RU2265969C1 - Decorative multicolor lamp with control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device with control device has emission source, diffuser, electric outputs. Emission source has at least two light diodes of different colors with given space distributions of emission and localized in space as at least one group, board and control device, containing programmed channels for separate control over emission of light diodes of each color by feeding periodically repeating power pulses, lengths of which for light diodes of different color are independent from each other, while relations of lengths of period of power pulse, its increase front, decrease and pause are determined for light diodes of each color. Diffuser, inside which board with light diodes is positioned, is made at least partially enveloping the area of effect of emission of light diodes of emission source.

EFFECT: better aesthetic and emotional effect, close to optimal psycho-physiological effect of decorative multicolor lamp with vastly improved gamma of color effects, resulting in hypnotizing effect, increase of its attractiveness, efficiency, and broadening of its functional capabilities and addition of new consumer functions, lower costs and simplified usage.

20 cl, 15 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

Technical field

This invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to light sources with control devices for multi-colored light fluxes.

State of the art

At present, decorative lamps based on both traditional light sources and LEDs are very diverse in their external design, but their aesthetic and emotional effects on humans are not always taken into account. Often they are not very attractive. The exceptions are instances made as works of art.

The significant improvement in the parameters of light-emitting diodes, observed recently, and the convenience of controlling them allowed us to begin to realize their advantages in those areas in which it was previously limited by their low lighting characteristics. Based on them, samples of luminaires and lamps are currently created and produced (see, for example, US patent No. 6257737 [1], international application WO 01/24583 [2]). In accordance with [1], white light is created by static mixing of red, green and blue (blue) radiation of LEDs without the use of any dynamic radiation control devices. Moreover, the mixing should be precise and homogeneous not only in spectrum and power, but also in space, which is achieved using the required control devices for the emission of LEDs of various colors.

A decorative lamp is known, including a glass sheath, at least two LEDs of different colors located inside the sheath, and a base installed at the base of the lamp, containing an electrode system for connecting the lamp to an electrical power supply on one side and LEDs on the other. In this case, the LED heads are made so that their radiation propagates in all directions except the base (see patent EP 0822371 [3]). Its disadvantages include the used control device, which does not allow creating a gamut of color effects, which leads to its lack of attractiveness.

US Pat. No. 6183086 [4] describes an ophthalmic device with an adjustable multi-color LED system. The device is intended for medical purposes, in particular, exposure to the patient’s eye with a fixed wavelength of radiation obtained as a result of regulation by the control device used, the program of which provides only static mixing of the radiation of LEDs of different colors.

Obviously, they leave the best impression and correspondingly more attractive lamps with a time-varying color of the glow, which are thus much more decorative.

The closest to the present invention is a decorative multi-color lamp with a control device (see international application WO 01/41514 [5]), placed in an outer casing, hermetically sealed for use in swimming pools. The radiation source of the said luminaire consists of three-color LEDs localized in three single-color groups, and a control device with a controller. The groups are placed on the board and the glow of each one-color group of LEDs is spatially separated. Power is supplied through a control device with a controller that contains programmed channels for separately controlling the emission of LEDs of each color, i.e. for separate management of monochrome groups. For each one-color group, rectangular repeating power pulses are supplied with a given pulse repetition period, the duration of its rise front, its decline and pause. According to a given program in [5], equality of durations of pulse repetition periods is provided. In addition, the initial phases of the power pulses for the first radiating color with respect to the second radiating color are different from the initial phases for the second radiating color with respect to the third radiating color by the same multiple. Such a program provides only sequential on-off switching of single-color groups of LEDs to create a sequential glow of spatially separated three colors.

The radiation source is mounted on a flat base of the inner housing of a known lamp. On one side of the base there are boards with groups of LEDs, and on the other side there is a control device with a controller. The diffuser (the cover of the inner case), through which the radiation of the LEDs passes, is fixed in the walls of the inner case, which, in turn, is fixed on the base, from the location of the LEDs. The power terminals of the control device are located and mounted outside the diffuser. The diffuser is a transparent plate, on the surface of which grooves (corrugations) are applied to obtain a more uniform and aesthetic glow of the LEDs of each one-color group. In the known luminaire under consideration [5], the LEDs of different colors are connected in series, and their radiation is not mixed due to the existing design solution. Such a lamp [5] does not produce a strong emotional effect, it is not aesthetically pleasing and attractive.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the present invention is to improve the aesthetic and emotional perception, approaching the optimality of the psychophysiological effect of a decorative multi-color lamp with a significantly expanded gamut of color effects, leading to bewitching effects, increasing its attractiveness, effectiveness, as well as expanding its functionality and adding new consumer properties, reducing the cost and simplification of its operation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a decorative multi-color lamp with a control device, including a radiation source, containing at least two LEDs of different colors with a given spatial distribution of radiation and placed with a given spatial localization, a board and a control device containing programmed channels for separate control of LED radiation each color by applying periodically repeating power pulses with a given repeatability period the power pulse, the duration of its rise, fall, and pause front lines for the LEDs of each color, as well as a diffuser, and the LEDs of different colors are spatially localized in at least one group, the control device is designed to control the emission of the LEDs in such a way that the rise and fall times are each pulse is in the range from at least 1 second to 300 seconds, the duration of the periods are in the range from at least 2 seconds to 600 seconds and for LEDs of different colors The span of the periods is independent of each other, and the pause durations are no more than 2/3 of the duration of the corresponding period, the scatterer is made surrounding at least partially the radiation propagation region of the LEDs of the radiation source, and the circuit board with LEDs is placed inside the scatterer.

