RU2263437C1 - Mechanism for orienting of sugar beet parent plants for planting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, mechanism for orienting of beet parent plants before feeding thereof into cones of planting wheels within planting machine.

SUBSTANCE: mechanism for orienting of sugar beet parent plants is formed as inclined board arranged between hopper chute and mechanism for placing of parent plants within planting wheels of planting machine. Said board consists of two parts narrowing toward exit. Said parts are freely conjugated and inclined at different angles relative to horizontal plane. First part is inclined at an angle exceeding by 5-10% an angle of rest of pit for parent plants. First part is equipped with vibrator and is spring-loaded. Second part of board is arranged at an angle equal to or exceeding said angle of rest by at least 5-10% and is divided into two branches terminating in cylindrical troughs, which are communicating with accumulating pipes of planting wheels. Bottoms of both parts of board are equipped with longitudinal guiding ribs.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability in operation and simplified construction of parent plant orienting mechanism.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to orientation mechanisms of queen cells before refueling them in the cones of the landing wheels of the landing machine.

Known machines for planting mother liquors of sugar beets [1] VPM-4 and VS-4, which are widely used in agriculture. The main disadvantage of these machines is the large proportion of manual labor that is expended during landing. This is because the planters manually fill the cones of the landing wheels with queen cells. In addition, the work of planting workers is associated with a certain risk due to the presence of a large number of moving mechanisms around the workplace.

Known landing apparatus [2], in which the orientation of the queen cells is carried out using counter-rotating rollers with winding. Planting material comes from the hopper to the rotating rollers, where it is oriented in a vertical position. Next, the mother liquors enter the landing tube, from where they are pushed into the soil in a oriented position and sealed. The disadvantage of the apparatus is the lack of reliability of the orientation of the mother liquors of sugar beets. The number of mother liquors planted down by the head is 8-10%.

This is because the orientation of the mother liquors of a conical (or close to conical) shape is most appropriate with the head down, since the center of gravity of the mother liquor is shifted toward the head. The use of the upward orientation in said apparatus leads to insufficient orientation reliability, since arbitrary self-orientation of the queen cells with the head down due to the moment of forces arising due to the displaced center of gravity is possible.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is the orientation mechanism of the mother liquors of sugar beet planting machine [3]. The machine’s orientation mechanism is made in the form of an inclined plane (board) with a triangular prism fixed on it and a V-belt conveyor with pulleys, the diameter of which increases from the middle of the conveyor to its edges.

Orientation on an inclined plane is due to the triangular prism. If the mother liquor goes downside down, it slides along the prism and falls backward on the extreme belts of the conveyor. Due to the different speeds of the conveyor belts, the mother liquor will be turned along the conveyor with the spine forward. If the mother liquor goes head down, then, moving on an inclined plane, its head engages in a trihedral prism, and the spine unfolds and also falls on the extreme belts of the conveyor, which orientes it with the spine forward.

The disadvantage of the described device for orientation is its unreliability, due to the fact that in addition to the described cases of interaction of the mother liquor and the prism, other cases are possible, for example, the mother liquor falls on the edge of the prism and bounces it in any arbitrary direction. It is possible for the mother liquor to fall on the prism in the transverse direction, at which the orientation will be stochastic. When the apparatus is operated in the field, the shaking and vibration of the machine will also affect the orientation results. As a result of the described reasons, 10-12% of mother liquors are planted head down, which leads to a decrease in productivity. The orientation mechanism, in addition, is complex in design, metal and energy intensive.

The present invention is aimed at improving the reliability of orientation of the sugar beet mother liquors and simplifying the design of the mechanism by using the properties of the conical mother liquor to self-orient under the action of the shifted center of gravity.

