RU2271062C2 - Computerized device for high-speed charge of storage battery with asymmetric current - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device built around charge-discharge pulse-width modulated converters and designed for high-speed charge of NiCd, NiMH ventilated half-sealed or fully sealed storage batteries, as well as Li-Ion batteries rated at voltage higher than, equal to, or lower than supply voltage of device functions so that when battery is connected to this device, type of battery is automatically recognized and charge algorithm suited to this very type of battery is chosen. Device has chosen-algorithm control circuit and power equipment control circuit. Control unit in the form of single-chip micro[processor generates signals in compliance with charge algorithm for controlling high-frequency pulse-width modulated converters. Storage battery connected to charge pulse-width modulated converters functions as load and also as power supply for discharge pulse-width modulated converter. Signal picked off current transducer is supplied to single-chip microprocessor and the latter specifies and maintains desired level of charge and discharge current in compliance with charge algorithm. Signal arriving from battery voltage transducer is supplied to single-chip microprocessor for monitoring charging process and determining end-of-charge criteria.

EFFECT: enlarged functional capabilities of device.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to devices for accelerated charging of rechargeable batteries (AB) based on converters with pulse-width modulation (PWM).

A device is known [Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2134476, H 02 J 7/10, 1999] for accelerated charging of a battery with an asymmetric current, comprising a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, including a control unit that is a single-chip microprocessor (OMP), an indication unit, a task unit charge algorithm, a charge mode setting unit, a synchronization unit, consisting of operating and initial synchronization units, the inputs of which are combined, and the outputs are connected to a control unit, a power supply unit connected by an output to the input of the unit s synchronization, and the input with the output of the unit for setting the charge mode, the voltage sensor unit, the input of which is connected to the terminals for connecting the battery, and the output is connected to the input of the control unit, and the power section control circuit, including the filter unit, charging and discharge capacitor units, two counter-parallel connected blocks of controlled rectifiers, amplifier blocks, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of blocks of controlled rectifiers, and the inputs to the corresponding outputs of the control block. The control unit generates signals in accordance with the charge algorithm and synchronization from the network to control counter-parallel connected controlled rectifiers. As a load, a battery is connected to the rectifiers. Some plates of current-limiting capacitors are connected to the supply network, while others are connected to controlled rectifiers. The current limitation in the charging and discharge periods of operation allows you to control the rectifiers without phase control.

The disadvantages of the known device are the fixed charge mode, which corresponds to certain types of batteries, and the difficulty of changing it, which limits the functionality of the device.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a device [Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2215353, N 02 J 7/10, 2003] for automatic accelerated charging of batteries with an asymmetric current, comprising a power section control circuit including two filter units, two amplifier units, an adjustable unit a charging current source, an adjustable discharge current source unit, a diode, a load cell unit, an AB connection unit and a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, including a control unit, an algorithm setting unit charge mA, charge mode setting unit, power supply, current sensor block, voltage sensor block, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) block, audible alarm unit, display unit and PWM block.

The disadvantages of this device include the impossibility of an accelerated battery charge with a rated voltage of more than 75% of the supply voltage, which limits the scope of this device.

The objective of the invention is to provide a device that allows you to quickly charge with an asymmetric current in automatic mode, batteries with a nominal voltage below the supply voltage, exceeding the supply voltage, or changing the supply voltage during charging.

This object is achieved in that in a known device for automatic accelerated charging of batteries with an asymmetric current, comprising a power section control circuit including two filter units, two amplifier units, an adjustable charging current source unit, an adjustable discharge current source unit, a load cell unit, a unit connecting batteries, and a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, including a control unit, a charge algorithm setting unit, a charge mode setting unit, power supply, current sensor block, voltage sensor block, ADC block, sound alarm block, indication block and PWM block, an additional amplifier block is introduced, the input of which is connected to the output of the PWM block of the control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, an additional block of an adjustable charging current source, one input which is connected to the output of the introduced additional block of amplifiers, and a voltage is connected to another input, the output of the introduced additional block of an adjustable source of charging current is connected to the input of the block ltrov.