The difference of the proposed decorative multi-color luminaire (hereinafter referred to as the "Lamp") is the original combination of significant distinguishing features, which consists in the non-obviousness of the relationship between the location of the elements and the materials (with their characteristics) of which the elements are made, and with the original control of the LED radiation. The choice of such a combination made it possible to produce Lamps of various wide purposes, highly reliable, optimal psychophysiological effects, significantly better aesthetic and emotional perceptions, economical, new, uncomplicated in design and quite cheap.

Note that further a group of LEDs (spatially localized LEDs of different colors) will be called a “cluster”. One programmed channel of the control device is designed to control LEDs of the same color, in the simplest case of at least one cluster, by applying periodically repeating power pulses. The number of such channels for each cluster of the radiation source is determined by at least the number of different colors included in it that emit the LEDs.

To control the LEDs of all colors of a particular cluster, a complete combination of all the channels mentioned is used. Nevertheless, one combination of channels can be used not only to control one cluster, but also any number of clusters included in the radiation source. Then they all change their color at the same time in accordance with the selected program for each color. In addition, if necessary, there are no restrictions on the use of the mentioned combination of channels for controlling clusters in more than one radiation source. In the general case, there can be several different combinations of channels, depending on the purpose and configuration of the Luminaire, both for one radiation source and for several in one Luminaire.

The proposed Lamp can be made in various modifications, its elements can also be of very different shapes, made of various materials, etc. and they will all be connected by a single common purpose.

The proposed wide range of various modifications of the Lamp determines a different number of elements of the Lamp under consideration.

So, for example, the technical result is achieved by the fact that:

- the proposed Lamp is equipped with at least one radiation source,

- the radiation source is additionally equipped with at least one control device,

- the radiation source is additionally equipped with at least one board, predetermined relative to the existing board, depending on the configuration and the number of elements of the diffuser, the number of clusters, LEDs in the cluster, the number of control devices and their location, etc.,

- the cluster (s) and / or control device (s) can be located (s) on the board (s),

- on the board (gut) the control device (s) can be located and the board can be placed inside the diffuser or outside the diffuser (the location outside the diffuser also allows simplifying the operation of the Luminaire - the control unit is easier to maintain and change),

- all control devices are located on the same board,

- each control device is located on its corresponding board,

- the diffuser may be located on the base,

- the base can be made or monolithic or composite,

- the board or boards located inside the diffuser can (gut) be located (s) both on the base and directly on the inside of the diffuser or in some other way fixed (s) inside the diffuser.

A different number of individual elements of the Lamp can be used in almost all of the modifications described below. The mutual arrangement of available and additional elements depends on the specific design of the Lamp in connection with its purpose.

Note that we are introducing ourselves into the field of tastes, feelings, emotions, perceptions, etc., where numerical values are determined on the basis of intuition and sensations, which, of course, can seriously differ for different people. We selected specific boundary values of the parameters of the power pulses of LEDs of various colors on the basis of statistical processing of intuitive estimates by different people, which may differ from person to person. Nevertheless, the observations and experiments made suggest that such estimates are justified.

The duration of the repetition period of the power pulse is understood as the sum of the durations of the pulse elements (the front of the rise of the repetitive pulse, peak, decay of the repetitive pulse) and pause, which corresponds to the total time of the completed and repeatedly repeated sequence of changes in the intensity of LEDs of any color.

In addition, we agree that if the durations of periods and elements of power pulses and pauses for LEDs of different colors of a particular source are equal for all LEDs of a particular source, then such power pulses (and their periods) are defined as the same, but independent from each other, initial phases of supply these pulses do not coincide (shifted pulses and periods). Accordingly, the programs providing the supply of these pulses will be called the same. The option when the initial phases of the power pulses coincide is possible, but it is obvious and of little interest, since in this case there is a simple ripple of the source with a color gamut close to the middle of the color chart, i.e. to white. In the future, this option is not considered.

If the duration of the periods and, accordingly, the elements of the power pulses and pauses for the LEDs of different colors of a particular source differ from each other, then such power pulses (and periods) are defined as unequal pulses (periods). Accordingly, the programs providing the supply of these pulses will be called unequal.

Achieving the effect of an almost continuous change in the color of the source is practically independent of the shape of the sequence diagram of the nutrition change. To achieve a technical result, it is necessary that the change in the power pulse from minimum to maximum and vice versa occurs relatively monotonously. Therefore, we choose between two extreme cases - from an almost rectangular trapezoidal curve to a smoothed curve that practically does not contain sections with constant values, i.e. having a character similar to sinusoidal.

The observation of pure colors or transitions between three pairs of these colors is possible if periods are observed when one of them either does not shine at all, or its intensity is negligible. Accordingly, the best effect is observed when the other one or two colors are close to their maximum values. Since obtaining pure flowers is not the main goal of the proposal, the conditions for their occurrence are not considered in detail here.

We have created a lamp that monotonously and almost continuously changes the color of the glow. This is achieved due to the fact that the change in the intensities of the LEDs of different colors occurs in accordance with the periodic patterns that do not coincide between them in at least one of the parameters.

It seems that it is for the observer that a smooth change in intensity and, accordingly, color shade is pleasant and not annoying, i.e. if this does not happen “instantly”, as in the well-known lamp [5], but during a relatively long time period.

Of course, the value of the minimum duration of the rise or fall of the power pulse (or intensity) of LEDs of a particular color, selected from 1 second, is somewhat arbitrary, but nevertheless close to the truth, since only during this or a longer time the effect becomes noticeable and attractive. This ensures the supply of a periodically repeating power pulse having intermediate shapes from a known rectangular shape, but not including it, to a sinusoidal shape, including it. Shorter times (less than 1 second) of switching on or off a particular color of the source seem to be “instantaneous” and correspond to the rectangular shape of a repeating power pulse (see [5]).

The minimum time of the period equal to 2 seconds was experimentally obtained, at which frequent blinking turns into a conditionally non-irritating smooth pulsation.

