RU2067865C1 - Method of treatment and prophylaxis of invasion diseases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary parasitology. SUBSTANCE: method involves multiple administration of mucopolysaccharide - (1,4)-2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan at intervals for 3-30 days. Preparation is administrated simultaneously with immunostimulating agents or corresponding chemotherapeutic preparations. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of preparation. 4 cl, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to veterinary parasitology.

 Invasive diseases are ubiquitous, affecting all types of wild, domestic and farm animals, causing enormous economic damage to livestock, reducing animal productivity and delaying the physiological development of young animals. Many invasive diseases, especially protozoan and helminthiases, cause a massive death of animals. Currently, the fight against invasive diseases focuses on the destruction of the parasite, which is carried out by two methods: biological and chemotherapeutic.

 Biological methods include activities such as manure biothermy, plowing and land reclamation, drainage of wetlands, etc. which leads to the death of parasites, intermediate hosts and their carriers. Chemoprophylaxis of invasive diseases is carried out by various methods [1] For the prevention of ectoparasitic diseases, insect-acaricidal drugs are used: owl, chlorophos, hexochloran, azuntol, amidophos, trichloromethaphos-3, thiovit, invmectin, etc. These drugs kill ticks and parasitic insects and prevent their occurrence and some time. For the prevention and treatment of helminth infections, drugs are used that destroy larvae or delay the development of helminths. These are drugs such as carbon tetrachloride, filixan, sulfene, dertil, arecolin, cetovex, phenotizine, piperazine, nilverm, dibrom, etc.

 It is known that after some invasive diseases have become ill, a state of immunity to this type of invasion develops. Approaches to the possibility of immunization against helminthiases have been studied in recent years. In general, these approaches involve the use of three types of helminth antigens: irradiated-attenuated live helminths, somatic extracts of helminths, metabolic or excretory-secretory antigens produced in vivo by helminth cultures.

The closest way that can be taken as a prototype is an attempt to immunize animals with helminth extracts, which determines the resistance of animals against nematodes and trematodes, as well as fasciol, however, in many cases, attempts to induce an immune state in animals with helminth antigens were unsuccessful or only slightly increased resistance against infection with a homologous parasite [2] Despite the possibility of creating immunity in infestations, the method of preventive immunization of animals in practice ike almost never occurs [1]
The aim of the invention is a method for the treatment and prevention of invasive diseases by immunizing both already infected and healthy individuals.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that as an immunizing agent use mucopolysaccharide, which is an integral part of the integumentary tissues of helminths, ticks, insects and their larvae. Mucopolysaccharide is a homogeneous linear polymer, the structural unit of which is n-acetyl-b-d-glucosamine, interconnected by b-1,4-glycosidic bonds. For therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, it is proposed to use b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan, as well as chemically modified variants thereof.

 For therapeutic purposes, b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan or its modified analogues are administered to animals 2 5-fold with an interval of 3 10 days. For prophylactic purposes, 1 3-fold with an interval of 15 to 30 days.

 The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

 Example 1. Cows infected with fascioliasis (the diagnosis was established by the method of Demidov), was divided into five groups. One group of cows was injected intramuscularly twice with an interval of 6 days with 0.2% b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan (PG) in a volume of 1 and 5 ml. The second group of PGs was administered as part of the Dostim immunostimulant also in volumes of 1 and 5 ml. The third group of animals was treated with Dertil B at a dose of 4 mg / kg live weight. The fourth group of cows was treated with PG and Dertil "B". The fifth group of animals served as a control; it was not subjected to anthelmintic treatment. One month after the treatment, caprological studies of feces in cows of all four groups were carried out. The results are presented in table 1.

 Example 2. To a group of cows two weeks prior to pasture, a 0.2% solution of b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan was injected intravenously into the swampy pasture areas at an interval of 30 days. The second group of animals was injected with acetylated b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan at the same dose and at the same interval. Both drugs were administered as part of the Dostim immunostimulant. During the summer, a third similar group was not subjected to any anthelmintic treatments. At the end of the grazing season, the animals were examined for the presence of Fasciol eggs. The results are presented in table 2.

 Example 3. Dysfunctional dictation of a herd of cows was divided into three parts. One part of the animals was injected with PG once in a dose of 3 ml. Another was fed fenbendazole (panacur) at the rate of 10 mg / kg live weight. The third group served as control. A month later, they carried out caprological studies. The results are presented in table 1.

 Example 4. Piglets free of helminths, at the age of one month, were twice injected with 0.2% acetylated PG together with a B-active immunostimulant. Four months after this, a Fulleborn feces study was carried out. In 90% of piglets treated with acetylated GH, no ascarid eggs were found in feces. In 60% of the piglets that were not treated and kept together with the treated, ascariasis was observed.

 Example 5. Conducted deworming gilts in eight machines. Gilts from the first and second machines were fed piperazine adipate at a dose of 12 g per animal. Animals from the third and fourth looms three times in doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 ml was injected with a 0.2% solution of modified b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucoperanan palmetoyl chloride. For animals from the fifth and sixth machines, the drug was administered once at a dose of 0.3 ml. Gilts from the seventh and eighth machines were injected with the drug in 0.1% concentration in doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 ml, at the same time the immunostimulator Dostim was administered. The results of deworming of animals are presented in table 1.

