RU2257880C1 - Device for underwater horizontal vertebral traction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with a device that has a bath, means to place a patient designed as a shield with a lifting and a descending mechanisms, fixing elements as thoracic and pelvic belts, and a loading mechanism. It is supplied with additional loading mechanism and additional fixing element as a loop with possibility to be connected with additional loading mechanism. Moreover, pelvic fixing belt is designed with possibility to be connected with the main loading mechanism or with a bath, each loading mechanism is designed as a loosely suspended reservoir being upon rollers with cables to have the chance to move and connected with water supply system, with a counterweight that compensates the weight of an empty reservoir and with a telescopic lever connected with a movable drain tube. Mechanism to lift and descend the shield is designed as a hydrocylinder connected with water supply system, the block of rollers, cables and a three-armed lever-rocker which helps to fix the shield upon a bath, and its lower part is connected with couplings to restrict its upper position. This device, also, has the unit to match the angle to apply a traction effort and means for local heating and massage of affected vertebral segment. The innovation provides more convenient usage and widened functional capacities.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of underwater horizontal traction.

13 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to technical means for the prevention and treatment of lumbosacral, thoracic and cervical osteochondrosis, pseudospondylolistosis (with a displacement of up to 1/3 of the vertebral body), ankylosing spondylitis (in the initial stage), radiculomyelosemic syndrome (with discogenic pathology) , compression radicular syndrome, etc.

The invention can be used in medical and preventive and spa medical institutions for permanent or periodic horizontal traction of the spine in the bath (traction therapy).

A device for underwater traction of the spine, including a bath, a bed in the form of a frame and flooring with fastening elements of the patient in the chest and lumbar regions, pivotally mounted on one side of the bath and equipped with a mechanism for moving in the vertical direction of its opposite side, the mechanism of loading and traction of the spine, equipped with a dynamometer, while the flooring is equipped with a lateral displacement device relative to the frame for moving the patient before and after the procedure, the loading mechanism is made in the form of handles th screw type drive connected via the load cell element with fastening lumbar patient.

The lateral displacement of the flooring in the horizontal direction is made in the form of a transverse escalator with the possibility of reciprocating motion using rollers placed on the flooring and guides mounted on the frame (Patent RU 2193383, A 61 H 1/02, 11/27/2002).

A disadvantage of the known device is the use of a manual mechanism for lifting the patient out of the bath, which complicates the operation of the nurse and the manual screw loading mechanism, which does not provide the necessary smooth loading, and also does not allow to maintain a predetermined force, since under load the spine is lengthened, from which the stretching force drops to zero . And the nurse must again tighten the screw with the handle to create the specified effort. In addition, this device does not allow you to stretch the upper spine.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a known device for underwater traction of the spine, containing a bath, a system for placing and securing a patient with fixation elements, including a frame equipped with a mechanism for raising and lowering it into the bath, as well as a loading mechanism, a system for placing and patient attachments and the loading mechanism are equipped with kinetic coupling elements ensuring their automatic grip when the frame is immersed in the bath with the patient and disengaged when lifting from the bath, while the system for accommodating and securing the patient has a cantilever frame, which is arcuate in part of its length and connected by a hinge to the base, a sliding platform is mounted on the cantilever frame, formed by a fixed floor and a movable carriage, and a chest belt for fixing is located above the floor the upper half of the patient’s torso, the chest girdle can be hooked with two hooks to the chain links attached to the frame, a pelvic girdle is fixed on the movable carriage to fix the lower floors torso, on the bottom of the carriage there is a hole that allows it to automatically engage with the loading system, the mechanism for raising and lowering the cantilever frame is made in the form of a hydraulic line formed by a hydraulic cylinder and oil station, the cylinder body is pivotally connected to the base, and the rod is pivotally connected to the cantilever frame with the concave side of its arcuate part, the loading mechanism is made in the form of a measuring tank having a line for loading and draining the liquid, and the elements of the kinematic connection include a cable and a joint connecting a measuring container to one of the shoulders of a two-arm lever placed on an axis, the other arm of which has a hook at the end that automatically engages with a hole on the carriage when lowering the free end of the cantilever frame into the bath and when it reaches the lower working position (Patent RU 2187291 , A 61 H 1/02, 08/20/2002 - prototype).