We found that with a period of more than 10 minutes or 600 seconds, the lamp will seem almost almost plain and uninteresting, because too slow a color change will occur, which is tiring and does not attract the attention of an ordinary person. Of course, it was more difficult to evaluate the upper boundary of the period, since it is more determined by the individuality of the observer.

The empirically obtained maximum value of the duration of the rise and fall front of the supply pulse is 300 s for the case when the maximum duration of the full period is 600 s and the duration of the peak and pause is minimal. Moreover, almost the entire period consists only of ups and downs, and the form of changes in the supply voltage is characterized by a sinusoidal shape.

If all three colors glow at the same time, albeit with variable intensity, it is difficult to expect the appearance of both pure colors and spectacular transitional shades between them. If the pause duration is close to zero or close to it, the change path will be located inside the color chart near the center point of white color. Such a change may also apply. To increase the likelihood of getting into the peripheral part of the diagram, the duration of pauses of any one color should be increased. Thus, the “opportunity” to shine on other colors: either two at the same time, or even one color. Pause durations can be very different, starting from the minimum to the maximum value, but not more than 2/3 of the duration of the corresponding period, since with a longer duration, noticeable “dips” in the luminescence of the lamp are often observed and thereby its attractiveness and effectiveness are reduced. Thus, in general, the proposed program, which provides a sequence of intensities of LEDs of various colors, using pauses, allows for “coverage” of the entire color chart, including its external borders (perimeter).

The independence and, consequently, the uneven duration of the pulse supply cycles for LEDs of different colors allows us to avoid noticeable repeatability of the color gamut during the operation of the lamp and thereby improve its decorativeness. However, this does not exclude the use of equal pulse durations of the same cycle shape if this is preferred for a particular application.

The proposed Lamp allows you to expand the decorative and artistic capabilities of lamps of this kind through the implementation of complex color dynamic effects using simple techniques and tools.

The technical result is achieved in that the control device can be made in the form of either a control circuit with a controller, and / or a microprocessor control system.

In this case, the technical result is achieved in that the controller can be equipped with either an inserted micro-card, or a micro switch, or an optical sensor for quick and easy change of the cyclogram.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the electrical leads can be either power leads for a control device located inside the Lamp, or control leads for a control device located outside the Lamp.

When using the controller, the form of cyclograms, due to the limited memory capacity of the controller, will be the most simple, not requiring significant resources. When using microprocessor control devices, it is possible to implement significantly more complex options for cyclograms, but they will increase the cost of the Lamp.

In addition, various modifications of controllers, microprocessor systems with a different number of program channels can be used to implement the various programs we have proposed, characterized by the durations of the rise and fall edges of each pulse, which are in the range from at least 1 second to 300 seconds, and durations of periods that are in the range from at least 2 seconds to 600 seconds, and the fact that for LEDs of different colors, the duration of the periods are independent of each other, as well as the duration of the pauses, which are not more less than 2/3 of the duration of the corresponding period.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed Lamp the program allows the simultaneous emission of LEDs of at least one color.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed Lamp the program provides simultaneous emission of LEDs of no more than two colors. In this case, the color change occurs along the periphery of the color chart with the participation of transitions exclusively between three pairs of pure colors, which are the most contrasting and spectacular, including these colors themselves.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed lamp there are the same control programs for various radiation sources.

Various modifications of the proposed program and program channels are possible, which can improve the aesthetic and emotional perception, bring the psychophysiological effect of the decorative Lamp closer to optimality due to the soothing flow of a significantly expanded gamut of color effects, leading to a bewitching effect, increasing its attractiveness, effectiveness.

Further, various modifications of the Lamp are proposed, due to the different relative positions of its elements.

In one of the modifications of the Luminaire, the technical result is achieved in that the diffuser is made in the form of a plafond of any shape, completely closed or partially open.

The clusters are located in such a way that the light fluxes of the LEDs are distributed either over the entire surface of the diffuser-lamp, or in part or parts thereof. The luminous external surface of the diffuser-plafond in accordance with a given program is poured by the colors of light changing with time.

In another modification of the Luminaire, the technical result is achieved in that the diffuser is made in the form of a reflector, which may take the form of either a dome, or a bowl, or any other shape.

A modification of the Luminaire is possible, in which the technical result is achieved by the fact that the diffuser is made in the form of a combination of a plafond and a reflector, the diffuser-plafond at least partially located inside the diffuser-reflector, groups of LEDs are placed inside the plafond so that at least part of their light flows at least partially distributed over the surface of the diffuser-lamp and diffuser-reflector.

With this modification, the colors of the reflector and the ceiling, although they change continuously in time, nevertheless always coincide, which helps to enhance the aesthetic and emotional perception of the Lamp.

The following modification of the Luminaire is possible, in which the technical result is achieved by the fact that the diffuser is made in the form of a combination of a plafond and a reflector, and the radiation source has at least one group of LEDs located inside the plafond and at least one other group of LEDs placed between the diffuser - a plafond and a diffuser-reflector with light fluxes mainly distributed over the surface of the diffuser-reflector.

Some modification of the last modification is proposed. In this case, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed Lamp between the diffuser-plafond and the LEDs located between the diffuser-plafond and the diffuser-reflector, there is additionally a screen made of opaque material, at least one surface of the screen is reflective. The screen is designed to prevent at least partially mutual illumination of the diffuser-reflector and diffuser-plafond. The reflecting surface can be performed, for example, from the side of the diffuser-reflector, which allows you to enhance the radiating effect created by the LEDs located between the screen and the diffuser-reflector.

Such modifications seem very attractive due to the contrast of the colors of the elements of the Lamp, which increases its aesthetic and emotional impact.

