RU200254U1 - Rotary orientation device of the lander - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for oriented planting of mother plants of beet to obtain seeds. The utility model is a rotary device of the planting machine, which contains a frame, two rotors with the same number of blades z = z, equal to the number of receiving cones of the planting apparatus, which installed parallel to each other at the same level and rotate towards each other with the same angular velocity (ω = ω), guide tray, chain drive with gear ratio i = 1, drive sprocket mounted on the shaft of the planting device, driven rotor sprockets and chain. the model allows to increase the reliability of the oriented piece-by-piece feed of conical root crops regardless of their size and taper.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for orienting conical roots.

Known devices for orienting objects of conical shape (AS USSR No. 244162, BI .. No. 7, 1969; AS USSR No. 361934, BI No. 2, 1973; A.s USSR No. 475973, BI No. 25, 1969), etc. These devices are simple in design, but orientate only a small size range of conical root crops, have low productivity and insufficient orientation reliability.

Known machine for planting root crops (AS USSR No. 1299536, MKI A01C 11/02, Bul. No. 12, 1987). The orienting device of the machine is made in the form of a curved scraper conveyor moving in a V-shaped chute. Root crops, which have taken the position with their tail down, drop out of the grippers on the curved section of the V-shaped groove, and the scraper leaves empty. Root crops, which have taken the position with their tail up, are fed through the intermediate tray through the funnel of the distribution device, and then into the storage. The disadvantage of this device is the possible damage to root crops due to an increase in the number of stages of orientation of some root crops due to their discharge in case of incorrect orientation. The orientation mechanism is complex in design, metal- and energy-intensive.

A device for orienting carrots is known (Great Britain, application No. 1353706, Danish priority 06/21/1971, No. 3029; publication 05/22/1974, No. 4442). The orienting device includes two discs, which are mounted on a common drive shaft, at a distance from each other and taper towards the middle; a locking element and a stop located at an angle to the horizontal on different sides in the gap between these discs, as well as a guide chute installed vertically above the discs. When root crops enter from the guide chute with the head down, the carrots are pinched between the discs and due to the rotation of the discs, the head is oriented in the direction of rotation of the discs. When root crops enter from the guide chute with the head up, the carrots fall between the discs and, due to the presence of a stop and the rotation of the discs, the head is also oriented in the direction of rotation of the discs. Running on the locking element, the root crop slides down along its surface and leaves the orienting device. The disadvantage of this orienting device is its unreliability, due to the fact that the roots are fed into the orienting device vertically, as a result of which, when the root crop falls, an impact and rebound in any arbitrary direction is possible, i.e. the orientation process becomes random; a small size range of root crops is oriented due to the fact that in the alignment between the discs the stop for turning the tail of the root crop is rigidly fixed at a certain level.

A device for orienting root crops to a planting machine is known (RF Patent No. 2237397, MKI A01C 11/00, 11/02, Bul. No. 28 dated 10.10.2004), containing an endless traction element with grippers, moving in a V-shaped chute, open top and bottom having a horizontal orienting section of a rectilinear shape. An endless traction element is mounted on the side of the V-shaped groove and is parallel to one of the sidewalls of the V-shaped groove. The angle between the sides of the V-shaped groove is less than the minimum value of the taper angle of the tail of the root crop. Root crops are fed one by one into the orienting device from above, until they come into contact with the orienting surfaces of the V-shaped groove. The linear velocity acquired by the center of mass of the root is converted into an angular rate of turn. The root crop hangs at the level of the plane of maximum diameter with support at two points, which are the imaginary axis of rotation of the root crop when it turns, and is carried to the planting apparatus by scrapers. If the root crop is fixed in the alignment of the orienting surfaces with the tail part up, then it is forcibly turned by the blades of the beater drum. Disadvantages of this device: a strict, rigidly fixed angle between the orienting surfaces of the V-shaped groove limits the size range of orientable root crops and reduces the quality of orientation (due to a large variation in the taper angle of the tail part of root crops); the orienting surfaces of the V-shaped gutter during operation are contaminated with soil residues, which changes the angle between the orienting surfaces, their configuration and coefficient of friction, the orientation process becomes random, the kinematic modes of feeding root crops from the orienting device change, which leads to gaps in the planting apparatus and reduces the quality of orientation; the orientation mechanism is complex in design, has many kinematic transmissions, low productivity and requires constant monitoring of its work.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a device for orienting root crops to the planting machine (RF Patent No. 2372767, MKI A01S 11/00, 11/02, Bull. No. 32 dated 20.11.2009), a two-rotor paddle orienting device for conical root crops are two rotors with the same number of blades z _l1 = z _l2 , which are installed parallel to each other at the same level and rotate towards each other synchronously (n _p1 = n _p2 ), while the rotor blades are flat, rectangular, identical in size (L _A1 = L _A2, B _n1 = B _n2) and mounted relative to each other so that in the horizontal plane two combined blades of the rotor are flush with S ₀ minimum gap and the minimum length of the blades 2 of the rotor 1 is determined from the condition :