The use of an introduced adjustable source of charging current, which is a boost PWM converter, controlled via a single-chip microprocessor through an entered amplifier block, together with an adjustable source of charging current allows you to maintain the required charging current regardless of changes in the input voltage.

The drawing shows a block diagram of a device.

The device includes a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm (CPS) 1 and a power part control circuit (CMS) 2. Block 3, which is a single-chip microprocessor consisting of a control block 4, a charge algorithm task unit 5, a PWM block 6, an ADC block 7, unit 8 for setting the charge mode, connected to the indicating unit 9, the audible alarm unit 10, the battery connecting unit 11, the current sensor unit 12 and the voltage sensor unit 13. The inputs of the blocks 12 and 13 of the current sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively connected to the corresponding outputs of the battery connecting unit 11, the inputs of which are connected to the battery block 14, the outputs of the blocks 12 and 13 are connected to the inputs of the ADC block 7, the outputs of the PWM block 6 are connected to the corresponding inputs blocks 15 and 16 amplifiers and the introduced block 17 amplifiers, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of blocks 18, 19 and 20 of an adjustable source of charging current, an adjustable source of discharge current and an input of regulated source and charging current, respectively. The supply voltage is connected to the input of the power supply unit 21 and the input of the input unit 20 of the adjustable charging current source, the output of which is connected to the input of the filter unit 22, the output of the filter unit 22 is connected to the input of the adjustable charging current source unit 18, the output of which is connected to the battery connection unit 11 and block 23 filters, the output of block 23 of the filters is connected to the input of block 19 of an adjustable discharge current source, the output of block 19 of an adjustable source of discharge current is connected to the input of block 24 of the load element nta.

The device operates as follows. The supply voltage is supplied to the power supply unit 21, which generates constant stabilized voltages to power the unit 3 of a single-chip microprocessor, an indication unit 9, an audible alarm unit 10, a charge mode setting unit 8, a current sensor unit 12, a voltage sensor unit 13 and amplifier units 15 and 16 and an input unit of 17 amplifiers. When the device is turned on, the signals from the output of unit 3 of the single-chip microprocessor lock the amplifier blocks, which prevents the opening of the power elements of the control circuit of power part 2, unit 3 of the single-chip microprocessor initiates a program recorded in block 5 of the task of the charging algorithm, which sets the output signals of the input / output ports to the initial state , controls the input signals of the input-output ports and ADC. When the polling is completed normally, a signal with a duration of 500 ms and a frequency of 2 kHz is output to the sound alarm unit 10. If a forbidden combination occurs at the inputs of the OMP 3, it gives an alarm signal to the acoustic signaling unit 10 with a frequency of 1 kHz for a duration of 230 ms and a pause of 20 ms, and a signal with a frequency of 4 Hz and a duty cycle of 0.1 to the indication unit 9. After preliminary processing and installation of the corresponding signals, the unit 3 of the single-chip microprocessor goes into standby mode, periodically polling the outputs of the unit 8 for setting the charge mode and the unit 13 for the voltage sensor. When connecting the battery to the battery connecting unit 11, a switch corresponding to the type of the connected battery is switched, the signal from which is supplied to the charge mode setting unit 8 and from its output to the control unit 4. The battery voltage is supplied to the input of the voltage sensor block 13 and, from its output, to the ADC block 7. The control unit 4 analyzes the received signals and selects a charge algorithm corresponding to the type of battery from the charge algorithm setting unit 5. The control unit 4 provides charge control signals to the PWM unit 6 and to the indication unit 9 a constant light signal. The signals from the PWM block 6, arriving at the amplifier blocks 15 and 16 and the input amplifier block 17 and then to the blocks 18, 19 and 20 of an adjustable charge current source, an adjustable discharge current source, and an input of a regulated charge current source, respectively, establish and maintain amplitudes and durations charge and discharge pulses according to the selected charge algorithm. The introduction of an additional block of an adjustable charging current source allows you to maintain the required amplitude of the charging pulse when the battery voltage rises above the input voltage level, or when the input voltage level decreases. The amplitudes of the charging and discharge currents are monitored using a signal from block 12 of the current sensor supplied to block 7 of the ADC. During the charge, in accordance with the algorithm, the battery voltage is monitored. At the end of the charging process, the control unit 4 stops supplying control signals to the PWM unit 6, at the outputs of which levels are installed that lock the blocks 18, 19 and 20 of the regulated charging current source, the adjustable discharge current source and the introduced regulated charging current source, respectively, the battery is disconnected from the charging and bit circuits, the control unit 4 gives signals about the normal completion of the charging process in the display unit 9 with a frequency of 2 Hz and a duty cycle of 0.5 and the sound signaling unit 10 with a frequency of 1 kHz elnostyu 250 ms and 250 ms pause. During the charge, the current parameters are monitored for compliance with the selected charge mode. If the currents do not correspond to the parameters of the mode, the charge stops and emergency sound alarms and indicators turn on, which indicates a battery malfunction.