A disadvantage of the known device is the bulkiness and complexity of the design, in particular the mechanism for raising and lowering the frame with the patient. The patient is placed on a sliding platform, which has significant inertness and friction, commensurate with the tensile force (which leads to inaccurate execution of a given loading program). In addition, this device cannot be used to treat the cervical spine. The known device is used for underwater traction of the thoracic and lumbar spine.

In addition, the device has an electric and hydraulic high-pressure system (the pump station is located in an adjacent room), which significantly reduces its safety and requires additional specialists in their operation and maintenance.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a universal safe device for underwater horizontal traction of any of the departments of the spine, with increased smoothness and accuracy of the execution of a given loading program, reliable and easy to maintain.

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a device for underwater horizontal traction of the spine of a simplified design that does not have electric and oil hydraulic systems, with an improvement in its functional characteristics in terms of expansion to the spine and convenient operation.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for underwater horizontal traction of the spine containing the bath, means for placing the patient, made in the form of a shield with a mechanism for raising and lowering it into the bath, patient fixation elements in the form of the chest and pelvic girdles, loading mechanism, which has the ability connection to at least one of the patient fixation belts and connected to the water supply network, according to the invention, the device is equipped with a filling mechanism located in the head of the bath ism loading and an additional patient fixation element in the form of a Glissock loop, with the ability to connect with an additional loading mechanism, the pelvic fixation belt is made with the possibility of connection with the main loading mechanism or with the bath, each loading mechanism is made in the form of freely suspended on rollers by means of cables and with the possibility of movement of the tank with a counterweight to compensate for the weight of the empty tank, and a telescopic lever connected to a movable drain pipe, the mechanism for raising and lowering the shield and it is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder connected to the water supply network, a block of rollers, cables and a three-armed rocking lever, with which the head of the shield is mounted on the bathtub, and its lower part is connected by cables to the couplings to limit its upper position, in addition, the device is equipped with a unit setting a predetermined angle of application of the pulling force and the means of local heating and light massage of the affected area of the spine, with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

When the main loading mechanism is connected to the pelvic girdle, the chest girdle is fixed on the shield.

When connecting an additional loading mechanism to the Glisson loop, the pelvic girdle is fixed on the bath.

When connecting an additional loading mechanism to the chest girdle, the pelvic girdle is fixed to the bath.

The device is equipped with the main and, if necessary, additional control panels installed at the ends of the bath.

The hydraulic cylinder has a rod with rollers that move the cables connected through a system of rollers with a three-arm rocking lever mounted on the wall of the bath in its head and rollers mounted on the free edge of the shield.

The hydraulic cylinder is installed under the bathtub and mounted on its bottom.

The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the water supply network through a three-position tap having three positions: raising, lowering, stop.

The telescopic lever of the loading mechanism is made with a position lock and a graduated load scale.

The installation site of the specified angle of the direction of application of the pulling force is made, for example, in the form of a permutation roller mounted on the bath.

The cables of the chest and pelvic girdles are made adjustable in length with the help of mobile carabiners mounted on the cables.

Three-arm rocking arm is made with the possibility of immersion and lifting the shield to predetermined levels.

To eliminate the backlash of the shield, two rubber rollers are installed on its sides.

Longitudinal guides are made in the shield for locating and moving the means of local heating and massage of the affected area of the spine, made, for example, in the form of a shower.

On the head of the shield are made racks for fixing the chest girdle.

The bathtub is made with overflow holes to drain excess water into the pan.

The bath is connected to the hot and cold water supply system.

The bathtub is equipped with a float thermometer.

The body of the bathtub is made of corrosion-resistant steel sheet, the walls of the bathtub are covered with heat-insulating foam, and the outer surface is covered with decorative plastic.

The device has a fine filter for water purification.

The device may use seawater or water containing either radon, or sodium chloride, or iodine bromine.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of the device, Fig.2 is a General view of the device from above, Fig.3 is a tank of the loading mechanism with a telescopic arm assembly.

