RU2256892C1 - Arrangement for balancing of rotors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention refers to testing equipment.

SUBSTANCE: the arrangement has a balancing chamber filled with solidified material in quality of which easily melted matters are used. These matters must be capable to changing time and again their aggregative state. At that the solidifying material fulfils the function of equilibrant mass. The balancing chamber is partly filled with solidifying material and it is fulfilled in the shape of a hollow cylinder located inside the rotor. For changing of the aggregative state of easily melted matter a source of heat which is fulfilled out of easily deformed conducting matter applied on inside lateral surface of balancing chamber, fulfilled out of dielectric material. Two rings out of current conducting material connected to a source of impulses of electrical current and contacting with the matter are installed on the lateral walls of the chamber.

EFFECT: increases reliability.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to balance the rotating elements of machines and mechanisms.

A device is known for automatic balancing of rotors (1. V.M. Kozin, G.D.Shekun. Patent of the Russian Federation and RU 2189021 C1, 09/10/2002), comprising a balancing chamber mounted on bearing bearings filled with hardening fluid, while the balancing chamber is carried out in the form of a hollow cylinder located inside the rotor. Piezoelectric elements are installed in the nests of the bearing bearings, which are closed by current conductors to an electric heating coil located on the inner walls of the balancing chamber, and fusible substances with the ability to repeatedly change their state of aggregation are used as hardening material. The hardening material functions as a balancing mass, and the balancing chamber is partially filled with the hardening material.

The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity and unreliability of the device in operation.

The task of the invention is to simplify the design of the balancing device.

The technical result achieved by solving the problem is to increase the reliability of the device when it is used in various operating modes of rotational systems. The essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive signs:

A device for balancing rotors containing a balancing chamber mounted on supports filled with hardening material, which is used as fusible materials, which are able to repeatedly change their state of aggregation during the supply and removal of heat, and the hardening material acts as a balancing mass, the balancing chamber is partially filled with the hardening material and perform it in the form of a hollow cylinder located inside the rotor, and to change the state of aggregation The fusible substances use a heat source.

Features:

The heat source is made of easily deformable conductive substance deposited on the inner side surface of the balancing chamber made of dielectric material, while two rings of conductive material are installed on the side walls of the chamber, which are connected to the source of electrical current pulses and are detected with the substance.

It is known (2. Shekun GD RF Patent No. 2118805) that a substance in a fluid state and partially filling the balancing chamber, when the rotor speed changes due to inertial forces, flows into the chamber cavity farthest from the axis of rotation, occupying such an angular and radial a position that is spatially opposite to an unbalanced (excess) mass, i.e. The “heavy” part of the rotational system. Thus, having the property of initial fluidity, the substance (balancing mass) is concentrated on the side of the “light” part of the rotational system. Using this effect can significantly reduce the gradient of oppositely directed dynamic forces. The use of substances having the property of hardening with simultaneous setting with the walls of the chamber eliminates the subsequent overflow of the balancing mass, which helps to stabilize the dynamic system at the operating rotational speed of the rotor.

If it becomes necessary to balance the rotor during its operation, thermal energy is supplied to the hardened substance. In this case, the substance, possessing the property of changing its state of aggregation, assumes the fluid state again and the process of balancing the rotational system resumes.

It is known (3. Bell J.F. Experimental fundamentals of mechanics of deformable solids. Part II. Final deformations. M .: Nauka, 1984. - 286 p.) That when the material is deformed, up to 90% of the expended energy is converted into heat (see . / 3 / p. 179). Thus, if due to centrifugal forces a sufficient volumetric deformation of the material occurs, the kinetic energy of centrifugal forces is converted into heat when plastic deformations occur in the material.

It is also known (4. IV Ovchinnikov. Electroplasticity and control of the process of plastic deformation. - Vestn. Mosk. Univ. Ser. 1. Mathematics. Mechanics. - 1990. - No. 4. - S.35-44) that the plastic properties of the material under the influence of a current pulse are improved, i.e. under the action of a constant external load, plastic deformations increase. This, in turn, as is known from / 3 /, will lead to an increase in the released thermal energy.

The invention is as follows.

Balancing space, i.e. the balancing chamber is partially filled with a balancing mass, which is used as fusible, easily deformable (with a small modulus of elasticity) and conductive substances capable of repeatedly changing their state of aggregation during the supply and removal of heat, for example, Wood alloy. When heat is supplied, substances acquire a liquid state and, as a result, the ability to move in the balancing space under the influence of inertial forces. The balancing chamber is made of dielectric material, and two rings of conductive material are installed on the side walls of the chamber, which are connected to the source of electric current pulses through conductive elements (for example, brushes with wires). A balancing substance is applied to the inner surface of the balancing chamber, for example, by spraying it.

If an imbalance occurs during the operation of the rotor, to eliminate it, the rotor is accelerated to such supercritical angular velocities at which plastic deformations begin to occur in the substance due to centrifugal inertia forces, which, in turn, will lead to heat generation. To increase its quantity in order to increase the efficiency of the process of balancing the rotor on a substance, using a conductive element pre-installed on the balancing chamber, an electric current pulse source is included, which, due to the dielectric properties of the balancing chamber material, will only pass through the substance. This will lead to an increase in plastic deformations of the substance and a corresponding increase in the generated heat. Heating with a low-melting balancing mass will cause its melt and, as a result, its ability to move in the balancing space. Then the angular velocity of the rotor is reduced to critical and the source of pulses of the electric current is turned off. Deformations of the substance cease to grow, and the source of heat disappears. Due to heat exchange with the environment, the balancing mass hardens (the solidification temperature of the fusible substance must be higher than the ambient temperature) and the rotor will be fixed in a balanced state. After that, the rotor becomes suitable for operation at any operating speed. If during its further operation an imbalance reappears, then for its elimination proceed according to the above-described scheme.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

A balancing chamber 2 is installed on the rotor shaft 1, which is partially filled with substance 3. On the side walls 4 of the balancing chamber 2, rings 5 of conductive material are installed, which contact the substance 3 and, thanks to the current-carrying elements, i.e. brushes 6 and wires 7 are connected to a source of electric current pulses 8. When an imbalance occurs, the rotor starts to rotate with a supercritical frequency ω and turns on the source of electric current pulses 8. As a result, substance 3 moves from position 9 to optimal position 10.

Claims (1)

A device for balancing rotors containing a balancing chamber mounted on supports filled with hardening material, which is used as fusible materials, which are able to repeatedly change their state of aggregation during the supply and removal of heat, and the hardening material acts as a balancing mass, the balancing chamber is partially filled with the hardening material and perform it in the form of a hollow cylinder located inside the rotor, and to change the state of aggregation The fusible substance uses a heat source, characterized in that the heat source is made of easily deformable conductive substance deposited on the inner side surface of the balancing chamber made of dielectric material, while two rings of conductive material are installed on the side walls of the chamber, which are connected to the pulse source electric current and come into contact with the substance.