The technical result is achieved in that the diffuser is made either transmitting, or reflecting, or partially transmitting and partially reflecting the radiation of the LEDs and at the same time is either diffusing, or refracting, or at the same time refracting and scattering.

To obtain the mentioned combinations of optical characteristics, the proposed diffusers can be made of various materials, can have different coatings, surface conditions, their walls can have different internal properties, or they can be made in a certain constructive way. As a result, optimization of the claimed technical result is achieved.

In previous versions, in which there is a diffuser-lamp, the technical result is achieved by the fact that the material of the diffuser-lamp can be, for example, either milk-colored glass, or plastic, at least partially transparent, including milk-colored, or some other material that is simultaneously transmissive, refractive and diffusing, or faceted glassy material, such as faceted glass or faceted crystal, which is more refractive. In this case, the diffuser can be of any shape. It can be made in the form of a ball, ellipsoid, cylinder, cube, various figures, candles, toys, dolls and other arbitrary configurations.

In previous versions, in which there is a diffuser-reflector, the technical result is achieved in that the output cross section of the diffuser-reflector (its output aperture) can be a circle, ellipse, letter, number or have any other arbitrary shape. In this case, the diffuser-reflector and the LEDs of the radiation source are positioned so that the diffuser-reflector surrounds at least partially the propagation region of the LEDs.

To achieve a technical result, it is proposed that the inner surface of the diffuser-reflector be performed not only reflective, which allows to obtain the most powerful reflection effect along with radiation scattering, but also diffusely reflective, including matte, having a large component of the scattering effect, which allows for a softer and more even radiation .

To achieve a technical result, it is proposed that the diffuser be made of partially transmissive and partially reflective material. The radiation of the LEDs in such a luminaire will partially reflect from the surface of the diffuser and partially pass through its walls.

In addition, the technical result is achieved by the fact that a film is placed in the output aperture of the diffuser, including a polarizing interfering one. Such a film can be placed in the output aperture of a partially open diffuser-lamp and / or diffuser-reflector.

In the next modification of the Luminaire, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the output aperture of the diffuser there is a ceiling in the form of a cover of light-scattering material. It is desirable to have a part of the LEDs whose emission axes are mainly perpendicular to the surface of the lid. Diffuser-cover - the cover can have various shapes: concave, convex, flat, and some other arbitrary shape.

In such a modification, the technical result is achieved in that the cap is made in the form of a lens of a faceted diffusing glassy material or in the form of a film, in particular polarizing interfering.

The mixing of the light emitting diodes of different colors in the proposed lamp takes place in the internal volume of the diffuser, on its surfaces and inside its walls.

Such Lamps are very effective, aesthetic.

For any proposed modification of the Lamp, the technical result is achieved by the fact that at least its radiation source and electrical leads are sealed.

Such a luminaire can be used either in conditions of potentially high humidity, for example, for landscape lighting, or when it is completely submerged under water, for example, in various floating or immersed objects, i.e. expanded functionality and added new consumer properties of the Lamp.

Also, for any proposed modification of the Lamp, the technical result is achieved in that it is additionally equipped with pipelines for supplying liquid to the diffuser, a recirculation system with a pump and a reservoir for collecting liquid.

Such a modification has additional attractiveness, since in addition to using the properties of a liquid, including water, to additionally scatter light from a radiation source immersed in a liquid, the Lamp effect is significantly increased here due to a reflecting (diffusely reflecting) wall (including partially reflecting and partially transmitting) of the diffuser-reflector itself. It also expanded functionality and added new consumer properties of the Lamp - it can be used in the form of a fountain, a water wall, including those containing elements of an advertising medium, etc.

The technical result is also achieved in that the shape of the base can be different, for example flat, convex, concave, convex-concave or any other shape, including monolithic or composite, corresponding to the required modification of the Lamp, the distribution of LEDs, groups of LEDs on the surfaces of the base to obtain a given distribution of light fluxes on the inner surface of the diffuser.

The proposed decorative multi-color lamp has a new original combination of elements, new parts of elements, which, combined with the original, non-obvious and new proposed program of the control device, allows us to conclude that the invention is new and has an inventive step. We consider it necessary to emphasize its simplicity and low cost when using the simplest PIC-controllers, which determines its wide applicability in everyday life, in new small forms.

The implementation of the invention is not difficult, its elements are simple to manufacture, their production technology is known, they are cheap and replaceable. The proposal meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The proposed Lamp allows you to get a soft, even diffused (calm) light with a constantly changing color scheme, which creates a feeling of calm and has a beneficial effect on emotional perception. Fascinating, almost unpredictable, relatively slow and almost monotonous change in color scheme provides true decorativeness and at the same time is optimal in psychophysiological effect.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention is illustrated by figures 1-15.

Figure 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a lamp with a diffuser in the form of a classic ceiling lamp.

In Fig.2 schematically shows a cross section of the Lamp in accordance with Fig.1, made on the widest part of the diffuser-lampshade depicted in Fig.1.

Figure 3 schematically depicts for option 1 (see table) the cyclogram of periodically repeating pulses of emission of red LEDs - cyclogram 1, blue - cyclogram 2, green - cyclogram 3.

Figure 4 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a lamp with a diffuser in the form of a lampshade.

Figure 5 schematically shows a cross section of the Lamp in accordance with Figure 4, made in the housing, and the plane of the cut is below the location of the diffuser-lamp and above the vertices of the LEDs.

Figure 6 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the Lamp with a diffuser in the form of a reflector in the form of a bowl.

Figure 7 schematically shows a top view of the left half of the Lamp in accordance with Figure 6 with the screen removed and a cross section of the right half of the same Lamp made along the upper edge of the groove for boards with LEDs in the side wall of the base.