A device for underwater horizontal traction of the spine contains a bath 1, means for placing the patient in the form of a shield 2, patient fixation elements in the form of the thoracic 3 and pelvic 4 belts, the loading mechanism of the lumbar and thoracic spine, made in the form of a load tank 5, with a counterweight 6 and telescopic lever 7 to set the magnitude of the traction load, an additional loading mechanism for traction both the cervical spine and, if necessary, the lumbar, in the form of a load tank 8 with ivovesom telescopic arm 9 and 7, an additional fixing member of the patient in the form of loops Glisson 10, hydraulic cylinder 11, a three-armed lever 12 rocking commuting roller 13 and means for locally heating the damaged area of the spine as Dusík 14.

The device also contains:

15 - cable with chains,

16 - traverse for connection with the pelvic girdle when stretching the cervical spine,

17 - fine filter,

18 - hot water valve for filling the bath,

19 - cold water valve for filling the bath,

20 - a shower mixer for supplying warm water to it,

21 - technological hatch for servicing the hydraulic cylinder,

22 - three-position valve crane lift cylinder,

23 - control lever drain valve

24 - knee mixer,

25 - valves for filling water into the loading mechanism: "load 1" and "load 2",

26 - bottom of the bath,

27 - thermometer float,

28 - rod telescopic arm with a scale,

29 - latch

30 - nodes of the suspension of the load tank,

31 - thrust

32 - guide sleeve with a hole,

33 - fluoroplastic ring,

34 - neck overflow with a pipe,

35 - seal

36 - cable limiter lifting the shield,

37 - bracket

38 - rubber roller,

39 - clutch limiter, regulating the upper level of the shield,

40 - rack fixing the cables of the chest belt,

41 - thermal insulation of the bath,

42 - the main control panel,

43 - additional control panel.

The bath 1 is made, for example, of stainless steel sheet, its walls are covered with heat-insulating foam 41. On the bottom 26 of the bath 1 (under it) is mounted a hydraulic cylinder 11 of the mechanism for raising and lowering the shield 2. For the convenience of repairing the hydraulic cylinder, a technological hatch 21. The ends of the bath are placed the main 42 remote control and an additional 43 remote control. In the control panels are made opening portholes (not shown in the drawing).

The top of the main console 42, in which the controls for loading mechanisms and piping are located, are removable for ease of maintenance and access to them. In the main panel there is a knee mixer 24 for filling the bath with water and draining it through the valve. The drain valve is controlled by lever 23. Hot and cold water is supplied to the bath and regulated by valves 18 and 19, respectively, and the water temperature is fixed by the thermometer-float 27. The temperature of the water supplied to the shower 14 of the local heating of the spine is regulated by the mixer 20. The water supplied into the hydraulic cylinder, it undergoes fine cleaning through the filter 17. The hydraulic cylinder is controlled by a three-position valve 22 having three positions: "rise", "lower" and "stop". Brackets with rollers are fixed on the sides of the bathtub through which the cables are thrown to the loading mechanisms, respectively to the tanks 5 and 8 with their balances (without water) balancing 6 and 9, respectively. Water is supplied to the loading tanks by two valves 25. A lowering rotary shield 2 is placed in the bathtub, along the longitudinal axis of which a movable shower unit 14 moves in the guides. fixed to the head of the side of the bathtub, and the other shoulder is connected to the shield lift cables 2. The free edge of the shield has two rollers through which the shield lift cables pass, and two rubber rollers 38 are attached to the sides, which limit the backlash of the shield. Two cables with adjustable sleeves 39 are attached to the bottom of the shield 2 to limit its upper position. On the edge of the head portion of the shield 2 two posts 40 are made for fixing adjustable cables connected to the chest belt 3. To extend the cervical spine, a Glisson loop 10 is used, which is connected to the tank 8 of the additional loading mechanism with two adjustable cables, while the pelvic 4 belt is attached to the bath traverse 16. When pulling the thoracic and lumbar spine to the pelvic 4 zone, cables with a chain 15 are attached, connected to the tank 5 of the main loading mechanism through a permutation roller 13, are fixed th on the wall bracket of the bathtub using a quick-detachable axis. Positions 30-33 and 35 are elements of the assembly of the telescopic arm 7 of the loading mechanism. All parts of the device are made of stainless steel or bronze.