 Example 6. Piglets with patients with ascariasis were divided into groups. The first group was administered GHG with an interval of three days for 15 days in dosages of 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8. The second group of piglets was injected with GH daily at a dosage of 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8. Piglets of the third group were injected with PG together with the immunostimulant B-activin in the same dosages. Piglets of the fourth group were injected with one B-activin. The results of deworming piglets are shown in table 1.

 Example 7. Puppies with toxocariasis were injected three times in doses of 0.2; 0.4; 0.8 PG. Within a month, the clinical manifestations of the disease were monitored and, after this period, the Fulleborn method was used to study dog excrement. Coprological studies of Toxocara canis eggs in puppies treated with PG were not detected.

 Example 8. Eight outbred dogs were injected twice with PG as part of the immunostimulant "Dostim" in doses of 0.1 and 1 ml. A month later, these and control dogs were fed the internal organs of sheep affected by larval echinococcosis. After three months, a diagnostic deworming of all dogs was carried out and the presence of isolated segments of helminths was determined in the selected feces. The results are presented in table 2.

 Example 9. Dogs with a diagnosed dipyridiosis were isolated and treated against ectoparasites and treated with PG with modified hexomethylenediamine. The drug was administered six times with an interval of 5 days in an increasing dosage of 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 and 1.0 ml. 15 days after the last injection in feces, the presence of mature segments or eggs of Dypylidium caninum was determined. The results are shown in table 1.

 Example 10. Similar to example 8, however, the drug was administered to dogs once in a dose of 0.5 ml.

 Example 11. Dogs affected by demodicosis in a scaly form were treated with PG. The first time the dogs were injected with 0.2% PG in a dose of 0.1 ml, the second time, after three days, at a dose of 0.2 ml and another three days later at a dose of 0.5 ml. In six dogs, the itching completely stopped after the third injection, the scaly of the skin began to disappear, and the hairline began to recover. Eight dogs received two more injections with the same interval in doses of 0.8 ml and 1.0 ml, after which they also had clinical signs of demodicosis. Laboratory analysis of scrapings from the skin of previously affected ticks Demodex canix gave a negative result. At the same time, another group of dogs with demodecosis patients in the amount of nine goals was treated with ivomecom. Ivomec was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 200 mg / kg of dog weight. Conducted four injections. The results of treatment of dogs for demodicosis are presented in table 1.

 Example 12. Dogs with clinical signs of demodicosis were administered PG in a lower dosage of 1.0; 0.6; 0.4; 0.2 ml After four injections, the clinical manifestations of demodicosis became more pronounced than before treatment with PG.

 Example 13. Four clinically healthy dogs were twice administered acetylated PG in a dose of 0.2 and 0.5 ml. Dogs were placed in an aviary, where they contained three healthy dogs and two dogs with clinical signs of demodicosis, confirmed by laboratory tests. Together, the dogs were kept for a month, after which sick dogs were dropped off and they received a course of treatment against demodicosis. The remaining dogs were monitored for a month. As a result, none of the four dogs treated with acetylated PG showed signs of demodicosis, while control, non-immunized dogs showed signs of demodicosis, which was confirmed by laboratory studies.

 Example 14. Ten dogs with demodecosis were injected with PG at intervals of 3 days in doses of 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml. At the same time, Ivomek was introduced to the dogs. After the second injection, the dogs were monitored, the clinical signs of demodicosis began to pass. Two weeks later, laboratory tests did not reveal the presence of a tick in these dogs.

 Example 15. In order to prevent hypodermatosis, a group of cattle was injected intramuscularly with a dose of 4 ml two times with an interval of one month, the other group was left as a control. During the year, animals were monitored. The following spring, both groups of animals were examined by palpation for the presence of seals in the skin and the formation of fistulous capsules. Among cattle treated with PG, no signs of hypodermatosis were detected.

 Example 16. Cattle with signs of hypodermatosis were treated with PG with modified palmetoyl chloride. The drug was administered four times with an interval of five days in an increasing dosage of 2, 4, 10 ml. The treatment results are presented in table 1.

 Thus, the use of b- (1,4) -Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranana and its modifications allows both treatment and prevention of various invasive diseases, which can be widely used in animal husbandry. TTT1 TTT2

Claims (4)

 1. A method for the treatment and prevention of invasive diseases of animals, including the induction of an immune response and subsequent immunity of the body to invasion by introducing an antigen, characterized in that mucopolysaccharide b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan in concentration is used as an antigen 0.1 0.2 which is administered in a dose of O, 01 0.1 ml / kg of weight with an interval of 3 30 days, moreover, it is administered 1 3 times for prevention, and for treatment 2 5 times.  2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan with the radical R attached to it, where the radical may be a fatty acid residue, an organic acid residue, is used as an antigen. amine residue.  3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan or its modifications are administered to the animal simultaneously with an immunostimulant.  4. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that b- (1,4) -2-Amino-2-deoxyglucopyranan or its modifications are administered together with chemotherapeutic drugs of the corresponding invasive disease.

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