Root crops are individually captured by one of the rotor blades and occupy a horizontal position between adjacent rotor blades, with a long axis along the rotor rotation axis. With further rotation of the rotor, the root crop rolls over the surface of the blade and takes a stable position between two aligned blades of the rotors, which form a V-shaped groove. Further, with the synchronous rotation of the rotors, the root crop turns with its tail down and hangs at the level of the plane of the maximum diameter between the aligned blades of the rotors supported at two points, which are the reference points of the imaginary axis of rotation of the root crop, relative to which the turn occurs. The turn of the root crop with the tail part down occurs due to the conical shape of the tail part of the root crop and the moment of gravity arising in the V-shaped groove formed by the combined blades of the rotors. On the inclined concave surface of the receiving tray, the root crop is finally oriented with its tail down and comes off, maintaining its original oriented position.

The disadvantage of this device is that with different mass of root crops, different deflection of the blades is possible, which leads to a decrease in the quality of orientation of root crops, as well as the possibility of trauma to the roots of the blades.

The proposed utility model is aimed at improving the uniform supply of beet root crops to the planting apparatus without sorting and separating into fractions and improving the orientation quality, which increases productivity and reduces the cost of seed production.

The problem is solved in that the drive rotor is made chain transmission from a drive sprocket mounted on the shaft through the planting machine rotors driven sprocket with a gear ratio i = 1, the number of rotor blades z = z _{n2 n3} equals the number of cones receiving the planting machine.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the drive of the rotary orienting device of the planting machine.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the rotary orienting device of the landing machine.

The rotary orienting device of the landing machine consists of a frame 1, two rotors 2 and 3 with the same number of blades z _l2 = z _l23 , equal to the number of receiving cones of the planting apparatus, a guide chute 4, a chain transmission with a gear ratio i = 1 of the driving sprocket 5 installed on to the planting device shaft, driven sprockets 6 and chain 7.

The proposed rotary orienting device of the planting machine operates as follows. Root crops are individually captured by one of the rotor blades 2 and, due to the moment from the force of gravity, occupy a horizontal position between adjacent rotor blades 2, with a long axis along the axis of rotation of the rotor 2. When the rotor blade 2 is turned from the horizontal position by the value of the rolling friction angle of the root crop, it rolls over the surface blades and takes a stable position between the two combined blades of the rotors 2 and 3, which form a V-shaped groove. With further synchronous rotation of the rotors through the chain transmission, the combined blades of the rotors 2 and 3 "open up", and the root crop 8 turns with its tail down and hangs at the level of the plane of maximum diameter between the combined blades of the rotors 2 and 3 supported at two points A and B (Fig. 1). Orientation of the root crop with the tail down occurs due to the conical shape of the tail of the root and the moment of gravity arising in the V-shaped groove formed by the combined blades of the rotors 2 and 3, then the root crop is fed through the guide tray 4 into the receiving cones of the planting apparatus.

Thus, the rotary orienting device of the planting machine provides one-by-one orientation of root crops, regardless of their size and taper.

Claims (1)

A rotary orienting device of a landing machine containing a frame, two rotors with blades, driven sprockets, a chain and a guide tray, characterized in that the rotors are driven by a chain transmission, from a drive sprocket mounted on the shaft of the planting apparatus through driven rotor sprockets with a gear ratio i = 1, the number of rotor blades z = z _{n2 n3} equals the number of cones receiving the planting machine.

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