The device operates as follows.

A patient on a gurney is taken to the device. The bath is filled with warm water, about 34-37 ° C. The presence of sea water, mineral or with the addition of radon, sodium chloride, bromine iodine or other solutions on the recommendation of a doctor significantly increases the effectiveness of the traction procedure. The drain valve lever 23 must be in the closed position. A pelvic 4 belt and a thoracic 3 belt are put on the patient when the thoracic or lumbar spine is stretched, so that the affected area of the spine is between them. And when stretching the cervical spine, a Glisson loop 10 and a pelvic 4 belt are put on the patient. The patient is transferred from the wheelchair to the shield 2 raised to the upper position, which corresponds to the height of the wheelchair. Under the head they put a heating pad with warm water. The patient checks the water temperature, if necessary, bring the water temperature to a comfortable one. Move scent 14 under the affected area of the spine. Tighten the straps of the chest belt, moving the carabiners of the cables to the necessary links of the chains attached to the posts 40 of the shield 2. By turning the three-position valve 22 of the hydraulic cylinder 11, lower the shield 2 into the lower position, the three-position valve 22 is put into the neutral stop position. Carabiners of cables with chains 15 are attached to the loops on the pelvic girdle 4, while their sagging is selected by the links of the chains and the empty load tank 5 of the main loading mechanism is lifted up, and the permutation pulling roller 13 provides the necessary angle of application of the pulling force. Using the telescopic lever 7 with the lock 29 and the graduated scale 28, the load set for this procedure by the doctor is established and the valve 25 "load I" slowly feeds water into the load tank 5 of the main loading mechanism. For a smoother loading, the telescopic loading lever 7 can be fixed in intermediate positions, bringing the load to a predetermined one. If necessary, a shower mixer 20 can supply warmer water of 37-39 ° C to the affected area of the spine, and excess water will flow through the longitudinal holes from the bathtub into the sump (not shown in the drawing), and from it into the drain pipe. After filling the water in the load tank 5 to a predetermined level, it will begin to overflow through the drain neck 34, which moves together with the telescopic lever 7, with the pipe into the pan. After that, close valve 25. After keeping the patient under a given load, the time indicated by the doctor lowers the telescopic arm 7 down, locking if necessary in several intermediate positions. Water from the load tank is drained into the pan and the load is reduced to zero. The carabiners of the cables 15 are released from the loops of the pelvic girdle 4. The three-position valve 22 is moved to the upper “lift” position, the shield 2 with the patient slowly rises under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 11 to the upper position, to the upper level of the bath edge. The height of the shield is limited by a cable 36. The straps of the thoracic 3 belts are freed from the carbines of adjustable cables with chains. Lever 23 opens the drain valve, the water from the bath is poured through a blender 24. The patient is carefully transferred to a gurney, where it is held for up to 1.5 hours, while the effect of traction of the vertebrae acts. At this time, the nurse can prepare the next patient for the spinal traction procedure. Removed from the patient after the procedure 3 and thoracic traction pelvic belt 4 is replaced with a discharge medical corset, wherein the patient has to be more than 3 ^hours.

When stretching the cervical spine, a Glisson loop 10 is put on the patient. Do all the operations described above, lower the shield 2 into the bath 1 with water, attach the cables of the load tank 8 of the additional loading mechanism to the straps of the Glisson loop. The pelvic 4 belt with the help of cables 15 is fixed on the traverse 16. The second valve 25 "Load 2" smoothly supplies water to the load tank 8 of the additional loading mechanism, in which the telescopic arm 7 with the scale is pre-fixed to the load specified by the doctor. The patient is kept under load for the required time, while the showerhead 14 can be heated and massaged in the cervical vertebrae. A valve is used to drain water smoothly from the load tank 8 of the additional loading mechanism. Disconnect the pelvic 4 belt and the Glisson loop 10 from the ropes, raise the shield 2 with the three-arm rocking lever 12. Drain the bath, the patient is transferred to the gurney, where the required time is maintained. On the patient wear the collar Schanz, which must be worn for more than 3 ^hours.

