RU201466U1 - Roller orientation device of the planting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for oriented planting of beet mother liquors to obtain seeds. The utility model is a device that contains a receiver, rollers, consisting of two parts - a cylindrical one with a helical winding of elastic pile with a variable pitch on the cylindrical part rollers, and a bevel gear, gear wheels mounted on the shafts of the orienting rollers, a chain drive and a bevel gearbox, catching trays and a planting device. The drive of the orienting rollers is carried out from the wheels of the planting machine through a chain drive and a bevel gear connected to the shaft of the orienting roller, and the catcher chute has a semicircular cross-section, and the minimum radius of curvature is determined from the condition where Rmin is the minimum radius of curvature of the cross-section of the catcher chute; Dmax - the maximum diameter of the planted root crop. A useful model allows you to increase the reliability of the oriented piece-by-piece supply of conical root crops.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for feeding root crops for their oriented planting.

Known devices for orienting piece objects of conical shape, using the difference in the diameters of the head and tail of root crops in mechanisms with stops (AS No. 146241 USSR BI, 1962, No. 7; AS 244162. USSR, B. I., 1969, No. 7; AS 361934 USSR. BI 1973, No. 2). The stops are placed flush with the surface of movement of the parts so that the base of the cone (the head of the root crop) is held back by one of the stops, while the top (the tail of the root crop) freely passes under the other, opposite stop. Thus, the orientation of the roots with the tail part forward can occur.

The disadvantage of these devices is that these mechanisms can only be used if the planting material is divided into at least two fractions: small - with a head diameter up to 75 mm and large - with a head diameter up to 120 mm.

Known device for a planting machine, containing a receiver, rollers with a screw winding, rotating in different directions with a peripheral speed directed vertically upward (AS USSR No. 422372 MKI A01C 11/00 Bull. No. 13 1974). Disadvantages of the device: orientation of root crops is possible provided that the planting material is divided into small and large fractions; due to the lack of synchronization of the supply of root crops, the established planting interval is not provided and damage to the heads of root crops occurs.

There is a known device for a planting machine for oriented planting of sugar beet mother liquors (RF patent No. 2299548, IPC А01С 11/02, Bull. No. 15 dated May 27, 2007) containing a receiver installed above the cylindrical part of the rollers, consisting of two parts, cylindrical and conical, which are installed on the frame and are located in a conical part above the metering device, containing catching trays with tongues protruding above the rollers. Disadvantages of the device: root crops are unevenly dispersed along the length of the rollers, as a result of which the orientation process becomes random, as well as damage to root crops by the existing screw winding.

Known roller transporting device for oriented planting of mother liquors of beets (RF patent No. 2633543, IPC А01С 11/00, Bul. No. 29 dated 13.10.2017) containing a receiver installed above the cylindrical part of the rollers, which consist of two parts, cylindrical having a screw a winding of elastic pile with a variable pitch and a smooth conical one, under which there are catcher trays attached to the crankshafts of the planting apparatus. Disadvantage of the device: root crops are evenly dispersed along the length of the rollers and are fed into the planting cones only at a certain speed of the planting machine.

Known roller transport device for oriented planting of mother plants of beets (RF patent No. 2705317, IPC А01С 11/00, Bull. No. 21 dated 06.11.2019) containing a receiver installed above the cylindrical part of the rollers, which consist of two parts, cylindrical having a screw a winding made of elastic material with a variable pitch and a smooth conical one, under which there are catcher trays attached to the crankshafts of the planting apparatus. Disadvantage of the device: root crops are evenly dispersed along the length of the rollers and fed into the planting cones only at a certain speed of the planting machine.

Of the known, the closest in technical essence is a roller transport device for oriented planting of beet mother liquors (patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation No. 191880, IPC А01С 11/00, Bull. No. 24 dated August 26, 2019) containing a receiver installed above the cylindrical part rollers, which consist of two parts, cylindrical with a helical winding of elastic pile with a variable pitch and smooth conical, while the drive of the orienting rollers is carried out from the wheels of the planting machine through a chain transmission and a bevel gear connected to the shaft of the orienting roller, under which there are catcher trays mounted on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus. Disadvantage of the device: there is damage to the heads of root crops when they are captured by the catching trays and fed into the planting cones.

The proposed utility model is aimed at improving the uniform supply of beet root crops to the planting apparatus without sorting and separating into fractions and improving the orientation quality, which increases productivity and reduces the cost of seed production.

The problem is solved by the fact that the proposed catcher chute has a semicircular cross-section, and the minimum radius of curvature is determined from the condition

where R _min is the minimum radius of curvature of the cross-section of the catcher chute;

D _max is the maximum diameter of the planted root crop.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device for oriented planting of beet mother plants.

FIG. 2 shows the catcher chute and its cross-section.

The roller orienting device of the planting machine consists of a receiver 1 installed above the cylindrical part of the rollers 2, gears 3 fixed on the shafts of rollers 2, a chain transmission 4 and a bevel gear 5 connected to rollers 2, while the said rollers 2 consist of two parts, cylindrical having a helical winding made of elastic material with a variable pitch and a smooth conical, under which there are catcher trays 6, fixed on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus 7.

The proposed roller orienting device for oriented planting of beet mother liquors works as follows. When the planting machine moves, the root crops from the receiver 1 enter the cylindrical part of the rollers 2, where they, due to the variable pitch of winding, are dispersed at a certain distance from each other. Moving to the smooth conical part of the rollers 2, they fall with a sharp end into the gap between the rotating rollers 2, and the catch trays 6, fixed on the crankshafts of the planting apparatus 7, individually grab the fallen root crop and feed it into the planting cones with the sharp end down.

Thus, the roller orienting device of the planting machine provides a piecewise oriented output of root crops with traps into the planting cones of the planting apparatus.

Claims (4)

A roller orienting device of a planting machine containing a receiver, rollers with a screw winding having a variable pitch, catching trays, a planting device, characterized in that the catching tray has a semicircular shape in cross section, and the minimum radius of curvature is determined from the condition

where R _min is the minimum radius of curvature of the cross-section of the catcher chute; D _max is the maximum diameter of the planted root crop.

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