On Fig schematically shows a longitudinal section of the Lamp with a diffuser in the form of a reflector in the form of a bowl, in the output aperture of which a diffuser-dome is mounted - a faceted glass lens.

Fig. 9 schematically shows a top view of the left half of the Lamp in accordance with Fig. 8 and a top view when the plafond of the right half of the same Lamp is removed.

Figure 10 schematically shows a longitudinal section of the Lamp with a diffuser in the form of a combination of a diffuser-lamp and a diffuser-reflector with a radiation source inside the diffuser-lamp.

Figure 11 schematically shows a cross-section of the Lamp in accordance with Figure 10, made on the plane of the edge of the output aperture of the diffuser-reflector.

On Fig schematically shows a longitudinal section of the Lamp with a diffuser in the form of a combination of a diffuser-lamp and diffuser-reflector, with radiation sources both inside the diffuser-lamp and between the diffuser-reflector and the diffuser-lamp.

On Fig schematically shows a cross-section of the Lamp in accordance with Fig, namely its left half, made on the widest part of the diffuser-lamp, shown in Fig, and the right half of the same Lamp, made on the upper edge of the groove for circuit boards with LEDs in the side wall of the base.

On Fig schematically shows a longitudinal section of the Lamp with a diffuser in the form of a combination of diffuser-lamp and diffuser-reflector, with one radiation source inside the diffuser-lamp and another radiation source between the diffuser-reflector and diffuser-lamp and with a screen made of opaque material.

On Fig is schematically depicted on the left side of the figure, a top view of the Lamp, the diffuser (-shade and -reflector) which is made in the form of the letter "O", and on the right side of the figure is a top view with the lampshade removed.

Embodiments of the invention

The invention is further illustrated by specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The above examples of the manufacture of the Lamp are not unique and suggest the presence of other implementations, the features of which are reflected in the totality of the features of the claims.

Consider the first modification. The proposed Lamp (see Fig. 1, 2) contains a radiation source including LEDs 1 and a control device 2 - in this case, a control circuit with a controller 2 (hereinafter “control circuit 2”). LEDs 1 are arranged in three groups 3, hereinafter referred to as clusters 3, three LEDs 1 of different colors (for example, red, blue and green) in each cluster 3. Clusters 3 are located at the corners of the triangle on board 4, and in the middle there is a diagram control 2. Board 4 is placed on the base 5 inside the diffuser-lamp 6 made of milk glass, having the shape of a ball, also fixed on the base 5. In this case, the base 5 is composite: on its first part is placed a board 4, between the first and second parts os Hovhan 5 fixed lens-cover 6.

The electrical leads 7, in this case, the power leads 7, through an opening 8, coaxial with the central axis of the base 5, are connected to a DC power source (not shown in FIG. 3). The power source can be a converter of alternating mains voltage 220 V to DC voltage with a nominal value, for example, 5 V, 9 V, 12 V. In this case, the diffuser-lamp 6 will be illuminated in a predetermined manner by mixing the emissions of LEDs 1 of different colors as in the volume inside diffuser-lamp 6, and on its surfaces and in its walls. LEDs 1 have the required radiation directivity range.

Next, we consider various options for the proposed lamp.

It is generally recognized that a radiation source that uses LEDs 1 of three primary colors, namely red, blue and green, allows you to get the largest number of colors and shades visible to the human eye. Therefore, here we are considering precisely this version of the color set of LEDs 1. Variants of using several sources of radiation and / or other sets of colors of LEDs 1 are possible and some of them have been tested, and the technical result that we determined earlier was obtained. A mixture of emissions of LEDs 1 of different colors occurs during the propagation of radiation in the internal volume of the diffuser, i.e. inside the diffuser lamp 6, on its surfaces and inside its walls.

The power management of the LEDs 1 is carried out in accordance with the specified programs for the periodic supply of power pulses, the pulse repetition periods of which are independent for the LEDs 1 of different colors. The variants of the programs given here are summarized in the Table, but they are not the only ones and suggest the presence of other variants of the programs that are specified, the features of which are reflected in the totality of the features of the claims. Changes in the power pulses in time for the LEDs 1 of each color correspond to changes in the intensities of their emissions, which can be illustrated by a sequence of periodic pulses of the radiation intensities for the LEDs 1 of each color (see Figure 3 for Option 1, which is indicated in columns 1-8 of row 1 of the Table )

Table Option No. The durations of the pulse repetition periods and pulse elements for LEDs 1 in various colors - sequentially: red, blue, green sec The coincidence of the durations of the pulse repetition periods Figure No. Full period 2 to 600 sec Rise front From 1 to 300 sec Recession 1 to 300 sec Top sec Pause Not more than 2/3 of the period 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 7-9-6 1 1 3-4-2 2-3-2 - 3 2 12-15-18 3 3 Share sec 2-1-4 - - 3 12-15-18 3 3 Share sec 7-9-12 - - 4 12-12-12 6-6-6 6-6-6 Share sec Share sec + -

To achieve the technical result of the proposal, both the total duration of each pulse repetition period and the duration of its elements, i.e. pulse shape and pause duration, each of which can also be changed independently. In addition, options for the coincidence of the durations of periods (when they are independent of each other) and the shapes of the pulses are also considered, since they allow you to get new interesting color effects.

Columns 2 - 6 of the Table record the durations of periods and elements of repeated pulses sequentially for each color: red, blue, green, which corresponds to the positions in the cyclograms: 9 - circles (radiation intensity of red LEDs), 10 - triangles (radiation intensity of blue LEDs), 11 - squares (radiation intensity of green LEDs).

Each cyclogram includes a sequence of repeated radiation pulses (which corresponds to changes in the supply pulses) of LEDs 1, consisting of the elements: pulse rise front (corresponds to column 3 of the Table), pulse top, possibly extended (corresponds to column 5 of the Table), pulse decline (corresponds to column 4 of the Table ) and a pause (corresponding to column 6 of the Table) during which the signal is absent in the cases considered by us (it can also be very small).