The charge circuit consists of an additionally introduced unit 20 of an adjustable charge current source controlled through an additionally introduced unit 17 of amplifiers from the unit 3 of a single-chip microprocessor, which serves to increase the input voltage, if necessary to maintain the level of the charging current in accordance with the charge mode, the filter unit 22, which protects the supply voltage from low-frequency and high-frequency interference that occurs during switching in block 18 of an adjustable charging current source, block 18 of the regulation current source of charging current, controlled through block 15 of amplifiers from block 3 of a single-chip microprocessor, which serves to maintain the level of the charging current in accordance with the charge mode with a sufficient input voltage, block 11 connecting the batteries.

The discharge circuit consists of a block 11 for connecting batteries, a block 23 of filters necessary to smooth out high-frequency ripples of the discharge current, a block 19 of an adjustable source of discharge current controlled through block 16 of amplifiers from block 3 of a single-chip microprocessor, which sets and maintains the required level of discharge current, block 24 load cells. This construction of the power unit allows for accelerated charging of batteries, as well as the discharge of batteries with direct current to the active load if it is necessary to conduct charge-discharge cycles.

The introduction into SISCH 2 of block 20 of an adjustable charging current source and block of 17 amplifiers made it possible to charge batteries with a voltage exceeding the supply voltage, and, thus, expand the functionality of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for automatic accelerated charging of batteries with an asymmetric current, comprising a power unit control circuit including a filter unit, an adjustable charge current source unit connected to a filter unit, an adjustable discharge current source unit, a load cell unit connected by an adjustable discharge current source unit, amplifier units connected to an adjustable charge current source unit and an adjustable discharge current source unit, respectively, a connection unit batteries, the inputs of which have terminals for connecting batteries, a filter unit connected to a battery connection unit and an adjustable discharge current source unit, and a control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, including a control unit connected to a charge algorithm setting unit, a charge mode setting unit , an indication unit, an audible alarm unit, a PWM unit, an ADC unit, a charge mode setting unit is connected to a battery connection unit, a PWM unit is connected to a unit the amplifiers of the power section control circuit, the current sensor unit connected to the battery connection unit and the ADC unit, the voltage sensor unit connected to the battery connection unit and the ADC unit, the power supply unit connected to the supply voltage, characterized in that in the control circuit the power unit introduced an additional amplifier block, the input of which is connected to the output of the PWM block of the control circuit according to a predetermined algorithm, and an additional block of an adjustable charging current source, representing oboj boost voltage PWM converter, one input of which is connected to the output amplifiers inputted additional unit, and the other input connected to the supply voltage, a regulated output charging current source inputted additional unit connected to the input of the filter unit.