forms. The device allows you to expand the range of manufactured products without readjustment and changes in its design.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the manufacture of lattice structures containing a bed, mechanisms for feeding and moving elements, a welding unit with welding heads, a control unit, characterized in that the mechanisms for feeding and moving elements are made with the possibility of stacking elements closely, parallel to each other, and the welding unit contains a protective gas supply ramp. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for moving the elements is configured to simultaneously move the web welded from the elements by a step equal to the diameter of the elements, the welding heads of the welding unit are mounted on a traverse with the ability to move along it, while the welding unit is equipped with a common control drive shaft for feeding the welding wire, and each welding head is equipped with pressure rollers with electromagnetic control. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive shaft is made with replaceable bushings. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the feed mechanism is combined with the movement mechanism in a single unit and is made in the form of rolling rollers with the possibility of their mutual movement, which determines the radius of curvature of the ring element. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a lodgement substrate of non-ferrous metal.

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