RU225909U1 - Excavation bracket - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for digging up seedlings, seedlings of fruits and berries, forestry and ornamental crops. To expand the functionality and improve the quality of the technological process of digging up seedlings, in an excavation bracket containing a frame 1 on which a stability knife 2, a mounting mechanism 3, a digging bracket 4 with a ploughshare 5 and rippers 6 are installed, a mechanism is installed for extracting the root system from the soil, consisting of two spherical disks 7 installed at an angle in a vertical plane and a drive 8 of one of the disks.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for digging up seedlings of fruit and berry, forest and ornamental crops.

Currently, the most difficult technological process when growing seedlings, seedlings of fruit and ornamental crops, ornamental and fruit and berry bushes, as well as rose bushes is their digging. The main agrotechnical task when digging up trees, shrubs and seedlings is to ensure that in the process of separating them from the soil monolith, the root system, trunk and branches of the plant should be without damage, since in the future, when transplanted to a new place, this will allow them to grow faster and adapt to new place. Seedlings are dug up using a special bracket, which is buried to a depth of 25-35 cm, cuts and lifts the layer of soil along with the root without turning the layer. After separating the seedling from the monolith, it is usually removed to the surface using manual labor (Konovalov, V.I. Analysis of directions for the development of machines for digging up seedlings / V.I. Konovalov, A.G. Konovalov // Polythematic network electronic scientific Journal of the Kuban State Agrarian University. - 2022. - No. 179. - P. 33-54. - DOI 10.21515/1990-4665-179-004.

A known plow for digging up planting material [Machines for gardening / F.E. Aniferov, L.I. Eroshenko, I.Z. Teplinsky. L.: Agropromizdat. Leningrad branch, 1990. - pp. 67...71).], containing a frame on which a stability knife, a linkage mechanism, and a digging bracket with a ploughshare are installed.

The disadvantage of the known digging plow is the lack of elements for extracting dug seedlings to the surface, as well as the low quality of the technological process, expressed in poor cleaning of the root system of dug seedlings from the soil.

A plow is known for digging up planting material (see RF patent No. 100358, 12/20/2010 - prototype), containing a frame on which a stability knife, a hitch mechanism, a digging bracket with a ploughshare, and ripper plates bent upward are mounted in its rear part.

A significant disadvantage of this plow is the lack of elements for extracting dug up seedlings to the surface, as well as the low quality of the technological process, which is expressed in poor cleaning of the root system of dug up seedlings from the soil.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to expand the functionality and improve the quality of the technological process of digging up seedlings.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an excavation bracket containing a frame on which a stability knife, a mounting mechanism, a digging bracket with a ploughshare and rippers are installed, according to the utility model, a mechanism for extracting the root system from the soil, consisting of two spherical disks, is installed behind the digging bracket, installed at an angle in a vertical plane, with one of the disks having a drive.

The novelty of the claimed technical result is due to the following.

During operation, the digging bracket uses a ploughshare to cut off the layer of soil along with the seedling from the monolith and moves them along its working surface. As the soil moves, due to the forces of friction and adhesion to the working surface of the bracket, it is separated from the root system of the seedling. Then the soil and seedling are moved back into the row. Due to the lack of elements in the design for extracting buried seedlings to the surface, this operation must be performed using manual labor. In addition, when working in hard, turfy or waterlogged soil, its separation from the roots of seedlings is not performed efficiently, which also adds the need to perform additional technological operations. The use of a mechanism behind the digging bracket for extracting the root system from the soil, consisting of two spherical disks installed at an angle in a vertical plane, will lead to the fact that after moving the soil with the seedling along the working surface of the bracket, the latter will fall into the gap between the disks, further compressing and crumbling the soil, thereby further cleaning the root system of the seedling. Due to the fact that one of the disks has a drive, in the process of moving in the gap between the disks, the soil along with the seedling will be carried along by it and carried to the surface of the row behind the disks. Thus, in addition to digging up seedlings, they will be extracted to the surface, thereby expanding the functionality of the machine, and increasing the degree of soil crumbling will lead to better cleaning of the root system, thereby improving the quality of the digging process.

The proposed utility model is industrially applicable and can be used for digging up seedlings of fruit and berry, forest and ornamental crops.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by the drawing, where

in fig. 1 shows the excavation bracket, front view;

in fig. 2 - the same, side view.

The excavation bracket contains a frame 1 on which a stability knife 2 is installed, a linkage mechanism 3, a digging bracket 4 with a ploughshare 5 and rippers 6 and a mechanism for extracting the root system from the soil, consisting of two spherical disks 7 mounted at an angle in a vertical plane and a drive 8 one of the disks.

The excavation bracket works as follows.

Before starting work, the excavation bracket is aggregated using a linkage mechanism 3 with a power source. Then drive 8 is connected to the power take-off shaft of the power vehicle. During the working stroke, the BOM of the energy device is turned on, and one of the disks begins to rotate. The digging bracket 4 with the ploughshare 5 is buried in the soil. The ploughshare 5 pre-cuts a narrow layer of soil and directs it to the digging bracket 4. The digging bracket 4 cuts off the soil layer in the horizontal and vertical plane and moves it along its working surface. Then the soil layer with the seedling moves along the working surface of the rippers 6. After this, the soil layer with the seedling falls into the gap between two spherical disks 7 and is carried along as the disks rotate and are thereby removed to the surface of the row, while compression and crumbling of soil lumps on the roots occurs seedlings, after which they are placed in a row behind discs 7.

Claims (1)

An excavation bracket containing a frame on which a stability knife is mounted, a mounting mechanism, an excavation bracket with a ploughshare and rippers, characterized in that behind the excavation bracket there is a mechanism installed for extracting the root system from the soil, consisting of two spherical disks installed at an angle in a vertical plane , while one of the disks has a drive.

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