RU2259843C1 - Method for treating rabbits for myxomatosis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method involves parenterally introducing anti-myxomatosis vaccine produced from B-82 strain or myxoma suspension in the amount of single immunizing dose four times with 24 h long pauses.

EFFECT: avoided or considerably reduced losses.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, to methods for treating rabbits with myxomatosis.

A known method of antiviral therapy used in washing horses (Sosov R.F. Myt "Diseases of horses" Epizootology, 2nd ed., Moscow, Kolos, 1974, p. 536, 237-244), according to which antivirus is administered to sick animals, made from local strains of mytitis streptococcus. Antivirus (killed old culture of washed streptococcus) is injected in several places, again after a day or two until a noticeable effect is obtained.

The proposed method eliminates or significantly reduces losses during myxomatosis of rabbits in a stationary unfavorable point.

The method is carried out by parenteral administration of a vaccine against myxomatosis of rabbits from strain "B-82" in the amount of one immunizing dose four times with an interval of 24 hours.

The live dry culture vaccine against rabbit myxomatosis from strain “B-82” is used to prevent rabbit myxomatosis (A.K. Kirilov. “Rabbit myxomatosis”, J. “Rabbit breeding and fur farming”, 2001, No. 1, p.23- 25), which immunize clinically healthy animals from 28 days of age, regardless of the epizootic situation and time of year. However, rabbits of patients suspected of being ill or suspected of contracting myxomatosis are not vaccinated. They are subject to slaughter, which leads to the loss of high-value breeding queens, male producers and lightweight young under uterus, which has not reached the standard live weight.

A method of treating rabbit myxomatosis is as follows. To prepare one immunizing dose, the vial containing 20 doses of the B-82 strain anti-myxomatous vaccine is dissolved in 20 cm ^{3 of} solvent and parenterally administered one immunizing dose four times with an interval of 24 hours to the rabbits at the incubation period of myxomatosis, and also to sick rabbits in the prodromal period, the period of general depression, on the day the first mix appeared on the eyelids, nose, ears, the development of conjunctivitis and rhinitis, in the first 48 hours from the onset of signs of the disease.

This contributes to the active stimulation of specific immunity, increase the protective forces and, mainly, desensitization of the body, elimination and loss of sensitivity to the causative agent of myxomatosis.

Treatment can also be carried out with a suspension from a mix, free of second pyogenic microflora prepared in physiological saline in a ratio of 1:20 with the addition of formalin in a suspension in a final concentration of 0.3%.

Example 1

To determine the optimal immunizing dose of the anti-myxomatous vaccine from strain “B-82,” 24 cross-sectional rabbits with myxomatosis were taken from mothers at 60 days of age. Three experimental groups were formed from them according to the principle of analogs (n = 8 animals), which included rabbits of the same age (2.5 months), with the same period of development of myxomatosis (prodromal and incubation periods of the disease). The animals of the experimental groups were administered four times with an interval of 24 hours at 0.5; 1.0; 1.3 immunizing doses of the vaccine against myxomatosis of rabbits from strain "B-82". The animals were observed, taking into account the average live weight for 30 days, weight gain for 30 days. The results obtained are summarized in table 1.

Table 1
The effectiveness of the treatment, depending on the immunizing dose of the anti-myxomatous vaccine from strain "B-82" Group The number of rabbits in the group Immunizing dose The average live weight, g initial after 30 days growth 1 8 0.5 2040 2740 700 2 8 1,0 2050 3150 1100 3 8 1.3 2035 3135 1100

As a result of treatment, an increase in live weight of 1100 was obtained in the volume of one immunizing dose. A decrease in the immunizing dose of the administered vaccine to 0.5 led to a decrease in live weight gain of 400 g, an increase in the immunizing dose to 1.3 did not lead to an increase in live weight gain.

Example 2

To study the effectiveness of treatment, depending on the period of development of myxomatosis, young crossbreeds of 2.5 months of age, weaned from mothers at 60 days of age, were selected. The animals were divided according to the stage of the course of myxomatosis into five groups. Rabbits with a generalized form were selected in the first group: large edema of the eyelids, bases of the auricles, anus and genital areas, drooping ears, closed eyes with mucopurulent outflows, hoarse labored breathing. Rabbits of the first group were not treated (untreated control).

Rabbits of the second group suffered from myxomatosis on average 48 hours: severe myxoma lesions of the eyelids, nose, ears, intense blepharoconjunctivitis, cough, rare sneezing.

Rabbits of the third group were affected by small mixes, which were localized in the eyelids, nose.

In the fourth group of rabbits, there were no visible clinical signs, although the body temperature was increased by 0.8-2 ° C.