Traction of the lumbar and thoracic spine can be carried out using an additional loading mechanism, connecting the chest girdle to it and fixing the pelvic girdle on the traverse 16.

The use of the claimed device for underwater traction of the spine allows, due to the introduction of an additional loading mechanism on one installation, to stretch not only the thoracic and pelvic parts of the spine, but also the cervical one using the Glisson loop.

This implementation of the loading mechanisms in combination with load control elements and mounting elements allows you to very smoothly increase the traction force to a given load and also smoothly remove it to zero, taking into account the dimensions of the patient.

The presence of a three-armed rocking lever allows you to bring the shield to the upper level of the edge of the bath and thereby facilitates and improves the conditions for the patient and staff.

The use of a hydraulic cylinder connected to a conventional water supply system makes the installation not only safe, but also economical, since there are no electric drives and hydraulic drives that require additional service specialists.

The introduction of a douche for local local heating and gentle massage allows traction therapy to patients who are not recommended for the use of hot baths, and increases the therapeutic effect.

In addition, due to the simplicity of the design increases the reliability of the device during operation.

All of the above advantages allow us to conclude about the universality of this device for horizontal underwater traction of any of the departments of the spine on one installation.

Claims (14)

1. Device for underwater horizontal traction of the spine, containing a bath, means for placing the patient, made in the form of a shield with a mechanism for lifting and lowering it into the bath, patient fixation elements in the form of the chest and pelvic girdles, loading mechanism, characterized in that the device is equipped with in the head of the bath with an additional loading mechanism and an additional element for fixing the patient in the form of a Glisson loop, which has the ability to connect with an additional loading mechanism, the pelvic the fixation jar is made with the possibility of connecting with the main loading mechanism or with the bath, each loading mechanism is made in the form of a freely suspended on rollers by means of cables and with the possibility of moving the tank connected to the water supply network, with a counterweight to compensate for the weight of the empty tank, and a telescopic lever connected with a movable drain pipe, the mechanism for raising and lowering the shield is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder connected to the water supply network, a block of rollers, cables and a three-armed rocking arm, using of which the head part of the shield is mounted on the bathtub and its lower part is connected to the couplings to limit its upper position, in addition, the device is equipped with a node for setting the angle of application of the pulling force and means for local heating and massage of the affected area of the spine. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the main loading mechanism is connected to the pelvic girdle, the chest girdle is fixed on the shield. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the additional loading mechanism is connected to the Glisson loop, the pelvic girdle is fixed in the bath. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the additional loading mechanism is connected to the chest girdle, the pelvic girdle is fixed on the bath. 5. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that it is equipped with primary and, if necessary, additional control panels installed at the ends of the bath. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder is installed under the bathtub and mounted on its bottom, has a rod with rollers that move the cables connected through a system of rollers with a three-arm rocking lever, fixed on the wall of the bathtub and its head part, and the rollers mounted on the free edge of the shield, while the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the water supply network via a three-position tap having three positions: raising, lowering and stop. 7. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the telescopic lever of the loading mechanism is made with a position lock and a graduated load scale, and the unit for setting a given angle of application of the pulling force is made in the form of a permutation roller, reinforced in the bath. 8. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the racks for fixing the chest girdle are made on the head of the shield, and the cables of the chest and pelvic girdles are made adjustable in length with the help of mobile carabiners mounted on cables . 9. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the three-arm rocking arm is configured to immerse and raise the shield to predetermined levels, while two rubber rollers are installed on its sides to exclude backlash of the shield . 10. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the shield is made of longitudinal guides for placing and moving means of local heating and massage of the affected area of the spine, made in the form of a shower. 11. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the bath is connected to a hot and cold water supply system, is made with overflow holes for draining excess water into the pan and is equipped with a float thermometer. 12. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that the body of the bathtub is made of corrosion-resistant steel sheet, the walls of the bathtub are covered with heat-insulating foam, and the outer surface is covered with decorative plastic. 13. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that it has a fine filter for water purification. 14. The device according to claim 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of using seawater or water containing either radon or sodium chloride or iodine bromine.

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