RU2234067C1 - Device for automatic balancing adjustment of rotors - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering and balancing adjustment of components of machines and mechanisms.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is dealt with the field of engineering industry and may be used for balancing of the rotating elements of machines and mechanisms. The device for automatic balancing adjustment of the rotors contains a mounted on supports balancing chamber filled with a hardening material, in the capacity of which the fusible substances having a capability repeatedly to change their aggregate state are used. At that the hardening material functions as a balancing mass. The balance chamber is made in the form of a hollow cylinder located inside a rotor and filled in with a hardening material in part. On a support of the balancing chamber there is a mounted spring loaded button, that provides during a time of it is being pressed a contact of a plate manufactured out of a material with a high factor of friction and mounted on the end of a stock of the button with a butt wall of the chamber and its heating for melting-down of a hardening material inside the balance chamber. The given invention is aimed at a raise of reliability of the device at its usage in different operational conditions of the rotation systems.

EFFECT: the invention allows to increase reliability of the device at its usage in different operational conditions of the rotation systems.

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Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to balance the rotating elements of machines and mechanisms.

A device is known for automatic balancing of rotors (1. RU 2135973 C1, G 01 M 1/38, B 24 B 45/00, 08/27/1999) containing a balancing chamber mounted on bearing supports filled with a hardening fluid, while the balancing chamber is carried out in in the form of a hollow cylinder located inside the rotor. Piezoelectric elements are installed in the nests of the bearing bearings, which are closed by current conductors to an electric heating coil located on the inner walls of the balancing chamber, and fusible substances with the ability to repeatedly change their state of aggregation are used as hardening material. The hardening material functions as a balancing mass, and the balancing chamber is partially filled with the hardening material.

The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity and unreliability of the device in operation.

The task of the invention is to simplify the design of the balancing device.

The technical result achieved by solving the problem is to increase the reliability of the device when it is used in various operating modes of rotational systems.

The essential features characterizing the invention.

Restrictive signs:

A device for balancing rotors containing a balancing chamber mounted on supports filled with a hardening material, which is used as fusible materials capable of repeatedly changing its state of aggregation, the hardening material acting as a balancing mass, the balancing chamber is partially filled with a hardening material and is made in the form hollow cylinder located inside the rotor.

Features:

A spring-loaded button is installed on the support of the balancing chamber, with the help of which, during the time of pressing it, the lining made of a material with a high coefficient of friction and mounted on the end of the button stem is contacted with the end wall of the chamber to ensure the latter is heated to melt the hardening material inside the balancing chamber.

It is known (2. Shekun GD RF Patent 2118805) that a substance in a fluid state and partially filling the balancing chamber when changing the rotor speed under the action of inertial forces flows into the most distant; from the axis of rotation, the cavity of the chamber, occupying such an angular and radial position that is spatially opposite to the unbalanced (excess) mass, i.e. The “heavy” part of the rotational system. Thus, having the property of initial fluidity, the substance (balancing mass) is concentrated on the side of the “light” part of the rotational system. Using this effect can significantly reduce the gradient of oppositely directed dynamic forces. The use of substances having the property of hardening with simultaneous setting with the walls of the chamber eliminates the subsequent overflow of the balancing mass. If it becomes necessary to balance the rotor during its operation, thermal energy is supplied to the hardened substance. In this case, the substance, possessing the property of changing its state of aggregation, assumes the fluid state again and the process of balancing the rotational system resumes.

Since the imbalance of the rotational system inevitably leads to the appearance of vibration of the rotor, then by its occurrence it is possible to determine the moment of occurrence of the imbalance of the rotor. If after this heat energy is supplied to the balancing chamber, the fusible material filling the chambers and performing the function of balancing manna will melt, which will lead to the balance of the rotational system at the working rotor speed. The invention is as follows. A spring-loaded button is installed on the support of the balancing chamber, on the end of the rod of which a plate made of material with a high coefficient of friction is fixed. The installation location and the length of the button stem are selected so that when it is pressed (for example, with a finger), the lining contacts the chamber end wall.

When vibration occurs, i.e. imbalance of the rotor rotating with the working frequency, the button is pressed. There is a contact of the plates with the end wall of the chamber and friction forces appear. The resulting frictional forces will warm up the pad and the end wall of the balancing chamber. The appeared source of thermal energy will melt the fusible material of the balancing mass. When the rotor rotates with a supercritical frequency, the molten material, which acts as a balancing mass, will take the optimal location inside the balancing chamber and ensure the balance of the system. After the moment of balance, the vibration of the rotor stops and the button is released. Due to the spring, the button will return to its original position and the lining contact with the end wall will disappear, which will stop the flow of thermal energy. Due to the natural dissipation of energy (the ambient temperature should be lower than the melting point of the substance), the temperature of the balancing mass will decrease and it will harden, which will fix the balance of the system.

With subsequent occurrence of rotor imbalances during its operation, the balancing is repeated according to the above scheme.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows an example of its implementation.

On the support 1 of the balancing chamber 2, a button 3 and a spring 4 are installed. At the end of the rod 5, a plate 6 is attached. When the unbalanced rotor 7 is rotated, the button is pressed until contact occurs between the plate 6 and the end wall 8 of the chamber 2. The heat generated by friction will melt the balancing mass 9 , which at a frequency of rotation ω will take from position 10 the optimal position 11.

Claims (1)

A device for balancing rotors containing a balancing chamber mounted on supports filled with hardening material, which uses fusible materials capable of repeatedly changing its state of aggregation, moreover, the hardening material acts as a balancing mass, the balancing chamber is partially filled with hardening material and is made in the form hollow cylinder located inside the rotor, characterized in that on the support of the balancing chamber ivayut spring loaded button, with which during the time it is pressed provide contact pad made of a material with a high coefficient of friction and mounted on the end of the plunger button and an end wall providing the heating chamber with the latter to melt solidified material within the balancing chamber.