Rabbits of the fifth group were in conditions of contact, aerogenic infection and remained conditionally healthy during the observation period.

The rabbits of the second and fifth groups were prescribed treatment with the vaccine against myxomatosis from strain "B-82" four times with an interval of 24 hours in a single immunizing dose. The animals were monitored, the probability of survival and the severity of the course of the disease (TTB) were determined by the formulas:

where B is the probability of survival;

Mo is the total number of animals (goals);

Mn - the number of dead animals (goal).

where B is the probability of survival;

Wk is the average live weight of the control group (g);

Wo is the average live weight of the experimental group (g).

The observation results are shown in table 2.

table 2
The effectiveness of treatment depending on the period of development of myxomatosis Name of groups, stage of the disease Number of animals, goal. Probability of survival The average live weight, g The average daily gain, g TTB% in group goal. ill, goal. fell goal. initial after 30 days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 nine First one. Generalized form of the clinical period (untreated control) 6 6 6 0 - - - 100 The second one. Myxomatosis development period in the first 48 hours 7 7 0 1,0 1940 2750 27.0 14.1 The third. First Mix Day 6 6 0 1,0 2030 3025 31,2 5.5 Fourth. Prodromal and incubation periods 7 2 0 1,0 2050 3150 36.7 1.7 Fifth. Infected with vaccine therapy days (control treated) 8 0 0 1,0 2045 3195 38.3 0

As a result of observations, it was found that treatment started at an earlier stage of the development of myxomatosis is more effective: rabbits of the fourth group suffered the disease in benign form (TTB-1.7%), in the third and second groups in moderate and severe form (TTB-5 , 5 and 14.1% respectively). Rabbits of the first group were not subject to treatment.

Example 3

The effectiveness of the treatment of myxomatosis in different age groups of rabbits

In the absence of colostral (lactogenic) immunity, rabbits can become infected with myxomatosis under the rabbit.

In the epizootic focus, cross-sectional rabbits of one month, one month and a half month old, and two month old were selected that have clinical signs of the disease: conjunctivitis, rhinitis, nodular tumors or swelling on the head, ears, paws.

Rabbits of all groups were administered four times with an interval of 24 hours parenterally one immunizing dose of the vaccine against myxomatosis from strain "B-82". We monitored the development of myxomatous formations, the general health status of rabbits, and animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of observations (table 3).

Table 3
The effectiveness of the treatment of myxomatosis in different age groups of rabbits Group Age, month Number of animals, goal. Observation period, days Survival rate,% The average live weight, g The increase in live weight during the observation period, g Daily average growth initial the ultimate 1 1 fifteen 45 1,0 630 1483 853 19.0 2 1,5 14 thirty 1,0 776 1471 695 23,2 3 2.0 eighteen thirty 1,0 1374 2338 964 32.1

It was revealed that with an increase in the age of rabbits, the average daily gain in live weight increases, which is associated with the course of the disease in a milder form and faster recovery.

Example 4

To study the effectiveness of vaccines used in the treatment of rabbits with myxomatosis, two groups of animals were formed, 5 animals each. Rabbits are 30 days old; vaccine preparations were started on the day the first mix appeared.

The animals of the first group were vaccinated four times with a vaccine from strain "B-82" with an interval of 24 hours with one immunizing dose prepared in accordance with the instructions.

The second group is a four-time introduction of the suspension from the mix with an interval of 24 hours in a dose of 1.0 ml. A suspension of the mix is prepared as follows: myxomas, free from second-hand pyogenic microflora, are ground in a porcelain mortar with small glass (1:20) for 5-10 minutes. Then 1 g of the mix is combined with 20 ml of sodium chloride (1:20), filtered through a three-layer gauze and formalin is added to the filtrate (for every 500 ml - 1.5 ml of 40% formalin). The prepared suspension is stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of + 4 ° C for three days. The results of the studies are shown in table 4.

Table 4
The effectiveness of vaccines used in the treatment of rabbits with myxomatosis Group Number of animals, goal. The average live weight, g The gain in live weight, g The average daily gain, g in Group fell initial after 30 days 1 5 - 650 1200 550 18.3 2 5 - 645 1065 420 14.0

As can be seen from table 4, the use of a suspension of mix, although to a lesser extent, but still has a therapeutic effect and does not allow the death of animals.

Claims (1)

A method of treating rabbit myxomatosis, including parenteral administration of a drug substance, characterized in that a vaccine against myxomatosis from strain "B-82" or a suspension of mix is used as a drug substance, which is administered to rabbits four times with an interval of 24 hours in the amount of one immunizing dose.