RU2266837C2 - Method of loading and fastening long-length metal pipes, diameter 1020 mm, in open-top rail cars - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of loading and fastening long-length materials, namely, pipes diameter 1020 mm, in railway open-top cars. Proposed method includes stowing of nine pipes in open-top in several rows with placing of lower row consisting of two pipes on liners installed over bolsters of open-top car. After loading of fifth pipe, three pipes are placed in form of pack formed preliminarily and tied up by ring slings made of polyester, with upper pipe being placed between pipes of pack. Rows of pipes projecting beyond side of open-top car are fastened by polyester belts. Two extreme pipes of three pipes in pack are locked by thrust-and-space frame.

EFFECT: provision of complete loading of long-cut metal pipes, diameter 1020 mm, within the limits of open-top car, with reliable fastening and prevention of mechanical damages.

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Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to railway gondola cars for the transportation of long metal pipes with a diameter of 1020 mm, and can also be used for other long goods of circular cross section with a diameter of 1020 mm

Known railway vehicle with free laying of long loads, such as railway rails or pipes with free, that is, unpacked, laying the load on the platform (RU Patent No. 2156197, B 61 D 3/16, 60 P 3/40).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that with a sharp change in the operating mode of the vehicle, the cargo, which is in a free unpackaged form on the platform, is displaced not only in the longitudinal but also in the transverse direction, while causing mechanical damage to both the cargo and the vehicle.

It is well known that a gondola car consists of a frame and a body, which is two longitudinal walls that are not rigidly connected to each other, and end walls made in the form of double-leaf doors. To prevent the displacement of the load in the longitudinal direction in this gondola car angular racks and end sills are installed. However, they can only keep the lower tier of cargo and the extreme units of cargo from shifting, while the middle units of cargo do not have reliable stability during longitudinal displacement. In addition, this design of a gondola car does not provide a full load of goods of circular cross-section with a diameter of 1020 mm within the gondola car dimension.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is a method for loading and fastening long metal pipes, including a diameter of 1020 mm in railway gondola cars using the device (SU patent No. 1745579, 60 P 7/00).

According to this technical solution, the method is carried out by free, that is, without packaging, laying nine pipes in open wagons in several rows with laying, moreover, the bottom row in the amount of two pipes on the linings installed above the pivot beams of the open wagon and laying the upper pipe. Rows of pipes protruding over the side of the gondola car are fixed with a device for building the walls of the gondola car — a lever made of two racks shifted relative to one another to form a stop for interaction with the horizontal side of the side of the gondola car. The lever is equipped with plates with L-shaped shanks for interaction with the upper wagon harness.

The implementation of the lever in the form of an integral structure reduces the cost of installation and dismantling, but does not ensure the reliability of the fastening of the upper pipes, which are freely unpackaged in gondola cars, which, when the vehicle brakes sharply, are displaced not only in the longitudinal but also in the transverse directions.

The technical result of the invention is the complete loading of long metal pipes with a diameter of 1020 mm within the size of a gondola car with their reliable fastening and the exclusion of mechanical damage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of loading and fastening long metal pipes with a diameter of 1020 mm in railway gondola cars includes laying nine pipes in a gondola car in several rows with laying the bottom row of pipes in an amount of two, laying the upper pipe and securing the rows of pipes protruding overboard the gondola car, the lower row of pipes is laid on the linings installed above the pivot beams of the gondola car, after loading the fifth pipe, three pipes are laid in the form of a packet, preformed and linked th annular slings polyester, placing the tube between the upper tube packet, the rows of pipes projecting overboard gondola, fixed clamping straps of polyester and two outer pipes of three of the packet is fixed by means of thrust spacer frame.

Placing a bundled package of three pipes on the underlying row of pipes in a gondola with the formation of a seat for the upper ninth pipe allows for reliable loading of pipes in the amount of nine pieces with a diameter of 1020 mm within the gondola car dimension.

Reliable load securing, with the exception of mechanical damage, is also ensured by the transverse strapping of pipes protruding over the side of the gondola car with polyester tie belts and the bundling of a three-pipe package with polyester ring slings, as well as the fixing of the outermost two pipes of three bundled pipes using a pressure-stop frames.

Figure 1 shows the main view of the device with the load;

figure 2 is a top view of figure 1;

figure 3 is a side view of figure 1;

figure 4 - design of the shield, the main view;

figure 5 is a side view of figure 4;

figure 6 - persistent spacer frame;

Fig.7 - packetizer in operation.