In all versions of the programs under consideration, the duration of the rise and fall fronts of the pulse is significant - 1 second or more, therefore its shape differs from the classical rectangular one and can take the form of a trapezoid, a pyramid, or look like a sinusoid. The main thing is that the change in the supply pulse from minimum to maximum and vice versa occurs relatively monotonously, i.e. rather smoothly, without sudden jumps (for example, in the well-known prototype solution [5], when the power is turned on and off for the duration of the rise and fall front (in the known case [5] - cut), the momentum is much less than 1 microsecond, while there is a blinking, there is no smooth change in the color scheme). For simplicity, in the given examples of programs, cyclograms in the form of trapezoids or curves similar to a sinusoid are considered, when the length of the vertex and the duration of the pause can be extremely small. The final result depends on the nature of the curve.

In the first option (row 1 of the Table and FIG. 3), three programs are controlled, for which not only the durations of the pulse repetition periods are independent for the LEDs 1 of different colors, but also the durations of all pulse elements and pauses are independent. The color change will occur along an almost unpredictable trajectory with a conditionally “chaotic” sequence for the observer in accordance with the entire internal region of the color scheme and its boundaries, including pure colors. Options 2, 3, 4 differ from option 1 in the durations of the various phases (cyclograms are not shown in the figures).

In option 2, the cyclogram (not shown in the figures) provides almost constant simultaneous illumination of the LEDs 1 of all (three) colors (with a minimum length of the vertex and short durations of pauses), then the sequence of color change will occur along a less predictable path mainly inside the color chart in conditionally " chaotic ”sequence for the observer, and at the same time the gamut of colors will be expanded.

An increase in the length of the pause leads to a noticeable “dip” in the glow of the corresponding color. If the pause durations are high for all colors, the intensity of the Lamp as a whole can be noticeably reduced, which is undesirable. Therefore, the duration of pauses is limited from above by a value of 2/3 of the total duration of the corresponding period. For example, see option 3 (not shown in the figures), where pause durations have values close to this value (2/3).

In option 4, with the minimum values of the lengths of the peaks and durations of pauses, we obtain a sinusoidal change in the radiation intensities of LEDs 1 (not shown in the figures).

Reducing the duration of pauses leads to an even more significant shift of the resulting color to the center of the chart, i.e. in the white area. The appearance of pure flowers in this case is quite rare. This option is also of interest, for example, in the case of a decorative Lamp operating in the dark, such as a home night lamp or landscape Lamp. Variable shades of white color will not be annoying on the one hand, and on the other hand, such Lamps will be more attractive than commonly used for these purposes.

Obviously, the proposed approach to the design of the program allows you to implement any desired sequence diagram corresponding to the specific application or desire of the consumer.

In the considered modification of the Lamp, the delivered technical result was achieved: improving the aesthetic and emotional perception, approaching the optimality of the psychophysiological effect of the Lamp with a significantly expanded range of color effects, leading to a bewitching effect, increasing its attractiveness, effectiveness, as well as expanding its functionality and adding new consumer properties , cost reduction and simplification of its operation.

Consider the following modification. A lamp is proposed, the diffuser-lamp 6 of which is made of frosted glass in the form of an incandescent lamp (see Figs. 4 and 5), mounted in the lamp housing 12, provided with a base 13, typical of an incandescent lamp. The power terminals 7 (not shown in FIGS. 4 and 5) of the control circuit 2 are connected to an electric power source (not shown in the figures) via a cap 13. In the case of an AC source, the control circuit 2 is additionally equipped with an integrated miniature converter (in FIG. 4 and 5 is not shown) an alternating mains voltage to a direct current voltage for supplying the actual control circuit 2. Base 5 is installed in base 12. Base 5 is fixed to board 4, on which one cluster 3 is placed, containing three LEDs 1 of three different colors s: red, blue, green, and under board 4 there is a control circuit 2 with a controller with a program task, for example, according to option 1. When the Luminaire is working, the emissions of LEDs 1 of different colors are mixed both in the volume inside the lamp diffuser-plafond 6 and on its surfaces and in its walls. LEDs 1 have the required radiation directivity range.

Such a design is convenient to use, simple, cheap, and can be used both singly and in various combinations. In this design, standard lamp bases of various sizes can be used.

Other combinations are possible as the number of LEDs 1 in clusters 3, the number of clusters 3, and their shape and their location depending on the problem being solved.

In the following modification (see FIGS. 6 and 7), the Luminaire diffuser is made in the form of a diffuser-reflector 14, having the shape of faience-forming bowls, with a circular aperture output aperture, with an inner surface of reflecting and scattering radiation of LEDs. In the area of the supposed top of the forming cups of the diffuser-reflector 14, one part of the composite base 5 is placed in the centered hole. The LEDs 1, three of different colors (red, blue, green) are arranged in six separate rulers mounted on the corresponding six boards 4, located on the upper side parts of the base 5, forming a hexagon.

All LEDs 1 are mounted so that their radiation axes are mainly directed to the inner surface of the diffuser-reflector 14. The control circuit 2 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 5. The power leads 7 are led out of the base 5 (see the first modification) to a DC power source (on 7 is not shown). A light-tight screen 15 is fixed in the upper part of the base 5 so as not to see the unmixed radiation of the LEDs 1. The diffusely reflecting surface of the screen 15 faces the diffuser-reflector 14. When the Luminaire is operating according to the program proposed in the present invention, the light emitted from the LEDs 1 of different colors is mixed in volume limited diffuser-reflector 14 and the screen 15, and on their inner surfaces and in part of the depths of their walls. The LEDs 1 have the desired radiation directivity range, and their axis are mainly directed to the inner surface of the diffuser-reflector 14.

