RU2265984C1 - Rotary mower for underdeveloped horticulture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, mechanization of horticultural works.

SUBSTANCE: rotary mover has frame, rotors with knives and drive for rotors. Frame is attached to hitching device for lateral displacement from tractor longitudinal axis. Rotor center line is arranged at an angle of attack for providing mown mass throwing sector. Rotors have proportionally reducing diameters. Rotor knives are equipped with blades and are positioned for one-sided rotation through drive. Mower provides throwing of mown mass onto soil strips adjoining tree trunks and formation therein of mulching layer.

EFFECT: provision for preventing soil from compaction and increased moisture content.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used to mechanize gardening.

One of the systems of soil maintenance in gardens is sod-humus, which provides for sowing in the aisles of perennial grasses (siderata) with the leaving of sown strips in the rows of trees [1]. Grass between rows is systematically mowed. Barrel strips are mechanically treated or herbicides are used to kill weeds.

Known garden mower-mower IKS-3, designed for mowing and grinding green manure for fertilizer, as well as grass and weed vegetation in tinned gardens, containing a frame rolling on self-mounted wheels, rotary working bodies with knives, a sliding section with an automatic control mechanism, drive of working bodies [2 - prototype]. The mower is mounted on the tractor parallel to the longitudinal axis or with lateral displacement. This allows you to mow grass in the middle of the aisles and under the crowns of trees.

The disadvantage of this device is that the beveled mass is left in place in the aisles, forming a mulching layer, which subsequently turns into organic fertilizers. In intensive dwarf orchards, the bulk (94%) of the root system of fruit trees is located within a radius of 1 m from the stem [3]. Therefore, it is advisable to form a mulching layer directly in the row of trees.

The purpose of the invention is the provision of more efficient use of the mass of mowed green manure and other vegetation in tinned dwarf gardens.

This is achieved by the fact that the line of centers of the rotors is located at an angle of attack to obtain a sector of ejection of the beveled mass, and the rotors have proportionally decreasing diameters, while the blades are equipped with blades and are installed with the possibility of one-way rotation by means of a drive.

The ejection of the beveled mass into the near-trunk strips and the formation of a mulching layer here eliminates soil compaction and the formation of soil crust, increases the moisture content and significantly reduces the clogging of the near-trunk strips, that is, eliminates the repeated loosening or application of herbicides. When carrying out machining of near-stem strips, a semi-rotten mowed mass is embedded in the soil, increasing the humus content.

Figure 1 is a top view of the device; figure 2 is a side view of the device; figure 3 - the shape of the knife with a blade; figure 4 - diagram of the process.

The mower consists of an attachment 1, a frame 2 connected to the attachment with the possibility of lateral displacement from the longitudinal axis of the tractor and rolling on the self-aligning wheels 3, on which the housing 4 is mounted with the possibility of changing the angle of attack α, comprising a rotor drive 5 with knives 6, providing their one-sided (clockwise in a top view) rotation. Rotation is transmitted to the rotors from the hydraulic motor 7. The knives 6 are mounted on the output shafts 8 of the housing and are equipped with blades 9.

The technological process of the mower is as follows. When the unit moves along the garden aisle, the green mass is mowed by rotor knives rotating in one direction. Part of the mown mass is thrown in a row of trees during rotation due to the impact reported by the blades of the knives. Another part of the cut grass falls into the area of action of the knives of the next rotor, and the process repeats. The location of the line of centers of the rotors at an angle of attack α allows you to get the sector of ejection of the beveled mass necessary to perform the process. The proportionally decreasing rotor diameters provide a different range of grass casting and the formation of a uniform mulching layer in a row of trees.

Changing the angle of attack of the line of centers of the rotors allows you to change the width of the mower and the casting distance of the mowed mass. The cutting height is adjusted by rearranging the support wheels in height relative to the frame.

Information sources

1. Fruit growing / V.A. Potapov, V.V. Faustov, F.N. Pilshchikov and others; under the editorship of V.A. Potapov, F.N. Pilshchikova. - M .: Kolos, 2000, - 432 s.

2. Aniferov F.E., Eroshenko L.I., Teplinsky I.Z. Gardening machines. - L .: Agropromizdat, 1990, - 304 p.

3. Budagovsky V.I. Culture of undersized fruit trees. - M .: Kolos, 1976, - 303 p.

Claims (1)

A rotary mower for low-growing gardening, comprising a frame attached to the attachment with the possibility of lateral displacement relative to the longitudinal axis of the tractor and rolling on self-aligning wheels, rotors with knives and rotor drive, characterized in that the line of rotor centers is located at an angle of attack to obtain an ejected ejection sector masses, and rotors have proportionally decreasing diameters, while the knives are equipped with blades and are installed with the possibility of one-sided rotation by means of Yes.

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