The device consists of a typical railway gondola 1 with removable side posts 2 rigidly fixed inside it, made of timber with a section, for example, 40 × 150 mm (Fig. 1). On two sides of the gondola car 1, pads 3 are placed over the pivot beams (not shown) and are equal in length to the carriage width and rigidly connected with nails to the extreme side posts 2. On the pads 3, wedges 4 are placed on the pads 3 for fixing the two pipes 1a, 2a of the lower row the sides of the front doors of the gondola 1 mounted shields 5, made on the inside of the car in the form of frames (figure 4). On the outside, the shields are made of three horizontal bars with a cross-section, for example, 100 × 100 mm, while the middle beam is located at the height of the gondola car body 1. To fix the side racks 2 to the walls of the gondola car 1, fasteners are used in the form of wire ties 6 from 4 mm wire in two strands, and for fastening the shield wire tie 7 from a wire of 6 mm into four threads. The transverse strapping 8 for pipes protruding over the side of the gondola car is made in the form of polyester tie belts in an amount of, for example, three pieces. The device also contains a packetizer 9 (Fig. 7), made, for example, of a channel in the form of a V-shaped frame, and a link 10 in the form of ring slings of polyester in the amount of, for example, two pieces. The manufacturer of ring slings and coupling belts made of polyester is LLC “Leotok-Gruzozovvat”. Certificate No. 03.00027. 120 dated 02.06.03, issued by the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. To reliably protect the pipes 7a, 8a from damage when they are longitudinally displaced at one end of the gondola car 1 over its entire width, a stop-and-strut frame 11 is installed, made in the form of a frame of longitudinal bars with a cross section, for example, 50 × 150 mm, and transverse bars with a cross section, for example, 100 × 100 mm, and in contact with the ends of the pipes 7a, 8a on one side and a shield 5 on the other. In addition, for transportation of pipes with polyethylene insulation, the inner surfaces of the uprights 2 and lining 3 are sheathed with sheet rubber 12 with a thickness of at least 3 mm, and rubber gaskets 13 are provided for pipes 1a, 2a, 3a.

The method of loading and fastening pipes is as follows.

The loading of the first lower row of pipes 1a, 2a (see Fig. 1) is carried out on two linings 3 and fixed with wedges 4. Then pipes 3a, 4a, 5a are loaded, previously laying rubber gaskets 13 on pipes 1a, 2a, 3a in case transportation of pipes with a polyethylene coating. Using a packet former 9, a packet of three pipes 7a, 8a, 9a is assembled by linking them with two bundles 10 (Fig. 7). Each link of link 10 is designed for a working load of at least 6 tons. A slinger with a hook of the loading crane blocks the free branch of the line between the pipes 7a and 8a. Next, the package is delivered by crane for loading into the car. In this case, the pipe 6 falls into the gap between the pipes 4a and 5a. After the package is lowered until it comes into contact with the pipes of the lower tier, the link 10 repeats the contour formed by the profile of the lower tier pipes 4a, 3a, 5a. Between the pipes 7a and 8a, a pipe 9a is placed. At the same time, the slack of the slings provides a tight contact between the pipes 6a, 7a, 8a, which provides an interference fit of the 10 connections in the V and W directions and the roll of pipes 7a and 8a, which additionally abut against the side posts 2 of the gondola car, and from the longitudinal displacement these pipes are fixed with the help of of the spacer frame 11. From lateral displacement, the rows of pipes partially protruding above the side of the gondola are secured, for example, by three coupling belts - strapping 8, securing the belts to the upper linking devices (loops on the cars are not shown in the drawing) located on the side gondola racks. The lashing belts are equipped with a lashing device, providing a force of up to 10 tons. The claimed technical solution can also be used for the transportation of any long cargo with circular cross-section with a diameter of 1020 mm in railway gondola cars.

The proposed method, due to its new and significant features, allows for the full loading of long metal pipes with a diameter of 1020 mm within the gondola car’s dimensions with their reliable fastening and the exclusion of mechanical damage and, according to the authors, will find wide industrial application.

Claims (1)

The method of loading and fastening long metal pipes with a diameter of 1020 mm in railway gondola cars, including laying nine pipes in a gondola car in several rows with laying the lower row of pipes in an amount of two, laying the upper pipe and securing the rows of pipes protruding overboard the gondola car, characterized in that the lower a number of pipes are laid on linings installed above the pivot beams of a gondola car, after loading the fifth pipe, three pipes are laid in the form of a bag, preformed and tied with ring slings from oliesters, placing the upper pipe between the pipes of the package, while the rows of pipes protruding over the side of the gondola are secured with polyester lashing straps, and the two outermost of the three bundled pipes are fixed with a stop-and-strut frame.

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