The following modification of the Luminaire (see Figs. 8 and 9) differs from the previous one in that six lines of LEDs 1 on the six boards 4 forming a hexagon are located on the upper surface of the base 5, and the control circuit 2 on the board 4 is installed in a recess in the middle of the base between boards 4 with clusters; no lightproof screen 15; a cover 16 (diffuser-dome 6) in the form of a faceted crystal lens is mounted in the output aperture of the diffuser-reflector bowl 14. The LEDs 1 can be installed in various ways, but the greatest effect is obtained when the LEDs 1 are installed so that their radiation simultaneously hits the diffuser-reflector 14 and the cover 16. This is achieved, for example, by using LEDs 1 with a wide radiation angle, for example, more than 90 °. Here, when the Luminaire operates according to one of the programs proposed in the present invention, the emissions of LEDs 1 of different colors are mixed in the volume limited by the diffuser-reflector 14 and the cover 16, on the inner surface and in part of the depth of the walls with the diffuser-reflector 14 and in the refracting cover 16.

It is possible to modify the two previous versions of the Lamp so that on each board 4, for each cluster 3 of LEDs 1, individual independent control circuits are installed. The color schemes of such Lamps are unpredictable and spectacular.

Another modification of the Luminaire, the longitudinal and transverse sections of which are shown schematically in Figs. 10 and 11, differs from the first modification (see Figs. 1 and 2) in that an aluminum alloy diffuser-reflector 14 having an inner frosted textured micro-relief surface is additionally introduced. and surrounding the lower part of the diffuser lamp 6, made of milk-colored plastic. The diffuser-reflector 14 is made in the form of a bowl with a hole in the middle for fixing in the base 5. At the same time, part of the non-sharp radiation passing through the diffuser-lamp 6 is reflected from the diffusely reflecting surface of the diffuser-reflector 14. During operation of the Luminaire according to one of the the present invention of the programs, mixing occurs in all volumes of the parts of the diffuser, as well as on the surface and part of the wall thickness of the diffuser-reflector 14 and on the surfaces and inside the walls of the diffuser-lamp 6. This lamp has emits soft and unobtrusive radiation while maintaining high efficiency.

The following modification (see Figs. 12 and 13) differs from the previous one in that between the diffuser-lamp 6 and the diffuser-reflector 14, LEDs 1 are additionally installed along the side surface of the base 5 in the form of six rulers, which are controlled by a second separate control circuit 2 (on 16, 17 not shown), i.e. There are two independent radiation sources.

During operation, with different and time-varying luminescence intensities of the LEDs 1 of each particular radiation source, mutually partially miscible continuously varying color gamut appears in the parts of the diffuser. Such mixing occurs in the volumes of the parts of the diffuser, as well as on the surfaces and part of the wall thickness of the diffuser-reflector 14 and on the surfaces and inside the walls of the diffuser-lamp 6. In the volume of the diffuser-lamp 6, a more enhanced effect of the radiation source installed in the diffuser-lamp will be observed 6, and in the volume of the diffuser-reflector 14 - the radiation source installed in the diffuser-reflector 14.

If the sources of radiation installed in different volumes of the diffuser use programs that implement various color changes over time, then such a Lamp as a whole has an exceptional decorative effect associated with the dynamic contrast of color schemes observed in two volumes of the diffuser.

If the radiation sources installed in different volumes of the diffuser use programs that implement matching color changes over time, then such a Lamp has increased efficiency, although it is less decorative.

The modification shown in Fig. 14 differs from the previous one in that a metal light-tight screen 15 is inserted between the diffuser-lamp 6 of milk glass and the LEDs 1 located between the diffuser-lamp 6 and the metal diffuser-reflector 14 with diffusely reflecting internal surface. The lower surface of the screen 15 facing the diffuser-reflector is made reflective. Moreover, when working on the proposed program, the radiation of the LEDs 1 located in the side of the base 5 does not fall on the surface of the diffuser-lamp 6 and amplifies, reflected from the mirror surface of the screen 15, and the radiation of the LEDs 1 placed inside the diffuser-lamp 6 does not fall on the surface of the diffuser-reflector 14, at least on the part that is covered by the screen 15. Otherwise, mixing of the emissions of the LEDs 1 installed inside the diffuser-lamp 6 and between the diffuser-lamp is practically prevented Onom 6 and diffuser-reflector 14 with sufficient lamp efficiency.

Modification is possible using several radiation sources with independent control of different sources, and screens are installed between them, dividing the internal volume of the Lamp into various sectors, which will be illuminated with different colors. In these cases, control can be carried out through independent channels or using one or more control devices.

Modifications are possible with other color sets of LEDs 1 to create different color effects. Other combinations are possible: the number of LEDs 1 of different colors in the clusters, the number of clusters and their shape, their location depending on the problem being solved.

Other various modifications of the Lamp proposed by us are possible, for example, various forms of diffusers, LED arrangements, etc.

So, for example, the ceiling 6 can be made in the form of a toy, for example, figures of a doll-matryoshka, a glass or a cylinder made of partially transmissive light-scattering material (not shown in the figures).

Modifications of the proposed Lamp in the form of any letters, numbers are possible. The figure 15 shows a longitudinal section of the letter "O". In the output aperture of the metal casing of the diffuser-reflector 14, a diffuser-lamp 6 is installed in the form of a cover 16 made of matte plastic. On the basis of the diffuser-reflector 14, boards 4 with clusters of 3 LEDs 1 are evenly placed throughout the entire length of the case — three LEDs of different colors in each line. Inscriptions and advertising signs from such letters will be much more attractive, since the color of these letters will change continuously and unpredictably, and at the request of the consumer it can be either a synchronous color change for all letters or inscription signs, or each of them is controlled by an independent program.

