RU157023U1 - ROTARY MOWER-GRINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to agricultural machinery, is intended for mowing grass stands between rows of perennial plantings, and can be used in a set of machines for environmentally friendly technology for the cultivation of orchards and vineyards.

The rotary mower-grinder includes a frame attached to the attachment, a gearbox, a rotor with knives, a cardan shaft, the frame is mounted on the support wheels, a casing is installed on the frame, inside of which there are rotating knives mounted on the rotor hub, blades are mounted on rotating knives, the inner the casing space is made in the form of a cochlea and has an outlet for the directed ejection of crushed plant mass, the rotor is driven from the power take-off shaft at the tractor through the driveshaft and the gearbox torus.

The ejected mass in the near-trunk zone forms a mulching layer. The crushed mass rots and additionally saturates the soil with microelements and minerals (acts as organic fertilizer), reduces the need for mineral fertilizers, reduces the chemical load on the plantings and fruits, regulates the air-water regime of the soil, reduces clogging of the trunks, reduces: the need for multiple processing of the trunk strip, the use of herbicides, the application of mineral fertilizers.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, is intended for mowing grass stands between rows of perennial plantings, and can be used in a set of machines for environmentally friendly technology for the cultivation of orchards and vineyards.

Advanced technologies for the cultivation of orchards and vineyards provide for the maintenance of soil in the aisles under the sod of perennial grasses, the use of green manure. The main condition is the constant mowing of the grass stand. Barrel strips are processed mechanically [Fruit growing / V.A. Potapov, V.V. Faustov, F.N. Sawers and others; under the editorship of V.A. Potapova, F.N. Pilshchikova. - M .: Kolos, 2000, - 432 s].

Known mower - universal chopper KIU-2A, designed for mowing and grinding green manure fertilizers as well as herbs and weeds in gardens, selected as a prototype. The device comprises a frame, an attachment, two bevel gears, two rotors with knives, two cardan shafts and a support roller. During operation, the mower relies on skis and a skating rink to copy soil [Khatuntsev V.V. Technology and a mower for mulching near-stem strips in intensive gardens. / The dissertation for the degree of candidate of technical sciences, Michurinsk, 2009. - 161 s].

The disadvantage of this mower is that it leaves the mowed crop to form a mulching layer in the aisles. Since the bulk (94%) of the root system of fruit trees is located within a radius of 1 m from the stem, it is advisable to form a mulching layer directly in the row of trees, i.e. in the near-trunk strip. In the process of carrying out agrotechnological operations during the cultivation of plantations, grass stands in the aisle are rolled by the wheels of agricultural machines, therefore, the degree of lodging, confusion and acceptability of the grass stand is high, there are a large number of mowed (partially mown) plants. Missed (mowed) stems continue to grow. According to agricultural requirements, the grass must be mowed to a certain stage of vegetation. Reaching the stem height of more than 40 cm leads to a complication of mowing and grinding, increases the consumption of nutrients from the soil and increases the load on cultivated plants. A large number of passes leads to the need to re-pass the mower, or to increase the number of mowing operations per season, which entails an increase in costs.

The known device is not capable of mowing a crumpled confused grass stand without passes. Serial mowers generally fail to satisfactorily mow down dead and crushed stems.

The technical solution is based on the task of creating such a mower that, mowing the grass stand between the rows of perennial plantings, would send the crushed plant mass from the rows between the rows directly to the near-trunk strip to form a mulching layer, and would also be able to qualitatively carry out a cut of a light and crushed grass stand.

The problem is solved as follows.

Rotary mower - chopper consists of a mounted device, a frame mounted on the support wheels and attached to the mounted device, a casing is mounted on the frame, inside of which there are rotating knives mounted on the rotor hub, blades are mounted on the knives, and the inner space of the casing is made in the form of a snail . The casing has an outlet for the directed discharge of crushed crop, the rotor is driven from the power take-off shaft of the tractor through the driveshaft and gearbox.

New features that distinguish the design from the prototype are: blades mounted on rotating knives; the casing is made in the form of a snail; in the casing there is an outlet for ejection of crushed crop.

The device is presented graphically:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the mower; FIG. 2 is a top view of the mower; FIG. 3 - a knife with a blade; FIG. 4 is a diagram of the implementation of the technological process in practice.

The device comprises: a frame (1), an attachment (2), a gearbox (3), a rotor (4), knives (5) with blades (6), a driveshaft (7), support wheels (8), the outer part of the casing ( 9), the inner part of the casing (10), the outlet of the casing (11).

The mower operates as follows.

When the mower moves along the aisle, the grass stand is mowed and chopped with knives (5), which are rotated by the rotor (4) through the driveshaft (7) and the gearbox (3) from the tractor PTO. Blades are mounted on the knives (6). Knives with blades are located in the casing (9), the inner space of which is made in the form of a fan snail (10). The rotation of the rotor is transmitted to the blades with blades, while the air flow is excited in the cochlea. The air flow raises the adopted grass stand, the remains of branches, vines and other vegetation, i.e. raises the taken stems, reducing the angle of bed and the cutting height, which allows for better mowing with fewer passes. The mowed and ground mass enters the mower cover made in the form of a fan snail, from where, together with the directed flow of the air-grass mixture, it is discharged through the outlet opening of the casing (11) into the near-trunk zone. The cutting height is adjusted by the height of the support wheels (8).

The ejected mass in the near-trunk zone forms a mulching layer. The crushed mass rots and additionally saturates the soil with microelements and minerals (acts as organic fertilizer), reduces the need for mineral fertilizers, reduces the chemical load on the plantings and fruits, regulates the air-water regime of the soil, reduces clogging of the trunks, reduces: the need for multiple processing of the trunk strip, the use of herbicides, the application of mineral fertilizers.

Claims (1)

Rotary mower-grinder, including a frame attached to a hinged device, gearbox, rotor with knives, cardan shaft, a casing is installed on the frame, inside of which there are rotating knives mounted on the rotor hub, characterized in that the blades are mounted on rotating knives, the inner space the casing in which the knives are located is made in the form of a cochlea and has an outlet for the directed discharge of crushed plant mass.

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