The problem is solved in that in the orientation mechanism of the sugar beet queen cells, including the inclined board located between the hopper tray and the storage tubes of the queen beet laying mechanism in the landing wheels, the inclined board is made in the form of two sections tapering towards the exit, freely jointed and differently inclined to the horizon, the first of which are inclined at an angle of 5-10% less than the angle of repose of the queen bead, is equipped with a vibrator and spring-loaded, and the second is located at an angle equal to or 5-10% more than the angle of natural tkosa, and is divided into two sleeves, ending in cylindrical grooves communicating with the pipe-storage wheels of the landing wheels, while the bottoms of both of these sections are provided with longitudinal guide ribs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 presents a side view of the mechanism, figure 2 is a top view of the mechanism. In Fig.1, 2 only the technological scheme of the device is presented: 1 - hopper, 2 - beet feed conveyors, 3 - tray, 4 - landing wheels (bookmark mechanism, mechanism for pushing queen cells into the soil, the device for incorporating queen cells into the soil is not shown in the diagram) .

The orientation mechanism of the sugar beet queen cells is made in the form of an inclined board with sides divided into two sections 5 and 6 tapering towards the exit. Board sections 5 and 6 are freely (with a gap) articulated to each other and set to the horizon with different angles of inclination.

The orientation mechanism is installed in the landing machine between the tray 3 of the hopper 1 and the storage tubes 12 of the mechanism for laying the queen cells into the landing wheels.

Section 5 of the board is inclined to the horizon level at an angle of 5-10% less than the angle of repose of the beet queen beet. This is necessary in order to provide the necessary time for the self-orientation of the queen cells on the board. If the angle is greater than or equal to the angle of slope, then the mother liquor will slide off the board, not having time to orient. Section 5 of the board is spring-loaded with springs 7 and is equipped with a vibrator 8.

Section 6 of the board is located at an angle of 5-10% more than the angle of repose to ensure the supply of the oriented mother liquor to the bookmark mechanism and consists of two sleeves 9, 10, through which the beet mothers are fed into the landing wheels 4. The sleeves 9, 10 end with cylindrical grooves 11 communicating with pipes drives 12 landing wheels.

The bottoms of sections 5 and 6 of the board are provided with longitudinal guide ribs 13, which facilitate directional orientation and counteract misorientation during shocks and shocks.

The orientation mechanism works as follows. The mother liquor, falling on the board portion 5 in an arbitrary position, under the action of the moment of forces arising on an inclined plane due to the displaced center of gravity of the mother liquor, immediately begins to occupy a position in which the center of gravity would be at the lowest point. Since section 5 of the board is equipped with a vibrator and springs, the bottom performs high-frequency oscillations, which contribute to the orientation of the mother cells head forward while moving them towards the section 6 of the board. In the channels formed by the guide ribs 13, the mother liquors are finally oriented. In sleeves 9 and 10, mother liquors are divided into two streams (according to the number of landing wheels 4). In their tapering sections, the queen cells occupy a position in a row and, in a finally oriented position, enter the cylindrical troughs 11, in which, due to the shape of the troughs, the orientation of the queen cells can no longer be disturbed. Then the mother liquors enter the storage tubes 12 of the mechanism for laying the mother liquors into the landing wheels 4.

As a result, a high degree of orientation is achieved, since the orientation process uses the physical properties of the mother liquors (shifted center of gravity) and their ability to orient themselves when creating conditions conducive to this.

The present invention, compared with the prototype, allows to reduce the percentage of planting beet mother liquors head down to 0.1-1%, to exclude manual planting labor, to reduce the cost of the planting process by 1.5-2 times, to increase productivity and productivity of the machine by 10-15%. The mechanism is not complicated in design and operation.

Information sources.

1. KRYAZHKO V.N. and others. The concept of the development of mechanization of seed production. Sugar Beet Journal, No. 1, 2001, pp. 23-24.

2. US No. 422372, 04/05/1974.

3. US No. 1005691, 03.23.1983.

Claims (1)

The orientation mechanism of the sugar beet mother liquors for the planting machine in the form of an inclined board located between the hopper tray and the storage tubes of the mother liquor bookmark into the planting wheels of the machine, characterized in that the inclined board is made in the form of two sections tapering towards the exit, freely jointed and differently inclined to the horizon, the first of which is inclined at an angle of 5-10% less than the angle of repose of the queen bead, is equipped with a vibrator and spring-loaded, and the second is located at an angle equal to or 5-10% more natural slope, and is divided into two sleeves, ending in cylindrical grooves in communication with the storage pipes, while the bottoms of both sections of the board are provided with longitudinal guide ribs.

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