Almost all proposed modifications with proper sealing of at least the radiation source and electrical leads can be operated in a humid environment.

Of interest are various floating or water-immersed toys with illuminated parts, the colors of which change in accordance with independent programs. Examples of such toys include balls, boats, flowers, and many other items.

In all modifications, it is possible to use the proposed variants of control devices 2, both stand-alone (control circuit with controller 2 or miniature microprocessor control system 2), and external (mainly microprocessor control system 2) using the corresponding electrical leads 7 (power leads 7 for stand-alone control devices 2 and control terminals 7 for external control devices 7).

The proposed modifications to the Luminaire may differ in the performance of the controller of the control circuit 2. In one of them, the controller is equipped with an inserted micro-card, in the other - a micro switch, in the third - an optical sensor. The claimed control conditions can be implemented in all versions of the controller.

In the considered versions of the Lamp, the set technical result was achieved: improving the aesthetic and emotional perception, approaching the optimality of the psychophysiological effects of the Lamp with a significantly expanded range of color effects, leading to a bewitching effect, increasing its attractiveness, effectiveness, as well as expanding its functionality and adding new consumer properties , cost reduction and simplification of its operation.

The proposed Lamp allows you to expand the decorative and artistic capabilities of lamps of this kind through the implementation of complex color dynamic effects using simple techniques and tools. In addition, it is perceived as truly decorative, its glow is aesthetically pleasing and it has a strong emotional effect, improving the psychophysiological (psychophysical) state of the individual.

Industrial applicability

The present invention allows you to create quite simple to manufacture, inexpensive, affordable for a wide range of use by various segments of the population and at the same time very effective and attractive, beautifully aesthetically and emotionally perceived by people of different temperaments, decorative Lamps with a very expanded range of color effects, which determined the variety of their use as in the interiors of apartments, offices, cafes, restaurants, shops, theaters, concert halls, as well as for window dressing and a hundred Ikov in shops, cafes, restaurants, clubs, hotels and other facilities, buildings, facilities and structures, and in addition as an adjunct to medical and spa facilities.

Sources of information

1. US patent 6257737 (MARSHALL, T .; PASHLEY, M .; HERMAN, S .; US), 07/10/2001, 362/231, F 21 V 9/00.

2. International application WO 01/24583 (TRANSPORTATION AND ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE LTD., KR), 04/05/2001, H 05 B 33/00.

3. Patent EP 0822371 (HIYOSHI ELECTRIC CO., LTD., JP), 02.02.98, F 21 P 3/00.

4. U.S. Patent 6183086 (BAUSCH & LOMB SURGICAL, INC., US) 02/06/2001, 351/221, A 61 B 3/10.

5. International application WO 01/41514 (RUTHENBERG, D., US), 06/07/2001, H 05 B 37/00.

Claims (17)

1. Decorative multi-color lamp with a control device, comprising a radiation source, containing at least two LEDs of different colors with a given spatial distribution of radiation and placed with a given spatial localization, a circuit board and a control device containing programmed channels for controlling the emission of LEDs of each color by periodically feeding repeating power pulses with a predetermined repetition period of the power pulse, the duration of its rise front, the recession and pause for the LEDs of each color, as well as including a diffuser, characterized in that the LEDs of different colors are spatially localized in at least one group, the control device is designed to control the emission of the LEDs in such a way that the rise and fall times of each power pulse are in in the range from at least 1 to 300 s, the durations of the periods are in the range from at least 2 to 600 s, and for LEDs of different colors, the durations of the periods are independent of each other, and for The pause durations are no more than 2/3 of the duration of the corresponding period, the diffuser is made surrounding at least partially the radiation propagation region of the LEDs of the radiation source, and the circuit board with LEDs is placed inside the diffuser. 2. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one radiation source. 3. The lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the radiation source is additionally equipped with at least one board. 4. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the diffuser is made either transmitting, or reflecting, or partially transmitting and partially reflecting the radiation of the LEDs, and at the same time is either diffusing, or refracting, or at the same time refracting and scattering. 5. The lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the diffuser is made in the form of a lampshade, of arbitrary shape, completely closed or partially open. 6. The lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the diffuser is made in the form of a reflector. 7. The lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the diffuser is made in the form of a combination of a ceiling and a reflector, the ceiling being at least partially located inside the reflector, groups of LEDs are placed inside the ceiling so that at least part of their light flux is at least partially distributed over the surface of the ceiling and reflector. 8. The lamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the diffuser is made in the form of a combination of a lampshade and a reflector, and the radiation source has at least one group of LEDs located inside the lampshade, and at least one other group of LEDs placed between the lampshade and a reflector with light fluxes predominantly distributed over the surface of the reflector. 9. The lamp according to any one of paragraphs.5, 7 and 8, characterized in that the ceiling material is either milk glass or plastic at least partially transparent. 10. The lamp according to any one of paragraphs.5, 7 and 8, characterized in that the ceiling is made of faceted glassy material. 11. The lamp according to any one of paragraphs.6, 7 and 8, characterized in that the inner surface of the reflector is diffusely reflective. 12. The lamp according to any one of paragraphs.5-8, characterized in that a film is placed in the output aperture of the open lampshade and / or reflector. 13. The lamp of claim 8, characterized in that there is additionally a screen made of opaque material placed between the ceiling and the LEDs located between the ceiling and the reflector, at least one surface of the screen is reflective. 14. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the diffuser and / or the circuit board located inside the diffuser are located on the base, made, or monolithic, or composite. 15. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the radiation source is sealed. 16. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with pipelines for supplying liquid to the diffuser, a recirculation system with a pump and a reservoir for collecting liquid. 17. The lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the radiation source is equipped with at least one control device.

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